Role of Cytokines and Related Signaling Pathways in Intervention of Chinese Medicine in Radiation-induced Lung Injury： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Radiation-induced lung injury （RILI）， one of the common complications caused by radiotherapy， encompasses two phases： an early phase known as radiation pneumonitis （RP） and a late phase called radiation fibrosis （RF）， threatening the life and life quality of patients， with poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence has shown that the occurrence of RILI is related to a variety of cytokines and signaling pathways. This paper summarized the research on the effects of Chinese medicine on RILI from the perspective of cytokines and signaling pathways. Cytokines include transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）， interleukins （ILs）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， platelet-derived growth factor （PDGF）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， and high mobility group box-1 （HMGB1）. Related signaling pathways are phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway， mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway， Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway， Notch1/Jagged1 signaling pathway， and nuclear factor-E2-related factor2/antioxidant response element （Nrf2/ARE） signaling pathway. Cytokines may interfere with RILI progression by initiating various downstream signaling pathways， such as TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway， TGF-β1/VEGF signaling pathway， TNF-α/nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway， and HMGB1/Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） signaling pathway. In recent years， many scholars have attempted to delay RILI progression by down-regulating the expression of cytokines， antagonizing the effect of cytokines or regulating signaling pathways. It has been verified that many Chinese medicines， Chinese medicine monomers， and compound Chinese medicine prescriptions can inhibit the release of some cytokines or regulate some signaling pathways to reduce the incidence/severity of RILI， with satisfactory therapeutic effects， which have attracted the interest of scholars.

Exploration on the construction of teaching team in universities under the background of "Double-First Class": taking medical cell biology as an example / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Medical cell biology is an important basic course of school medical education. Constructing a high-quality course teaching team is the key to improve the level and quality of education and teaching in universities under the background of "Double First-Class" at present. Based on the analysis of the current problems in the construction of teaching teams in universities, taking the teaching team of medical cell biology in Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine as an example, this paper elaborates the experience of team construction in terms of the composition of teaching staff, construction objectives, specific measures and practical results, so as to provide reference for further improving the construction of teaching teams in universities under the background of "Double First-Class".

Effect of active ingredient from Fructus Corni on aging astrocyte induced by D-galactose / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study effects of loganin and morro-niside on aging astrocytes induced by D-galactose. Methods Cortex astrocytes of newly born rats were cultured in vivo and indentified by immunofluorescence method.Firstly,appropriate D-galactose concentration was selected and effects of loganin and morroniside on proliferation activity of aging astrocytes induced by D-galactose were determined by MTT test.Then SOD, MDA were taken as indicators to study the effects of loganin and morroniside on aging astrocytes induced by D-galactose.Thirdly,growth factors like gliar cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF),basic fibro-blast growth factor (bFGF)tested by ELISA method and expression of Bax,caspase-3,phospho-extracellu-lar signal-regulated kinese (p-ERK1 /2),phospho-mi-togen-actived protein kinase /extracellular signal-regu-lated kinase kinase (p-MEK1 /2)were taken as indi-cators to discuss the potential protection mechanism. Results Loganin and morroniside exerted certain effects on proliferation of aging astrocytes induced by D-galactose,improving SOD,GDNF,bFGF release and lowering MDA release significantly (P <0.05 ). The expressions of Bax and caspase-3 proteins had no difference between model group and loganin group, morroniside group.While the expressions of p-ERK1 /2,p-MEK1 /2 of loganin group,morroniside group were improved significantly compared with model group.Conclusion Loganin and morroniside have protective effects on aging astrocytes induced by D-ga-lactose,and increase the proliferation ability.Protec-ting their antioxidant systems and improving the expres-sion of p-ERK1 /2,p-MEK1 /2 proteins are possible mechanisms.

Reform of medical genetics teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Medical genetics is the mutual penetrative and combined discipline of genetics and medicine.Medical genetics teaching should be improved to adapt to the discipline development.Teaching reform and practice of medical genetics was developed in basic medical college of Nanjing university of traditional Chinese medicine.Constructive exploration was made in teaching content,teaching techniques,teaching methods,scientific research and performance appraisal standards in order to improve the quality of medical genetics teaching and to train high-quality medical talents.