Identification of C-geranylated flavonoids from Paulownia catalpifolia Gong Tong fruits by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS and their anti-aging effects on 2BS cells induced by HO / 中国天然药物

The fruits of Paulownia catalpifolia Gong Tong are used as a Chinese folk herbal medicine for the treatment of enteritis, tonsillitis, bronchitis, and dysentery, etc. Our previous study has identified new C-geranylated flavanones with obvious anti-proliferative effects in lung cancer A549 cells. In the present study, a new C-geranylated flavone, paucatalinone C (1) and five known C-geranylated flavanones (2-6) were isolated. In addition, a total of 34 C-geranylated flavonoids were detected by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS coupling techniques from the CHCl extract of P. catalpifolia. Futhermore, anti-aging effects of isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro with premature senescent 2BS cells induced by HO. Phytochemical results indicated that P. catalpifolia was a natural resource of abundant C-geranylated flavonoids. Diplacone (3) and paucatalinone A (5) were the potent anti-aging agents in the premature senescent 2BS cells induced by HO and the C-geranyl substituent may be an important factor because of its lipophilic character.

Ubiquitin-proteasome system regulates adipogenic differentiation by stabi-lizing HSP90-dependent PPARγ / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To investigate the role of ubiquitin-proteasome system ( UPS) in adipocyte differentiation. METHODS:Differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into adipocytes was induced by treatment with insulin, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and dexamethasone.Western blot and immunoprecipitation were performed to detect the protein abundances and association, respectively.Oil red O staining was used to determine the intracellular lipid of 3T3-L1 adipocytes.The levels of mRNA were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) .RESULTS:UPS inhibitor bortezomib (BZM) suppressed the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes, evidenced by reduced intracellular content of triglyceride, and decreased mRNA expression of adipogenic marker proteins such as adiponectin and adipocyte protein 2.In contrast, administration of sildenafil (SDN), an activator of protein kinase G which was also found to activate UPS, promo-ted adipocyte differentiation.In addition, BZM treatment decreased the expression of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ( PPARγ) in the soluble fraction and reduced association of HSP90 and PPARγ.Furthermore, HSP90-specific N-terminal inhibitor geldanamic mitigated SDN-induced increase in PPARγlevel and 3T3-L1 cell differentiation.CONCLUSION:UPS modulates HSP90-dependent PPARγstability, thus leading to pro-motion of adipocyte differentiation.

All-trans retinoic acid suppresses proliferation of breast cancer cells through DOK1/PPARγpathway / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the potential effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and its underlying mechanism.METHODS:Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were in-cubated in DMEM supplemented with 10%fetal bovine serum and 1%penicillin/streptomycin.Western blot was performed to detect the protein expression and its phosphorylation.MTT assay and bromodeoxyuridine ( BrdU) incorporation, and TUNEL staining were carried out to determine the cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively.Lentivirus carrying shRNA sequences targeting the gene of docking protein 1 ( DOK1 ) was used to silence DOK1 expression.The activity of peroxi-some proliferator-activated receptor gamma ( PPARγ) was measured using a PPARγtranscription factor assay kit.RE-SULTS:ATRA treatment suppressed the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells.ATRA was also found to induce DOK1 expression in a time-dependent manner.Silence of DOK1 mitigated anti-cancer effect of ATRA evidenced by recovered the cell proliferation and reduced the cell apoptosis.In addition, DOK1 knockdown inhibited PPARγexpression and activity.Furthermore, inhibition of PPARγwith its specific inhibitor GW9662 attenuated impacts of ATRA on the cell proliferation and apoptosis.CONCLUSION: ATRA suppresses MCF-7 cell survival through inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell apoptosis, which is mediated by DOK1-activated PPARγ.

