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Objective@#To understand the epidemiological characteristics of physical assault injuries among students in Dalian, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of physical assault injuries among students.@*Methods@#Data of student physical assault injuries came from the Dalian Hospital Injury Monitoring System from 2018 to 2022, descriptive epidemiological methods and Chi square tests were used for statistical analysis.@*Results@#A total of 1 413 cases of physical assault injuries among students were reported, and the sex ratio between male and female was 4.12∶1. The number of reported physical assault injuries dropped from 414 cases in 2018 to 209 cases in 2022. The group of senior middle school/secondary vocational school had the highest proportion of cases (40.13%). Injuries occurred in all months, with the highest number of reported cases in June, October, and November, accounting for 33.97%. The main causes of injuries were blunt instrument injuries and falls, accounting for 70.06% and 23.35% respectively. The proportion of male (71.24%) was significantly higher than female (65.22%) in blunt instrument injuries ( χ 2=3.84, P <0.05). Nearly 75.58% of injuries occurred during leisure time. The main locations of injuries took place in schools and roads, accounting for 51.52% and 23.35% respectively. Contusions and sharp instrument injuries were one of the most common types of injuries, accounting for 67.16% and 22.29% respectively. The main area of injury was concentrated in the head, accounting for 59.52%. Most of injuries were mild and moderate, accounting for 72.26% and 27.60 %, respectively.@*Conclusions@#Schools are the main location for physical assault injuries among students, with boys and middle school students being the most vulnerable populations. Targeted intervention measures should be implemented to effectively reduce the occurrence of physical assault injuries among students.
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Objective@# To analyze the current status, hotspots, and trends in the field of stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue engineering based on bibliometric analysis.@*Methods @# The literature on stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue engineering in animal experiments and clinical studies was searched in the Web of Science core database up to December 31, 2021. The bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature data was carried out by using the "Bibliometrix" package of R language.@*Results @#A total of 304 articles were included, and the number of publications and the citation frequency are increasing. The number of related studies from China ranks first in the world with 166 publications; the institution with the largest number of publications is the Fourth Military Medical University; the author with the largest number of publications is Jin Y; and Tissue Engineering Part A had the most related publications. The hotspots of stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue engineering are mainly focused on tissue engineering and periodontal ligament regeneration, while the frontiers are mainly focused on exosomes, gold nanoparticles, and angiogenesis. @*Conclusion@#Research on stem cell therapies for periodontal tissue engineering continues to expand, and the academic influence is gradually increasing. Future research directions should focus on periodontal ligament regeneration, exosomes, gold nanoparticles and angiogenesis.
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@#Abstract:Objective To predict the structure and function of sterol O⁃acyltransferase 1(SOAT1)related to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)by using bioinformatics tools,in order to understand its mechanism as the marker and therapeutic target of S⁃Ⅲ subtype. Methods The structure,function and protein interaction of SOAT1 were predicted and analyzed by using databases or softwares such as NCBI,STRING,Protscale,SignalP,TMHMM,PSORT,SOPMA,SWISS ⁃ MODEL, NetNGlyc,NetOGlyc,Netphos and ProtParam. Results The protein encoded by SOAT1 was a hydrophobic protein with good stability,which was a nonclassical pathway protein with 8 transmembrane regions,mainly distributed among the cell membrane. SOAT1 was expressed in many tissues,while most of them in the adrenal gland,which showed multiple phosphorylation sites and was mainly involved in the synthesis and catabolism of cholesterol. Conclusion Bioinformatics analysis of structure and function of SOAT1 showed that SOAT1 lipid synthesis and catabolism pathways played an important role,and lipid expression was closely related to the development of cancer,indicating that the treatment of HCC may be achieved by regulating the expression of SOAT1 gene.
