Methanol extract of bauhinia purpurea leaf possesses anti-ulcer activity

The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-ulcer activity of a methanol extract of Bauhinia purpurea leaf [MEBP]. Materials and Methods: MEBP was administered at doses of 100, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg and its effects on acute toxicity, absolute ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration, and pyloric ligation tests in rats were investigatedAt a dose of 5,000 mg/kg, MEBP did not cause any signs of toxicity in rats when given orally. Oral administration of MEBP exerted anti-ulcer activity [p < 0.05] in all models tested. However, a dose-dependent pro-tection was observed only in the indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration model. Histological studies supported the observed anti-ulcer activity of MEBP. In the pyloric ligation assay, MEBP significantly increased gastric wall mucus secretion [p < 0.05], but did not affect the acidity of the gastric contents. EBP exhibited antiulcer activity, which could be due to the presence of flavonoids, saponins or other polyphenols, thereby validating the traditional use of B. purpurea in the treatment of ulcers

Antiulcer activity of methanol extract of melastoma malabathricum leaves in rats

To determine the potential antiulcer activity of methanol extract of Melastoma malabathricum leaves [MEMM] using various established rat models. Ten groups of rats were used and orally administered 10% DMSO [negative control], 100 mg/kg ranitidine [positive control] or MEMM [50,250 and 500 mg/kg] followed by gastric ulcer induction either using ethanol or in-domethacin. The stomachs were collected and subjected to macroscopic and microscopic analyses. MEMM exhibited significant [p < 0.05] antiulcer activity in the ethanol, but not in the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model. The percentage of antiulcer activity for 50-500 mg/kg MEMM ranged between 3 and 75%, respectively. The gross observations were supported by histological findings. MEMM also aggravated the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer, leading toan increasein ulcer area formation and ulcer score. The M. malabathricum leaves showed antiulcer activity, which could be attributed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This requires further in-depth studies

In vivo antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of dried and fermented processed virgin coconut oil

The present study was carried out to investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of virgin coconut oil [VCO] produced by theMalaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute [MARDI] using various in vivo models. Two types of VCOs, produced via standard drying [VCOA] and fermentation [VCOB] processes were used in this study. Both VCOA and VCOB were serially diluted using 1% Tween 80 to concentrations [v/v] of 10, 50 and 100%. Antinociceptive and anti- inflammatory activities of both VCOs were examined using various in vivomodel systems. The antinociceptive activity of the VCOs were compared to those of 1% Tween 80 [used as a negative control], morphine [5 mg/kg] and/or acetylsalicylic acid [100 mg/kg]. Both VCOA and VCOB exhibited significant [p < 0.05] dose-dependent antinociceptive activity in the acetic acid-induced writhing test. Both VCOs also exerted significant [p < 0.05] antinociceptive activity in both phases of the formalin and hot-plate tests. Interestingly, the VCOs exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in an acute [carrageenan-induced paw edema test], but not in a chronic [cotton-pellet-induced granuloma test] model of inflammation. The MARDI-produced VCOs possessed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Further studies are needed to confirm these observations

Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of mitragyna speciosa korth methanolic extract

To determine the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Mitragyna speciosa Korth methanol extract in rodents. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma tests in rats. Antinociceptive activity was measured using the writhing test and the hot plate test in mice, and the formalin test in rats. All drugs and extracts were diluted in dH[2]O and administered through the intraperitoneal route. Results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test for multiple comparisons among groups. Results showed that intraperitoneal administration of the extract at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg produced significant dose-dependent activity in all of the nociceptive models evaluated [p<0.05]. With the formalin test, the antinociceptive activity in mice was inhibited only at the highest dose of the extract [200mg/kg]. The study also showed that intraperitoneal administration of the methanol extract of M.speciosa [100 and 200 mg/kg] significantly and dose-dependently suppressed the development of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema [p<0.005]. In the chronic test, however, significant reduction in granulomatous tissue formation in rats was observed only at the highest dose of the methanol extract of M. speciosa [200 mg/kg, p<0.005]. The present study suggests the presence of potent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory principles in the extract, supporting its folkloric use for the treatment of these conditions

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of stachytarpheta jamaicensis [L.] Vahl [Verbenaceae]in experimental animal models

The present study was carried out to explore the antinociceptive as well as the anti-inflammatory effects of an ethanol extract of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis [L.] Vahl [EESJ] using 3 models of nociception and 2 models of inflammation in experimental animals EESJ was prepared by overnight soaking of the oven-dried [50°C; 72 h] ground leaves [500 g] in 80% ethanol [1:5; w/v]. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness [50°C], resuspended in distilled water at concentrations to provide the desired doses of 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg. For antinociceptive effects, 3 models were used: acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, hot-plate- and formalin-induced paw-licking tests; for anti-inflammatory effects, 2 models were used - carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton-pellet-induced granuloma tests. Appropriate doses were administered intraperitoneally [i.p.] to mice/rats prior to each test. The mechanisms of antinociceptive action of the extract were also investigated by pretreatment with naloxone [5 mg/kg, i.p.]. The extract exhibited significant [p < 0.05] antinociceptive activity in all nociceptive models tested with dose-dependent activity observed using the abdominal writhing and formalin tests. Pretreatment with naloxone partially, but significantly [p < 0.05] reversed the antinociceptive activity of the extract when assessed using the abdominal-writhing- and formalin-induced paw-licking tests, and completely inhibited its activity when the hot-plate test was used. The extract also showed significant [p < 0.05] anti-inflammatory activity in both the acute [carrageenan-induced paw edema test] and the chronic [cotton-pellet granuloma test] tests. This study showed the potential of EESJ to exert antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, the former being modulated via peripheral and central mechanisms and involving, in part, activation of the opioid receptor system