RESUMO
RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) is a multiligand receptor on the cell surface.Ligand-RAGE inter-actions activate several signal transduction pathways that propa-gate cellular oxidative stress and inflammatory response.RAGE expressed on the CD4 + T cells has been identified as a central transduction receptor which affects the activation,proliferation, migration and differentiation of the cells.In addition,blockade of RAGE suppressed the development of multiple immune-related disorders mediated by CD4 + T cells.These studies highlight the importance of RAGE and its ligands for CD4 + T cells.This arti-cle briefly reviews the role of RAGE and its ligands on the prolif-eration,migration and differentiation of CD4 + T cells and sum-marizes the related research progress.
RESUMO
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are another interest of small, non-coding RNAs, which regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level in a sequence-specific manner. Recent researches demonstrate that miRNAs play important roles in innate immune response at various phases in vertebrates. In order to eliminate pathogens such as virus, miRNAs are crucial molecules in signaling of innate immune, and also in directly interfering in virus replication, therefore, miRNA may work as one important aspect of classical innate immune response against pathogenic microorganism. Meanwhile, pathogenic microorganism, especially viruses, can encode miRNA or regulate the miRNAs expression in host cells to disturb the expression of many immune associated genes directly and/or indirectly, so that they can escape from immune attacking. So, pathogenic microorganism and their hosts might fight with each other at miRNA level immediately after infection in the earliest phase.