Prevalence and influencing factors of elevated blood pressure among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the prevalence of elevated blood pressure among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province in 2022, as well as its influencing factors, so as to provide scientific evidence for the development of effective measures to prevent and control elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents.@*Methods@#Using data from the 2022 "Monitoring of Common Diseases and health Influencing Factors of Students" in Anhui Province, a total of 210 360 primary and middle school students aged 7 to 17 with complete information. Statistical analysis, including independent sample t tests, analysis of variance, and Chi square tests, were conducted to compare blood pressure differences and prevalence rates among students with different characteristics. Generalized linear mixed models were established to analyze the influencing factors of elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents.@*Results@#The overall prevalence of elevated blood pressure among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province was 22.3%, higher among high school students (25.6%) and junior high school students ( 23.7%) than elementary school students (20.4%) ( χ 2=528.49, P < 0.01 ); higher among obese(33.3%) and overweight students (24.9%) than that of normal students (18.6%) ( χ 2=3 704.52, P <0.01), higher among rural students (23.1%) than urban students (21.4%) ( χ 2=83.39, P <0.01), and higher in the northern part of Anhui Province (26.9%) than in the central part (21.9%) and southern part (17.6%) ( χ 2=1 777.51, P <0.01). The generalized linear mixed models revealed that girls, high school stage, overweight, obese, living in the northern part of Anhui Province, and living in rural were all positively correlated with elevated blood pressure( OR =1.11，1.25，1.47，1.45，2.24，1.21，1.67， P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents in Anhui Province is the highest in the country. It is recommended that relevant departments promptly formulate corresponding measures to curb the increasing trend of elevated blood pressure and protect the physical and mental health of children and adolescents.

Palmatine ameliorates high fat diet induced impaired glucose tolerance

BACKGROUND: The impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a representative prediabetes characterized by defective glucose homeostasis, and palmatine (PAL) is a natural isoquinoline alkaloid with multiple pharmacological effects. Our study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of PAL on the impaired glucose tolerance. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish an IGT model with high fat diet (HFD). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and further biochemical analysis were conducted to determine the effect of PAL on glucose intolerance in vivo. Molecular details were clarified in a cellular model of IGT induced by Palmitate (PA) on INS-1 cells. RESULTS: Our study demonstrated a relief of IGT with improved insulin resistance in HFD induced rats after PAL treatment. Besides, promoted pancreas islets function was validated with significantly increased ß cell mass after the treatment of PAL. We further found out that PAL could alleviate the ß cell apoptosis that accounts for ß cell mass loss in IGT model. Moreover, MAPK signaling was investigated in vivo and vitro with the discovery that PAL regulated the MAPK signaling by restricting the ERK and JNK cascades. The insulin secretion assay indicated that PAL significantly promoted the defective insulin secretion in PA-induced INS-1 cells via JNK rather than ERK signaling. Furthermore, PAL treatment was determined to significantly suppress ß cell apoptosis in PA-induced cells. We thus thought that PAL promoted the PA-induced impaired insulin release by inhibiting the ß; cell apoptosis and JNK signaling in vitro. CONCLUSION: In summary, PAL ameliorates HFD-induced IGT with novel mechanisms.

Co-culture of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells under Hypoxic Condition / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

By co-culturing humm mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and human umbilical rein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under hypoxia and creating a microenvironment similar to that of transplanted hMSCs for the treatment of avascular ni ANFH,the effect of hMSCs on survival,apoptosis,migration and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under the hypoxic condition were investigated in vitro.hMSCs and HUVECs were cultured and identified in vitro.Three kinds of conditioned media,CdM-CdMNOR,CdM-CdMHYP and HUVEC-CdMHYP were prepared.HUVECs were cultured with these conditioned media under hypoxia.The survival rate,apoptosis rate,migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs were respectively detected by CCK-8,flow cytometry,Transwell and tube formation assay.The content of SDF-1α,VEGF and IL-6 in CdM was determined by ELISA.Our results showed that hMSCs and HUVECs were cultured and identified successfully.Compared with MSC-CdMNOR and HUVEC-CdMHYP groups,the survival rate,migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs in MSC-CdMHYP group were significantly increased while the apoptosis rate was declined (P＜0.05).Moreover,the expression of SDF-1a VEGF and IL-6 in MSC-CdMHYP group was up-regulated.Under hypoxia,the apoptosis of HUVECs was inhibited while survival,migration and angiogenesis were improved by co-culture of hMSCs and HUVECs.The underlying mechanism may be that hMSCs could secrete a number of cytokines and improve niche,which might be helpful in the treatment of femoral head necrosis.