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Transient forebrain ischemia-reperfusion(I/R);Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF);Histone deacetylase 3(HDAC3);Hippocampus@#Objective To evaluate the effect of transient forebrain ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)on the binding of brainderived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)promoters to histone deacetylase 3(HDAC3)in the hippocampus of rat and investigate its mechanism.Methods The I/R model of SD rats(I/R group)was established by Pulsinelli four-vessel clamping method,and sham operation group(Sham group)was set at the same time,which were observed for the survival of neurons in the hippocampus of rats by Nissl staining,detected for the binding of BDNF promoters(Bdnf-p1,Bdnf-p2,Bdnf-p4 and Bdnf-p6)to HDAC3 by chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)and determined for the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor antisense(BDNF-AS)by qPCR.Results Compared with Sham group,the quantity of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region of rats decreased significantly in I/R group,while those in CA3 region and DG region showed no significant changes.The binding levels of Bdnf-p1 and Bdnf-p2 to HDAC3 in hippocampal CA1 region decreased significantly in I/R Group(t = 2.575 and 2.241 respectively,each P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the binding levels of Bdnf-p4 and Bdnf-p6 to HDAC3(t = 1.033 and 0.348 respectively,each P>0.05);The binding levels of Bdnf-p1 and Bdnf-p2 to HDAC3 in CA3 region increased significantly(t = 12.600 and 3.191,P<0.001 and<0.05,respectively),while the binding level of Bdnf-p6 to HDAC3 decreased significantly(t = 4.029,P<0.05)and no significant difference was observed in the binding level of Bdnf-p4 to HDAC3(t = 0.175,P>0.05);In DG region,the binding level of each BDNF promoter to HDAC3 showed no significantly difference(t = 0.630 ~ 1.687,each P>0.05).Meanwhile,the expression level of BDNF-AS in hippocampal CA1 region of rats decreased significantly(t = 2.560,P<0.05),but increased significantly in hippocampal CA3 and DG regions(t = 3.543 and 3.637 respectively,each P<0.01)in I/R group.Conclusion I/R showed a significant effect on the binding level of BDNF promoter to HDAC3 in rat hippocampus,which may play a role by changing the expression level of BDNF-AS.
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ABSTRACT Introduction Sports injuries in soccer are hardly avoided due to the characteristics of battles, such as intense conflict and high-level competitiveness related to soccer. Objective Investigate the most common sports injuries in professional soccer players. Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out with 365 valid returns, including 198 male and 177 female professional soccer players. Data were collected and distributed using Excel software. Results Among sports injuries in professional soccer athletes, minor injuries are more frequent, and the lower limbs are the most affected. The subjective cause of these injuries is mainly overwork. Among the objective causes, many injuries caused by the sports characteristics of soccer are inevitable, having a strong connection with the intrinsic factors of the sport. Treating injuries combines traditional Chinese medicine with the advantages of Western medicine. Conclusion It is recommended that athletes focus constantly on their injuries while playing the sport. Coaches should verify the safety of the athletes, taking precautions to reduce injuries as much as possible and improve the athlete's competitive level, prolonging his professional activity. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução As lesões esportivas do futebol dificilmente são evitadas devido as características de batalhas como o intenso conflito e a competitividade de alto nível relacionadas ao futebol. Objetivo Investigar as lesões esportivas mais acometidas nos jogadores profissionais de futebol. Métodos Efetuou-se uma pesquisa por questionário com 365 retornos válidos, incluindo 198 homens e 177 mulheres profissionais do esporte. Os dados foram coletados e distribuídos através do software Excel. Resultados Entre as lesões esportivas de atletas profissionais de futebol, as lesões de menor grau são mais frequentes, sendo os membros inferiores os mais afetados. A causa subjetiva dessas lesões é principalmente o excesso de trabalho. Entre as causas objetivas, muitas lesões causadas pelas características esportivas do futebol são inevitáveis, possuindo uma forte conexão com os fatores intrínsecos do esporte. Atualmente, o tratamento das lesões tende a combinar a medicina tradicional chinesa com as vantagens da medicina ocidental. Conclusão Recomenda-se aos atletas um foco constante durante a prática o esporte. Os treinadores devem verificar a segurança dos atletas, tomando precauções para reduzir ao máximo as lesões e melhorar o nível competitivo do atleta, prolongando sua atividade profissional. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción Las lesiones deportivas en el fútbol son difícilmente evitables debido a las características de las batallas como el intenso conflicto y la alta competitividad relacionada con el fútbol. Objetivo Investigar las lesiones deportivas más comunes en los futbolistas profesionales. Métodos Se llevó a cabo una encuesta con 365 respuestas válidas, incluyendo 198 jugadores y 177 jugadoras de fútbol profesional. Los datos se recogieron y distribuyeron mediante el programa informático Excel. Resultados Entre las lesiones deportivas en los atletas de fútbol profesional, las lesiones menores son más frecuentes, y los miembros inferiores son los más afectados. La causa subjetiva de estas lesiones es principalmente el exceso de trabajo. Entre las causas objetivas, son inevitables muchas lesiones provocadas por las características deportivas del fútbol, que tienen una fuerte relación con los factores intrínsecos del deporte. Actualmente, el tratamiento de las lesiones tiende a combinar la medicina tradicional china con las ventajas de la medicina occidental. Conclusión Se recomienda a los atletas una concentración constante durante la práctica del deporte. Los entrenadores deben verificar la seguridad de los deportistas, tomando precauciones para reducir al máximo las lesiones, y mejorar el nivel competitivo del deportista, prolongando su actividad profesional. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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Purpose: To investigate the role and mechanism of ß1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-3 gene (B3GNT3) in esophageal cancer (ESCA). Methods: The starBase database was used to evaluate the expression of B3GNT3. B3GNT3 function was measured using KYSE-30 and KYSE-410 cells of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines. The mRNA levels were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell counting kit-8, clone formation assay and transwell assay were used to detect the changes of proliferation, invasion and migration. Results: B3GNT3 expression was higher in ESCA tissues than in normal tissues. The overall survival rate of ESCA patients with high B3GNT3 expression was lower than that of ESCA patients with low B3GNT3 expression. In vitro functional experiments showed that the proliferation ability, migration and invasion ability of KYSE-30 and KYSE-410 cells with B3GNT3 interference were lower than those of the control, and the overexpression of B3GNT3 had the opposite effect. After silencing B3GNT3 expression in ESCC cell lines, the growth of both cell lines was inhibited and the invasiveness was decreased. Knockdown of B3GNT3 reduced the growth rate and Ki-67 expression level. Conclusion: B3GNT3, as an oncogene, may promote the growth, invasion and migration of ESCC cell.
