Choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor [PSTT]: ultra structural study

Ultrastructural study of five cases of choriocarcinoma out of the examined cases of trophoblastic disease revealed biphasic cytotrophoblast [CT] and syncytotrophoblast [ST] structure. CT cells were characterized by electronic light cytoplasm containing scattered rough endoplasmic reticulum [RER]. The nucleus had oval contour and prominent nucleoli. ST cells showed complex electronic dense cytoplasm containing abundant RER, free ribosomes and lipid droplets. More than one nucleus were present with irregular outlines and coarse clumped chromatin. Two cases of placental site trophoblast tumor [PSTT] were studied ultrastructurally showing prominent intermediate trophoblast [IT] cells characterizing by irregular hyperchromatic nucleus with complex cytoplasm with dilated RER and paranuclear tonofilaments. The ultrastructural study of these lesions gave a perfect diagnostic differentiation between them

Evaluation of bladder washing and urine cytology in the diagnosis of bladder cancer

The present work was conducted in order to assess the diagnostic accuracy of bladder washing and voided urine cytology in the diagnosis of bladder cancer and to correlate the resulta with the histopathological features of the biopsy specimens taken from the same patients. This series included 75 patients with positive histopathological and clinical data of bladder cancer. They were subjected to clinical, radiological, endoscopic examination with transuretheral biopsy and voided urine and bladder washing for cytological study. The diagnostic accuracy for voided urine and bladder washing cytology in proven bladder cancer were 76% and 92% respectively. False negative resulta were obtained in 24% for cases of voided urine cytology while it was only 8% for cases of bladder washing cytology. High diagnostic accuracy of urine cytology was detected among cases of transitional cell carcinoma. The results of voided urine and bladder washing cytology were related to the histologic grading of the tumours. Higher diagnostic accuracy of urine cytology were detected in grade III than in grade I and II tumours