Effect of topical propranolol gel on plasma renin, angiotensin II and vascular endothelial growth factor in superficial infantile hemangiomas / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The effect of topical propranolol gel on the levels of plasma renin, angiotensin II (ATII) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in superficial infantile hemangiomas (IHs) was investigated. Thirty-three consecutive children with superficial IHs were observed pre-treatment, 1 and 3 months after application of topical propranolol gel for the levels of plasma renin, ATII and VEGF in Department of General Surgery of Dongfang Hospital from February 2013 to February 2014. The plasma results of IHs were compared with those of 30 healthy infants of the same age from out-patient department. The clinical efficiency of topical propranolol gel at 1st, and 3rd month after application was 45%, and 82% respectively. The levels of plasma renin, ATII and VEGF in patients pre-treatment were higher than those in healthy infants (565.86 ± 49.66 vs. 18.19 ± 3.56, 3.20 ± 0.39 vs 0.30 ± 0.03, and 362.16 ± 27.29 vs. 85.63 ± 8.14, P < 0.05). The concentrations of VEGF and renin at 1st and 3rd month after treatment were decreased obviously as compared with those pre-treatment (271.51 ± 18.59 vs. 362.16 ± 27.29, and 405.18 ± 42.52 vs. 565.86 ± 49.66 P < 0.05; 240.80 ± 19.89 vs. 362.16 ± 27.29, and 325.90 ± 35.78 vs. 565.86 ± 49.66, P < 0.05, respectively), but the levels of plasma ATII declined slightly (2.96 ± 0.37 vs. 3.20 ± 0.39, and 2.47 ± 0.27 vs. 3.20 ± 0.39, P > 0.05). It was indicated that the increased renin, ATII and VEGF might play a role in the onset or development of IHs. Propranolol gel may suppress the proliferation of IHs by reducing VEGF.

Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine on the intestinal barrier dysfunction after radiation injury in rats / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the protective effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the intestinal barrier dysfunction in rats after extensive abdominal radiation with X ray.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four Spraque-Dawley male rats were divided into normal control group (n=8), radiation group (n=8), and radiation+NAC group (300 mg/kg) (n=8). Radiation injury was induced by X ray with a single dose of 10 Gy. NAC was administered from 4 days before irradiation to 3 days after radiation. Three days after radiation, all the rats were euthanized. The terminal ileum was collected for crypt survival assay and ileal villi count. The tissue samples from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), spleen, and liver were harvested under sterile conditions for microbiological analysis and ileum samples were harvested for biochemical analysis. The blood levels of D-lactate, endotoxin and diamine oxidase (DAO) and the ileum samples levels of nitric oxide(NO) were also measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Rats in radiation+NAC group had a higher survival rate of intestinal crypt [(76.84+/-4.82)% vs (49.64+/-5.48)%, P<0.01], higher intestinal villus count [(8.56+/-0.68)/mm vs (4.02+/-0.54)/mm, P<0.01], lower NO concentration [(0.48+/-0.12) mumol/g vs (0.88+/-0.16) mumol/g, P<0.01], lower levels of D-lactate, endotoxin and DAO (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and significantly decreased enteric bacteria cultured from mesenteric lymph nodes and other tissues as compared with the radiation group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NAC protects the small intestine from radiation-induced injury maybe through the inhibition of NO in rats.</p>