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Oncogenes , N-Acetilglucosaminiltransferases/análise , Ensaios de Migração Celular , Transcriptoma , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago , Neoplasias Esofágicas/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
ABSTRACT Introduction Although Chinese soccer has experienced many updates in its methods, there is still a large gap in players' physical endurance compared to the world powers. Therefore, strengthening soccer players' physical endurance through specific training methods is important in optimizing current performance. Objective Study the application of functional training in soccer players' physical conditioning. Methods 20 junior soccer physical education student-athletes in colleges and universities were selected as the research object. The global functional training was divided into three stages: practice, adaptation, and promotion. Data were compared, integrated, and analyzed before and after the intervention. Results Conducting targeted functional training for soccer players can effectively increase athletes' physical endurance, reducing sports injuries and improving overall fitness scores at the technical and stability level. Conclusion From the research of this article, it can be seen that there is a lack of physical fitness and technical strength in Chinese soccer today. The performance of targeted functional training is relevant and should be applied to soccer training. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução Embora o futebol chines tenha experimentado muitas atualizações em seus métodos, ainda há uma grande discrepância em termos de resistência física dos jogadores quando comparados às potências mundiais. Portanto, fortalecer a resistência física dos jogadores de futebol através de métodos específicos de treinamento é um importante fator para a otimização do desempenho atual. Objetivo Estudar a aplicação do treinamento funcional no condicionamento físico dos jogadores de futebol. Métodos 20 atletas estudantes de educação física de futebol júnior em faculdades e universidades foram selecionados como objeto de pesquisa. A formação funcional global foi dividida em três etapas: estágio de prática, fase de adaptação e etapa de promoção. Os dados foram comparados, integrados e analisados antes e após a intervenção. Resultados A realização de treinamentos funcionais direcionados para jogadores de futebol pode efetivamente aumentar a resistência física dos atletas, reduzindo a ocorrência de lesões esportivas e melhorando a pontuação geral do condicionamento físico a nível técnico e de estabilidade. Conclusão A partir da pesquisa deste artigo, pode-se ver que há falta de aptidão física e força técnica no futebol chinês atual. A realização de treinamento funcional direcionado é relevante e merece ser aplicado ao treinamento de futebol. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción Aunque el fútbol chino ha experimentado muchas actualizaciones en sus métodos, sigue habiendo una gran discrepancia en cuanto a la resistencia física de los jugadores si se compara con las potencias mundiales. Por lo tanto, reforzar la resistencia física de los futbolistas mediante métodos de entrenamiento específicos es un factor importante para optimizar el rendimiento actual. Objetivo Estudiar la aplicación del entrenamiento funcional en el acondicionamiento físico de los futbolistas. Métodos Se seleccionaron como objeto de investigación 20 estudiantes atletas de educación física de fútbol juvenil en colegios y universidades. El entrenamiento funcional global se dividió en tres etapas: etapa de práctica, etapa de adaptación y etapa de promoción. Los datos se compararon, integraron y analizaron antes y después de la intervención. Resultados La realización de un entrenamiento funcional específico para los futbolistas puede aumentar eficazmente la resistencia física de los deportistas, reduciendo la aparición de lesiones deportivas y mejorando la puntuación global de la aptitud a nivel técnico y de estabilidad. Conclusión De la investigación de este artículo se desprende que en el fútbol chino actual hay una falta de aptitud física y de fuerza técnica. El rendimiento del entrenamiento funcional dirigido es relevante y merece ser aplicado al entrenamiento del fútbol. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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ABSTRACT Introduction The improvement of soccer sports skills depends on many training efforts and is closely related to intrinsic scientific methods. Attention to the integral quality of the lower limb muscles and the performance of specific exercises of technical movements is essential to reach the optimal state of physical performance in players. Objective Analyze the kinematic effect of lower limb movement techniques in soccer training. Methods 10 athletes were marked with reflective spheres and submitted to the kinematic training method of the lower limbs designed by the coaches in 60 minutes, three times a week, for six weeks. Before and after the experiment, data captured by reflective spheres were captured, compared, classified, and analyzed. Results Kinematic training can effectively optimize movement time, swing amplitude, swing angle, and other aspects of lower limb mechanical structure, thus improving energy expenditure and making the movement concise, conveying strength and precision. Conclusion Trainers should seriously study the principles of applied kinematic analysis and optimize the training program from a scientific point of view because the athletic level of athletes is significantly improved with this real-time feedback. