RESUMO
Motivational interviewing [M.I.] is an option for modifying an individual's behavior. It is used as an educational method in recent years. The aim of our study was to indicate whether or not education, using lecture alone and lecture with M.I., would affect the performance of nursing personnel regarding their hand hygiene. If so, which of these two methods were most effective for this purpose? This was an interventional study conducted in Bahrami Pediatric Hospital in Tehran. The study population consisted of all nursing personnel in the hospital. Considering the responsibilities of different nurses and their educational status, we divided them into three classes. The participants of each class were randomly assigned to either the control or experiment groups training lecture alone or lecture with M.I., respectively. We used Independent-t, Paired-t, Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests for analysis. Education using lecture alone improved the hand hygiene performance of nursing personnel only in the first and third classes [P = 0.002 and P = 0.001, respectively]. Similarly, lecture combined with M.I. improved the hand hygiene performance of personnel in the first and third classes [P < 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively]. The latter method was more effective compared to lecture alone in the first and third classes [P < 0.001 and P = 0.013, respectively]. Education based on lecturing improves hand hygiene performance among nursing personnel. It will be more effective if combined with M.I
RESUMO
Since esophagus cancer is among the most fatal cancers all over the world and our country has the most frequent number of patients, identification of squamous cell carcinoma associated proteins would be essential. Finding molecular markers for recognition of the disease could be beneficial for efficient and early treatment of the disease. As protein expression in cancerous cells is different from normal ones, identification of protein expression pattern could be helpful for recognition of the disease. Proteomics is a novel method for recognition of protein collection in a specific tissue. In this method 2D gel electrophoresis is performed to separate all proteins, and then spot analysis will be done through mass spectrometry and bioinformatics software would help in the recognition of proteins. In comparison to normal tissue in cancerous cells, we would have up-regulation, down-regulation, appearance or disappearance of a specific protein. So, protein extraction was performed from healthy and cancerous mucosal tissue of esophagus and all peptides were separated through 2D gel electrophoresis. After spot analysis, proteins with different expression were identified with mass spectrometry and bioinformatics. In comparison to normal tissue, 14 proteins were found to over expressed or have no expression in tumors. The main objective of this study is that proteomics is an ideal method to find the molecular basis of squamous cell carcinoma in esophageal cancer