P-glycoprotein regulating biphasic insulin secretion in rat pancreatic beta cells / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>A 65-kD mdr1 (multi-drug resistance protein 1, P-glycoprotein)-like protein has been suggested to be the regulatory protein to the chloride channel protein 3 (ClC-3) mediating insulin granules acidification and release in mouse pancreatic beta cells. But the protein has not been deeply investigated. In this study, we identified existence of the 65-kda protein in rat islets and preliminarily explored its biological functions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total RNAs of rat kidneys served as positive controls, and pancreas, islets and INS-1 cells were extracted for reverse-transcript PCR (RT-PCR), respectively. The cDNAs were run with specific primers selected from the mRNA of abcb1b encoding P-glycoprotein. All PCR products were visualized in agarose gel electrophoresis and sequenced. Homogenates of rat islets and INS-1 cells were applied to SDS-PAGE. P-glycoprotein was detected by a specific monoclonal antibody, C219. Biphasic insulin release was measured in static incubations of rat islets with radioimmunology assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with positive control, expression of the P-glycoprotein mRNA segments were detected in the islets, INS-1 cells and pancreas. Sequence analysis confirmed that the PCR products were matched with mRNA of P-glycoprotein. A 65-kda protein was recognized by the antibody in the islets homogenate but not in that of INS-1 cells in Western-blotting. Instead, the homogenate of INS-1 cells contained a 160-kda protein recognized by the antibody. Insulin secretion of rat islets were stimulated by high glucose (16.7 mmol/L), and showed biphasic curve during 60-minute incubation. After co-incubation with cyclosporine A (CsA), specific inhibitor to P-glycoprotein, the second phase of insulin secretion was reduced significantly while the first phase was not influenced.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The 65-kda protein expressed in rat islets is most likely a mini-P-glycoprotein. It may play a key role regulating biphasic insulin release.</p>

Water-soluble constituents from roots of Capparis tenera / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of the roots of Capparis tenera.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The chemical constituents were isolated and repeatedly purified by kinds of column chromatography and the structures were elucidated by the NMR spectra and physicochemical properties.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eight compounds were isolated and identified as erigeside C (1), glucosuringic acid (2), vanillic acid 4-O-beta-D-glucoside (3-methoxy 4-glucosyl-benzoic acid) (3), 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylbenzoate (4), 3', 5'-dimethoxy- 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-cinnamic acid (5), tachioside (6), 2, 3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyl-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone (7) and acacetin 7-rutinoside (8).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1-8 were all isolated from this plant for the first time and the compound 8 was isolated from this gene for the first time.</p>

Studies on ethyl acetate soluble constituents of Huanglian Jiedutang / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the ethyl acetate soluble constituents from the water extractive of Huanglian Jiedutang decoction, which are composed of Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Scutellariae, Cortex Phellodendri and Fructus Gardeniae, and provide substances foundation for its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic investigation.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods and structurally elucidated by NMR and MS techniques.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Thirty-five compounds were isolated, among which twenty compounds have been identified as beta-sitosterol (1), oroxylin A (2), wogonin (3), ursolic acid (4), skullcapflavone I (5), tenaxin I (6), skullcapflavone II (7), limonin (8), 5, 2'-dihydroxy-6, 7, 8, 3'-tetramethoxyflavone (9), chrysin (12), baicalein (17), tenaxin II (19), 5, 7, 2'-trihydroxy-6, 8-dimethoxyflavone (21), shihulimonin A (22), 6, 2'-dihydroxy-5, 7, 8, 6'-tetramethoxyflavone (26), viscidulin II (28), 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone (29), 5, 7, 2', 6'-tetrahydroxyflavone (30), wogonin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronide methyl ester (31) and daucosterol (34).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>On the basis of reported results of the chemical constituents of Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Scutellariae, Cortex Phellodendri and Fructus Gardeniae, it was estimated that all flavonoid compounds rised from the Radix Scutellariae, and compounds 8 and 22 rised from Cortex Phellodendri. Compound 22 was identified in the Cortex Phellodendri for the first time.</p>

Relationship between age and refractive predictability of excimer laser in situ keratomileusis / 眼科