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução O aprimoramento das habilidades esportivas do futebol depende de muitos esforços de treinamento e está intimamente relacionado com métodos científicos intrínsecos. Atenção na qualidade integral dos músculos dos membros inferiores e a realização de exercícios específicos de movimentos técnicos é essencial para atingir o estado ótimo da performance física nos jogadores. Objetivo Analisar o efeito cinemático das técnicas de movimento dos membros inferiores no treinamento de futebol. Métodos 10 atletas foram marcados com esferas reflexivas e submetidos ao método de treinamento cinemático dos membros inferiores desenhado pelos treinadores num período de 60 minutos, três vezes por semana, durante 6 semanas. Antes e depois do experimento, os dados capturados por esferas reflexivas foram capturados, comparados, classificados e analisados. Resultados O treinamento cinemático pode otimizar efetivamente o tempo de movimento, amplitude de balanço, ângulo de balanço e outros aspectos da estrutura mecânica dos membros inferiores, melhorando assim o dispêndio energético e tornando o movimento conciso, transmitindo força e precisão. Conclusão Os treinadores devem estudar seriamente os princípios da análise cinemática aplicada, otimizar o programa de treinamento do ponto de vista científico, pois o nível esportivo dos atletas é melhorado significativamente com a adição desse feedback em tempo real. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos desfechos do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción La mejora de las capacidades deportivas en el fútbol depende de muchos esfuerzos de entrenamiento y está estrechamente relacionada con métodos científicos intrínsecos. La atención sobre la calidad integral de los músculos de los miembros inferiores y la realización de ejercicios específicos de movimientos técnicos es esencial para alcanzar el estado óptimo del rendimiento físico en los jugadores. Objetivo Analizar el efecto cinemático de las técnicas de movimiento del miembro inferior en el entrenamiento de fútbol. Métodos 10 atletas fueron marcados con esferas reflectantes y sometidos al método de entrenamiento cinemático de los miembros inferiores diseñado por los entrenadores en un período de 60 minutos, tres veces por semana, durante 6 semanas. Antes y después del experimento, se capturaron, compararon, clasificaron y analizaron los datos captados por las esferas reflectantes. Resultados El entrenamiento cinemático puede optimizar eficazmente el tiempo de movimiento, la amplitud del balanceo, el ángulo de balanceo y otros aspectos de la estructura mecánica de las extremidades inferiores, mejorando así el gasto de energía y haciendo que el movimiento sea conciso, transmitiendo fuerza y precisión. Conclusión Los entrenadores deberían estudiar seriamente los principios del análisis cinemático aplicado, optimizar el programa de entrenamiento desde un punto de vista científico, ya que el nivel atlético de los deportistas mejora significativamente con la incorporación de esta información en tiempo real. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapêuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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@#Abstract: Objective This article aims to present a rare case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) complicated by with bacteraemia caused by Campylobacter jejuni, and to discuss the pathogenic characteristics, culture methods, clinical features and treatment points of Campylobacter jejuni and the patient's outcome, with a view to raising clinical awareness of blood culture and providing experience for the treatment of this disease. Methods The clinical data of a case with SFTS complicated by bacteremia caused by Campylobacter jejuni admitted to Weihai Municipal Hospital were collected and the diagnostic process of the pathogenic bacteria as well as the treatment plan were retrospectively analysed. Results The patient was a female who had been bitten by a tick bite half a month ago and presented to the hospital on 30th August with a fever, vague pain in the peribulbar abdomen and diarrhea for 5 days. Laboratory tests showed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and nucleic acid detection for SFTS was positive, resulting in a diagnosis of SFTS. After a week of antiviral treatment with ribavirin and symptomatic treatment, the patient suddenly experienced high fever at night, with a temperature reaching 39.5 °C. Blood cultures were immediately taken from both sides of the double bottle. Bilateral anaerobic bottles were tested for positive after 53.06 hours, and Gram-negative Campylobacter was cultured anaerobically in a transfer blood plate and further identified as Campylobacter jejuni using mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF MS. Vancomycin was stopped clinically on the basis of bacterial pathogenesis and meropenem was used for anti-infection and symptomatic treatment. During the treatment, blood culture and nucleic acid detection for SFTS turned negative, and the patient's symptoms improved. After normal results were achieved in the follow-up testing, the patient was discharged. Conclusions This case serves as a reminder that Campylobacter jejuni not only causes intestinal infections, but can also lead to extra-intestinal infections in immunocompromised individuals. Clinical and laboratory personnel should increase their recognition of Campylobacter jejuni, prioritize blood culture methods, and utilize a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and treatment.