Effect of diabetes control after small intestine exclusion surgery in Goto-Kakizaki rat with non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect and possible mechanisms of diabetes control after small intestine exclusion surgery in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat with non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty GK rats with non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus underwent duodenal bypass (Group A, n = 8), which creates a shortcut for ingested nutrients bypassing duodenum alone; duodenal-jejunal bypass (Group B, n = 8), a stomach-preserving RYGB that excludes the duodenum and proximal jejunum; duodenum and total jejunum exclusion (Group C, n = 8); sub-total small intestine exclusion (Group D, n = 8), which creates a shortcut for ingested nutrients bypassing duodenum, jejunum and sub-total ileum; controls were pair-fed (PF) sham-operated and untreated GK rats (Group SO, n = 8). The rats were observed for 24 weeks after surgery. Body weight, food intake and fasting blood glucose level were tested at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 weeks after the operation in those groups. The concentrations of insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations were measured before (baseline) and then 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after OGTT at 0, 12, 24 weeks after the operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Mean operating time of all groups was similar. The mean body weight and food intake decreased significantly at 1 week after surgery (P < 0.01) and with no differences among the groups. Fasting blood glucose level decreased significantly after surgery in all the operation groups through the entire follow-up period (P < 0.05). No significant changes in fasting blood glucose level in SO group was found in 12 weeks after the operation, and it increased at 12 and 24 weeks after. Fasting blood glucose levels in group B decreased significantly compared with group A (P < 0.05), but no difference was found among group B, C and D (P > 0.05). Oral glucose-stimulated peak (30 min) levels of blood insulin and GLP-1 increased markedly in operation groups (A, B, C and D) after surgery (P < 0.01). Compared with group A, peak levels of blood insulin and GLP-1 in group B were strikingly higher (P < 0.05), but no difference was found when compared with group C or D (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In spontaneously non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus rats, small intestinal exclusion including proximal gut is effective in terms of glucose control and has no direct relation with body weight and food intake loss. Restoration of the first-phase insulin secretion and high secretion of GLP-1 in type 2 diabetic subjects after gastrointestinal bypass surgery seem to be helpful to diabetes control. Taking intestinal nutrient absorption into consideration, duodenal-jejunal bypass may be a better surgery for diabetes control.</p>

Evaluation of endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of early colon cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of early colon carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of 55 early colon cancer patients, including 30 male, 25 female with mean age of 54 years(ranged 42 to 68), undergone endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic surgery at the colon were reviewed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From March 2002 to December 2007, 55 early colon cancer patients were treated with endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic surgery in our institute. In 53 cases, a laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative bowel segment resection was performed at first. Of these 53 patients, 11 cases then received laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative radical anatomical resection according to the result of frozen section. Two cases were transferred to open surgery because of small intestinal inflation after endoscopic location. The mean operative time of cooperation was 90 min (55-240 min), and the mean blood loss was 50 ml(10-200 ml). In 51 cases(92.7%), the time for flatus passage was 2 to 3 days. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 5 d(2-15 d). No postoperative complications were found. Follow-up data were obtained by clinical examination and personal communication via telephone. The median follow-up was 42 months(ranged 3-72). Most of the patients were alive except one case died of myocardial infarction during the follow-up period. None of the patients with early colon cancer treated by the cooperative surgery had relapse or metastasis. Two cases of T1N1Mx underwent adjuvant chemotherapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic surgery offers a minimal-invasive and safe therapeutic approach for early colon cancer. The early colon cancer may be a good indication for endoscopy-assisted laparoscopic surgery when the endoscopic mucosal resection is inadequate.</p>

Safety and efficacy of Qingre Buyi Decoction in the treatment of acute radiation proctitis: a prospective, randomized and controlled trial / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficiency, safety, and possible mechanisms of Qingre Buyi Decoction (QBD) in the treatment of acute radiation proctitis (ARP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study was a single center, prospective, single blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 60 patients with ARP was equally and randomly distributed into the control group (conventional treatment) and the combination group (conventional treatment plus QBD). The changes of main Chinese medicine clinical symptoms and signs, including stomachache, diarrhea, mucous or bloody stool before and after treatment, and their adverse reactions were observed after the two-week treatment. Also, D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) levels, hepatic and renal function were measured. Cure rates, effective rates, and recurrence rates were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The blood levels of both DAO and D-lactate were significantly decreased in the combination group as compared with those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). All main clinical symptoms and signs were alleviated more significantly in the combination group (P<0.01). The main symptom scores also were significantly decreased after treatment in the control group (P<0.01), except those for mucous or bloody stool (P>0.05). Compared to the control group, the improvements of stomachache, diarrhea, defecation dysfunction, and stool blood in the combination group were significantly better (P<0.05 or P<0.01). For the combination group, the curative rate, effective rate, and recurrence rate was 76.67%, 16.67%, and 6.67%, respectively. On the other hand, for the control group, the rate was 53.33%, 16.67%, and 30.00%, respectively. The total curative effect was significantly better in the combination group than in the control group (P<0.05). However, the recurrence rate was similar between the two groups (P>0.05). The hepatic and renal function remained normal in both groups (P>0.05). In addition, no severe adverse event was found in both groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Addition of QBD to the conventional treatment can effectively alleviate the damage of intestinal mucosal barrier function and improve all main clinical symptoms and signs of the ARP. The combination of conventional treatment with Chinese herbal medicine QBD is effective and safe for ARP.</p>