Levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 are related to cardiopulmonary injury in fetal inflammatory response syndrome

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic value of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio in fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS), and determine a possible association with the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and myocardial injury. METHODS: Overall, 61 cases of preterm infants with FIRS were divided into the FIRS group 1 (≤32 weeks) and FIRS group 2 (32 to 37 weeks). Similarly, 57 cases of normal preterm infants were divided into Control group 1 and Control group 2. Levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), MMP-9, and TIMP-1 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Spearman's linear correlation was used to analyze the relationship between dependent variables. Pathological changes were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and in amniotic fluid smears. RESULTS: Levels of IL-6, MMP-9, and TIMP-1, and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were significantly higher in the FIRS group than in the Control groups. IL-6 was positively correlated with MMP-9, TIMP-1, and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio. Areas under the curve (AUC) of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were 0.92, 0.90, and 0.95, respectively. HE staining and amniotic fluid smears showed the aggregation of inflammatory cells. MMP-9, TIMP-1, and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were closely related to the incidence of BPD (≤32 weeks) and myocardial injury (<37 weeks) in preterm infants. CONCLUSION: MMP-9, TIMP-1, and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio revealed a certain diagnostic value for FIRS; combined with gestational age, these parameters were effective for predicting cardiopulmonary injury.

Research progress on anti-tumor therapy targeting CD47 / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@# CD47是细胞表面高度糖化的穿膜蛋白，是一种“别吃我”信号，可与信号调节蛋白α（SIRPα）等形成CD47-SIRPα抑制 信号复合体，从固有免疫和适应性免疫两方面同时逃避机体的免疫监视。研究发现，CD47在血液肿瘤和多种实体瘤中高表达， 通过与巨噬细胞上的SIRPα配体结合，启动一系列抑制性的信号转导而躲避吞噬，其高水平表达既能促进肿瘤细胞的生长又能 促进肿瘤细胞的转移。通过抗CD47抗体阻断CD47-SIRPα信号通路，达到抑制肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸，增强巨噬细胞的吞噬作用 和适应性免疫应答，是免疫治疗肿瘤的新途径。目前，国内外开展了越来越多靶向CD47-SIRPα的药物或抗体的基础研究和临床 试验，有望从抗体分子设计和重组蛋白等方面解决靶向CD47抗肿瘤治疗时发生的贫血和输液相关不良反应等问题。本文就 CD47的分子结构与生理功能、CD47-SIRPα表达调控机制、CD47抗肿瘤治疗研究现状以及靶向CD47导致的相关生物安全性问 题和解决方案等方面进行综述， 为CD47新靶点的基础研究和临床应用提供参考。