RESUMO
Osteoporosis （OP） is a skeletal metabolic disease characterized by bone loss and destruction of bone microstructure. Changes in estrogen levels are not the only pathogenic factors for the occurrence and development of OP. MicroRNA （miRNA） plays an important regulatory role in cells. The complementary sequences of miRNA and targeted mRNA combine to inhibit the expression of targeted mRNA through post-transcriptional regulation， forming a complex regulatory network. Research suggests that miRNA is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases， including inflammatory diseases， metabolic diseases， and cancer. Targeted mRNA participates in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation in OP， mainly regulating the balance among bone construction， bone resorption， and osteoblast differentiation. Therefore， miRNA-based gene therapy is a rapidly developing disease treatment strategy. Traditional Chinese medicine can improve bone metabolism by intervening in miRNA differential expression to target and regulate osteogenic/osteoclast differentiation. This article summarized the targeting effects of miRNAs in physiological and developmental processes such as bone cell proliferation， differentiation， survival， and apoptosis， reviewed and classified their mechanisms of action and targets， and sorted out the current treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine for preventing and treating OP and drugs that exert bone protective functions through miRNAs. This review is expected to provide theoretical reference and research guidance for future research on OP treatment by regulating miRNA.
RESUMO
【Objective】 To analyze the literature on the relationship between gut microbiota and bone metabolism, identify the current research hotspots and difficulties, and provide research ideas and directions for the clinical prevention and treatment of bone metabolism related diseases. 【Methods】 Based on the Citespace literature visualization analysis software, the co-occurrence and cluster analysis of keywords and other information of the included 394 literatures were performed, and the visual map was drawn. 【Results】 Among the included literatures, the keywords such as inflammatory bowel disease, T cells, dendritic cells, short-chain fatty acids, and chronic kidney disease appeared with high frequency. The cluster of intestinal alkaline phosphatase, metabolic osteoarthritis, dendritic cells, and signaling pathway was the current research hotspot. Recent years have witnessed a rapid increase in published articles in this field, with the United States as the leading origin. 【Conclusion】 The mechanism by which gut microbiota interferes with the immune system and regulates bone metabolism to maintain bone homeostasis is still the core of current research.