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@#Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics (season, age, gender, mixed infection and clinical manifestations, etc.) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in children in Hainan Province, so as to provide epidemiological evidence-based medical basis for the prevention and control of MP infection in children in Hainan Province. Methods The serum IgM antibodies of MP, Legionella pneumophila, Chlamydia pneumoniae, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Q fever Rickettsia, parainfluenza virus, influenza A virus and influenza B virus in children with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) who were hospitalized in pediatrics of many hospitals in Hainan Province from March 2012 to February 2020 were detected by indirect immunofluorescence method. The positive serum MP-IgM antibody was defined as MP infection. The epidemiological and clinical data of MP infected cases were analyzed retrospectively. Results From March, 2012 to February, 2020, a total of 35 731 qualified pediatric inpatients with RTIs in many hospitals in Hainan Province were tested for serum MP-IgM with the total positive rate of 39.12% (13 978/35 731). The yearly positive rates of MP-IgM from 2012 to 2020 were 48.39%, 56.23%, 56.62%, 47.04%, 29.71%, 24.14%, 47.55%, 36.84% and 24.46% respectively. The positive rates of MP-IgM in 2013 and 2014 were significantly higher than those in other years (P<0.05). The positive rate of MP-IgM in summer in Hainan Province was the highest (41.34%) and the lowest in winter (35.77%) (P<0.05). MP infection occurred in all age groups, the positive rate of MP-IgM in children of preschool (51.80%) was significantly higher than that in other age groups (P<0.01), and the positive rate of MP IgM in children of infancy (15.36%) was lower than that in other age groups (P<0.01). The positive rate of MP-IgM in female was 44.77%, which was significantly higher than that in male (35.83%) (P<0.05). MP infection combined with positive IgM of another pathogen accounted for 32.63% (4 561 cases), positive IgM of another two pathogens accounted for 1.26% (176 cases). MP infection was mostly found in pneumonia (68.73%), and the main clinical symptoms were cough (84.72%), fever (51.01%) and wheezing (3.16%). Conclusions MP is an important pathogen of respiratory tract infection in children in Hainan Province, and infection is more common in children in early school age and early childhood. Mp-specific tests should be performed to identify the pathogen in children suspected of MP infection. In the high incidence season, health education should be strengthened in kindergartens, schools and other places to prevent respiratory tract infection.
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@#Abstract: TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway has a wide range of biological activities and plays an important roles in regulating cell growth, adhesion, differentiation, cell dynamic balance, and immune responses. The higher activity of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway may promote scar formation, organ fibrosis, immunosuppression, and late-stage cancer progression, while low activity may lead to inflammation, dysplasia, poor healing and oncogenesis. The function of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway is extremely complex and can exhibit inhibitory or enhancing effects on immunity and inflammation under different circumstances, but immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects are dominant. During HIV infection, the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway interacts with HIV in a complex manner as HIV proteins tat and gp120 can induce TGF-β expression. Meanwhile, this signaling pathway may also play a role in HIV infection and replication, latent virus reservoir, host immune deficiency and HIV-related inflammation. It is worth noting that even though TGF-β, which mainly exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, is induced by HIV, high levels of TGF-β do not seem to inhibit HIV-related inflammation. So far, the relationship between TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and HIV infection has not been elucidated, and its role and mechanism in HIV infection and related illnesses need further exploration and validation. This review summarizes the relevant research progress on the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and HIV infection, and provides a reference for further understanding of HIV pathogenesis and exploring strategies of AIDS treatment.