Objective To explore the relationship between age and refractive predictability of excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)for the correction of myopia.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 362 patients(703 eyes)who had performed LASIK.Methods According to the age,patients were divided into four groups(≤30y,31～34y,35～39y and≥40y).Their preoperative and postoperative refractive powers examined with automatic refactor as well as manifest optometry were analysed and followed up from 6 months to 2 years.According to pre-operative refractive power,patietns were divided into low and moderate myopia group(≤-6.00D), high myopia group(-6.25～-12.00D)and super-high myopia group(≥-12.25D).The eyes with refractive power at post-operative 2 years≥-1.00D were regressive eyes.Main Outcome Measures Refractive error before surgery,intended residual refractive power and 3,6, 12, 24 months post-operative refractive powers.Results There were no significant differences between intended residual refractive powers and refractive powers at post-operative 6 month in 3 groups(

Two new flavonoids from the flower of Castanea mollissima Blume / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the bioactive constituents from the flower of Castanea mollissima Blume.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel and polyamide. Structures were determined by various spectroscopic data,including UV, IR, 1H and 13CNMR, EIMS and FABMS, 1H-13C-COSY and HMBC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of 95% ethanol extract and the structures were elucidated as kaempferol-3-O-[6"-(E)-p-coumaroyl]-alpha-D-mannopyranoside (1) and kaempferol-3-O-[6", 4"-di-(E)-p-coumaroyl]-alpha-D-mannopyranoside (2).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds, named castanoside A and B respectirely.</p>

A new lignan glycoside from the flower of Castanea mollissima Blume / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the bioactive constituents of the flower of Castanea mollissima Blume.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography of silica gel and TLC. Structures were determined by various spectroscopic data, including IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR, EIMS, FABMS and HMBC as well as comparison of the data with those reported in literatures.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five compounds were isolated and elucidated as myricetin (I), quercetin (II), gallic acid (III), 4-quinolinone-2-caboxylic acid (IV), (+) -isolariciresinol-9'-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (V).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These compounds were separated from the flower for the first time and compound V is a new compounds, named chestnutlignansoide.</p>

Clinical study on chitosan in curing irreducible anterior disc displacement of tempormandibular joint / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of intra-articular injection with 2% chitosan as a treatment for irreducible anterior disc displacement of the TMJ.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total 30 patients with irreducible anterior disc displacement were divided into two groups according to quasi-randomizaion. The patients in test group received intra-articular injection with 1.0 ml of 2% chitosan into upper cavities of the suffered joints, in control group with 12.5 mg of prednisolone. The patients were followed up at the 1st day and 14th day after injection and the maximal mouth opening was measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The maximal mouth opening at 14th day was (36.73 +/- 4.69) mm in test group, with 11.73 mm increase from baseline; and (28.53 +/- 5.81) mm in control group, with 3.86 mm increase, respectively. The increase of maximal mouth opening in test group was significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chitosan is an effective biomaterial in curing irreducible anterior disc displacement of TMJs.</p>

Clincial Observation on the Efficacy of Methylprednisolone Stosstherapy of IgA Nephropathy Complicated With Partial Crescenties Formation / 中国医师杂志

Objective To observe the efficacy of methylprednisolone stosstherapy of the IgA nephropathy complicated with partial crescenties formation and effects of this therapy on the urine protein output and renal function.Methods 93 patients of IgA nephropathy complicated with partial crescenties formation were identified by renal biopsy and diagnosed according to the WHO diagnostic criteria in 1982 formulation.The patients were randomly divided into two groups:the control and the treating groups.The control group was treated with oral prednisolone (1mg/Kg/day) plus oral cyclophosphamide(2mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ),while the treating group was administered, on the basis of the therapeutic scheme of the control group,with methylprednisolone 0 5～1 0g(20mg?Kg -1 ?d -1 ) in normal saline solution intravenously by drip,for 8 weeks,The degree of puffiness,BP and 24h urine volume were observed in both groups befoue and after the treatment. The 24h urine protein quantitative determination,urine RBC count(uRBC),urine creatinine,blood creatinine(Cr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum albumin (ALB) and the endogenous creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) were also tested.The side effects in two groups were observed at the same time.Results The urine protein output amounts, urine RBC count,blood Cr and BUN were significantly decreased (P