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BACKGROUND: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked lethal genetic disorder for which there is no effective treatment. Previous studies have shown that stem cell transplantation into mdx mice can promote muscle regeneration and improve muscle function, however, the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. DMD suffers varying degrees of hypoxic damage during disease progression. This study aimed to investigate whether induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have protective effects against hypoxia-induced skeletal muscle injury. RESULTS: In this study, we co-cultured iPSCs with C2C12 myoblasts using a Transwell nested system and placed them in a DG250 anaerobic workstation for oxygen deprivation for 24 h. We found that iPSCs reduced the levels of lactate dehydrogenase and reactive oxygen species and downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of BAX/BCL2 and LC3II/ LC3I in hypoxia-induced C2C12 myoblasts. Meanwhile, iPSCs decreased the mRNA and protein levels of atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 and increased myotube width. Furthermore, iPSCs downregulated the phosphorylation of AMPKA and ULK1 in C2C12 myotubes exposed to hypoxic damage. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that iPSCs enhanced the resistance of C2C12 myoblasts to hypoxia and inhibited apoptosis and autophagy in the presence of oxidative stress. Further, iPSCs improved hypoxia-induced autophagy and atrophy of C2C12 myotubes through the AMPK/ULK1 pathway. This study may provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of muscular dystrophy in stem cells.
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Animais , Camundongos , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas , Atrofia/metabolismo , Atrofia/patologia , Autofagia , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos mdx , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas/metabolismo , Hipóxia/metabolismoRESUMO
ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical activity is accomplished by the coordination of various organ systems of the human body, and physical exercise can positively impact the activities of many of these systems. Because the impact of high-intensity sports on human organs is different according to the environmental temperature and exercise intensity, we must make more detailed observations and discussions. Objective: To analyze the changes in the body shape, function, and organ function of middle school students before and after high-intensity physical exercise through the study of human movement. Methods: Through the experimental research on the characteristics of metabolic gas exchanges in high-intensity incremental load exercise of college students. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of physiological reactions shown by the students who underwent high-intensity incremental load exercise, such as abdominal pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, nausea, dizziness, and muscle aches (P<0.05). Hypothermia was accompanied by a decrease in heart rate during exercise. Conclusion: Carrying out overload training can effectively mediate physiological functions. It is an important, in improving sports performance, to carry out warm-up activities in a low-temperature environment to increase body temperature. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESUMO Introdução: A atividade física acontece por meio coordenação de vários sistemas de órgãos do corpo humano, e os exercícios físicos podem ter impacto positivo nas atividades de vários desses sistemas. Uma vez que o impacto de esportes de alta intensidade nos órgãos humanos é diferente de acordo com a temperatura do ambiente e com a intensidade do exercício, é necessário realizar observações e discussões mais detalhadas. Objetivo: Analisar as mudanças de forma e função do corpo, e das funções dos órgãos de alunos universitários antes e depois de atividade física de alta intensidade, através do estudo do movimento humano. Métodos: Pesquisa experimental sobre as características da troca gasosa em exercícios de alta intensidade com aumento gradual de carga em alunos universitários. Resultados: Houve diferenças estatísticas significativas na incidência de reações fisiológicas dos estudantes que passaram pela atividade de alta intensidade com aumento gradual de carga, incluindo dores abdominais, dispneia, taquicardia, náusea, tonturas, e dores musculares (p<0,05). Na presença de hipotermia havia uma queda na frequência cardíaca durante os exercícios. Conclusão: Exercícios de sobrecarga podem mediar funções fisiológicas eficientemente. Para melhorar a performance esportiva em ambientes de baixa temperatura é importante realizar exercícios de aquecimento para aumentar a temperatura do corpo. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: La actividad física ocurre por medio de la coordinación de varios sistemas de órganos del cuerpo humano y los ejercicios físicos pueden tener impacto positivo en las actividades de varios de estos sistemas. Dado que el impacto de deportes de alta intensidad en los órganos humanos es diferente de acuerdo con la temperatura del ambiente y con la intensidad del ejercicio, es necesario realizar observaciones y discusiones más detalladas. Objetivo: Analizar los cambios de forma y función del cuerpo, y de las funciones de los órganos de alumnos universitarios antes y después de la actividad física de alta intensidad, a través del estudio del movimiento humano. Métodos: Investigación experimental sobre las características del intercambio de gases en ejercicios de alta intensidad con aumento gradual de carga en alumnos universitarios. Resultados: Hubo diferencias estadísticas significativas en la incidencia de reacciones fisiológicas de los estudiantes que pasaron por la actividad de alta intensidad con aumento gradual de carga, incluyendo dolores abdominales, disnea, taquicardia, náuseas, mareos y dolor muscular (p<0,05). En la presencia de hipotermia se produjo un descenso cardíaco durante los ejercicios. Conclusión: Los ejercicios de sobrecarga pueden mediar las funciones fisiológicas eficientemente. Para mejorar el rendimiento deportivo en ambientes de baja temperatura es importante realizar ejercicios de calentamiento para aumentar la temperatura corporal. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados de tratamiento.
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Objective:To investigate age-related histological and ultrastructural changes of the pancreas in Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats, and to provide a theoretical basis for the high incidence of pancreatic diseases in the elderly.Methods:Thirty 6-month-old specific pathogen-free male SD rats were fed until 6, 12, 18 and 25 months of age.Five rats of each age group were randomly selected, killed and then sampled to make histological(HE staining)and electron microscopic sections to observe age-related changes in pancreatic histology and ultrastructure.Results:The pancreatic tissue of rats showed increasing fibrosis with age, especially around the duct.Fat infiltration of the pancreatic tissue also increased with age( H=15.88, P=0.001). With the increase of age, the number(density)of pancreatic islets decreased gradually( F=3.55, P=0.039), but the average cross-sectional area of islets increased significantly( F=7.76, P=0.002), and the round and oval islets became irregular.Nuclear pyknosis, mitochondrial dehydration, mitochondrial swelling, and dilatation and loose organization of rough endoplasmic reticula were observed in the cytoplasm of pancreatic acinar cells and islet beat cells in aged rats.With the increase of age, the number of zymogen granules at the apical pole of pancreatic acinar cells of rats decreased( F=9.73, P<0.001), and the average area and total area of granules were significantly decreased( F=6.51, P=0.001; F=22.18, P<0.001); The number of non-senescent mitochondria and senescent mitochondria in the cytoplasm of acinar cells increased significantly( H=8.22, P=0.045; H=32.95, P<0.001); The amount of proinsulin in islet beta cells was significantly decreased( F=16.20, P<0.001). Conclusions:With aging, the rat pancreas exhibits a series of degenerative manifestations(stromal hyperplasia, adipose tissue infiltration, decreased numbers of zymogen granules in acinar cells, increases in the number of senescent mitochondria, reduced islets and reduced proinsulin in islet beta cells), while there are some compensatory phenomena(increasing numbers of islets and non-senescent mitochondria).
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Objective To investigate the role of zinc finger protein 36,C3H type-like 1 (ZFP36L1) mediating astrocytes activation in the degeneration of motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods Superoxide dismutase 1 (S0D1)-G93A transgenic mice were used as animal models, the wild-type littermates as the control (13 mice were taken from mutant and wild-type mice at each time point) . The ZFP36L1 mRNA and protein levels of the spinal cord in the early, middle and late stage were detected by Real-time PGR and Western blotting. The expression and distribution of ZFP36L1 in the spinal cord were detected by immunofluorescence. Primary astrocyte model was established from 15 postnatal 1-2 day mice. The ZFP36L1 mRNA and protein levels in astrocytes were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blotting. Si-ZFP36L1 was transfected into SOD1-G93A mutant primary astrocytes. The transfection efficiency was detected by Western blotting. Tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) secreted from astrocytes after transfection were assessed by Western blotting and ELISA. After silencing ZFP36L1 in SOD1-G93A mutant primary astrocytes, it was cocultured with SOD1-G93A mutant NSC34 cells. 5 ' -ethynyl-2' deoxyuridine (EdU) test and the level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were used to determine the effect of ZFP36L1 on NSC34 cell proliferation. TUNEL test and the level of cleaved-Caspase-3 were used to determine the effect of ZFP36L1 on NSC34 cell apoptosis. Blank small interfering RNA(siRNA) was transfected as the control group. Results Compared with the wild-type mice, the mRNA and protein levels of ZFP36L1 were downregulated in the spinal cord of SOD1-G93A transgenic mice. In wild type mice, ZFP36L1 positive cells were mainly [
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Background: Conopeptides from cone snail venom have aroused great interest related to the discovery of novel bioactive candidates, due to their excellent prospects for the treatment of various health problems such as pain, addiction, psychosis and epilepsy. In order to explore novel biopeptides, we investigated the structure and function of five novel conopeptides isolated from the venom of Conus marmoreus from South China Sea. Methods: C. marmoreus crude venom was prepared, fractionated and purified by HPLC system. The primary sequences of the five novel disulfide-poor conopeptides Mr-1 to Mr-5 were identified by comprehensive analysis of de novo MALDI-TOF tandem mass spectrometry and Edman degradation data. In order to investigate their function, these five conopeptides were synthesized by Fmoc-SPPS chemistry, and their biological effects at several heterologous rat nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes (α1β1δε, α3β2, α3β4, α4β2) were determined by electrophysiological technique. Results: Five novel disulfide-poor conopeptides were identified and named as follows: Mr-1 (DWEYHAHPKPNSFWT), Mr-2 (YPTRAYPSNKFG), Mr-3 (NVIQAPAQSVAPP NTST), Mr-4 [KENVLNKLKSK(L/I)] and Mr-5 [NAVAAAN(L/I)PG(L/I)V]. None of them contains a disulfide bond. The sequences of conopeptides Mr-2 to Mr-5 do not belong to any category of the known disulfide-poor conopeptides. No significant activity against the above nAChR subtypes were observed for the five conopeptides at 100 µM. Conclusion: We purified and structurally characterized five novel disulfide-poor conopeptides from C. marmoreus crude venom and first investigated their nAChR inhibitory effects. This work expanded our knowledge on the structure and function of disulfide-poor conopeptides from this cone snail venom.(AU)
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Animais , Conotoxinas/isolamento & purificação , Dissulfetos/efeitos adversos , Venenos de Moluscos , Espectrometria de MassasRESUMO
Abstract Objective To analyze the Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase subunit Alpha-2 (P4HA2) expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma (LAUD). Methods The authors assessed P4HA2 expression in the LUAD tumor ecosystem using single-cell analysis. The authors analyzed the relationship between P4HA2 expression and clinical features in LUAD and Brain Metastasis (BM) cases. The authors assessed the biological functions of P4HA2 using The Cancer Genome Atlas-LUAD dataset. Results P4HA2 was more highly expressed in fibroblasts than in epithelial cells in normal lung and lung adenocarcinoma tissues (p < 0.001). P4HA2 was more highly expressed in malignant epithelial cells than in fibroblasts in the BM tissue (p = 0.002). P4HA2 expression was significantly higher in female cases than in male cases (p = 0.049) and was related to lymph node metastasis (p = 0.019) and a higher TNM stage (p = 0.020). High P4HA2 expression indicated a poor prognosis and served as an independent prognostic risk factor in lung cancer. P4HA2 was mainly enriched in the extracellular matrix organization, NADH regeneration, and canonical glycolysis. P4HA2 expression was negatively correlated with naive B cells, T-cells, CD8, and activated natural killer cells, but positively correlated with CD4 memory-activated T cells, regulatory T-cells, resting dendritic cells, and dendritic cell activation. P4HA2 messenger RNA expression was correlated with programmed death-ligand 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. Conclusion P4HA2 is highly expressed in LUAD tumor cells, especially for the BM subtype, and is a valuable prognostic indicator of LUAD. It may be involved in a biological activity of distant metastasis of LUAD tumor cells and serve as a potential treatment target.
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Purpose: To explore the neuroprotective effects of Lutongkeli (LTKL) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and detect the related mechanism. Methods: TBI model was established with LTKL administration (2 and 4 g/kg/d, p.o.). Motor function of rats was examined by Rotarod test. Nissl staining was used to show neuron morphology. Furthermore, the disease-medicine common targets were obtained with the network pharmacology and analyzed with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Lastly, the predicted targets were validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: After LTKL administration, neural behavior was significantly improved, and the number of spared neurons in brain was largely increased. Moreover, 68 bioactive compounds were identified, corresponding to 148 LTKL targets; 2,855 genes were closely associated with TBI, of which 87 overlapped with the LTKL targets and were considered to be therapeutically relevant. Functional enrichment analysis suggested LTKL exerted its pharmacological effects in TBI by modulating multiple pathways including apoptosis, inflammation, etc. Lastly, we found LTKL administration could increase the mRNA level of Bcl-2 and decrease the expression of Bax and caspase-3. Conclusions: This study reported the neuroprotective effect of LTKL against TBI is accompanied with anti-apoptosis mechanism, which provides a scientific explanation for the clinical application of LTKL in the treatment of TBI.
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Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/administração & dosagem , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/terapia , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Medicina Tradicional ChinesaRESUMO
Abstract Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of neuropathologic damage induced by radiofrequency ablation at different temperatures. Methods This is basic research, and 36 SD rats were used to construct the neuropathological injury model. The rats were subjected to radiofrequency stimulation at different temperatures and were divided into 6 groups according to the temperature injury: 42°, 47°, 52°, 57°, 62°, and 67°C groups. Conduction time, conduction distance, and nerve conduction velocity were recorded after temperature injury. HE-staining was used to observe the histopathological morphology of the sciatic nerve. The expression of SCN9A, SCN3B, and NFASC protein in sciatic nerve tissue were detected by western blot. Results With the increase in temperature, nerve conduction velocity gradually decreased, and neurons were damaged when the temperature was 67°C. HE-staining showed that the degrees of degeneration of neurons in rats at 47°, 52°, 57°, 62°, and 67°C were gradually increased. The expression of SCN9A, SCN3B protein in 57°, 62°, 67°C groups were much higher than that of NC, 42°, 47°, 52°C groups. However, the expression of NFASC protein in 57°, 62°, 67°C groups was much lower than that of the NC, 42°, 47°, 52°C groups. Conclusion There was a positive correlation between temperature caused by the radiofrequency stimulation to neuropathological damage. The mechanism is closely related to the expression of SCN9A, SCN3B, and NFASC protein in nerve tissue caused by heat transfer injury.