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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of scarlet fever in Jinan, from 2014-2019, and to provide a basis for scarlet fever prevention and control. Methods The case data of scarlet fever in Jinan during 2013-2019 were extracted from the Chinese National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System. Descriptive epidemiology and spatiotemporal rearrangement scanning methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of scarlet fever. The RR values of scarlet fever in different towns (streets) were calculated, and the contour map of RR value was drawn. Results A total of 9 715 cases of scarlet fever were reported in Jinan from 2014 to 2019. During this period, the number of cases and the incidence rate showed a gradual increase, with two seasonal peaks in the winter and spring each year. Spatiotemporal clustering analysis detected a total of eight spatiotemporal aggregation areas, and the strongest one was in Licheng and Lixia Districts, from March 2017 to December 2019 (RR=3.45, LLR=577.88, P<0.001). The relative risk maps in each year from 2014 to 2019 were similar, and the areas with the highest risk were located in the central area of Jinan. Conclusion From 2014 to 2019, scarlet fever is highly prevalent in the central area of Jinan, with obvious spatial and temporal clustering. There are clustering areas in the central, southwest and eastern areas of Jinan, and there was a tendency for the disease to spread to Zhangqiu in the east and Pingyin in the southwest.
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Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Jinan City,which may provide a basis for scientific supplementation of iodine.Methods Ten counties (districts) in Jinan City were divided into five areas as east,west,south,north and middle in 2018.At least one township (street) was selected from each area,and 20 pregnant women were selected from each township (street).Personal information was collected through standardized questionnaires,and household salt samples and urine samples of pregnant women were collected.Salt iodine and urinary iodine were detected by the "General Test Method in Salt IndustryDetermination of Iodine" (GB/T 13025.7-2012) and "Method for Determination of Iodine in Urine by As3+-Ce4+ Catalytic Spectrophotometry" (WS/T 107-2006),respectively.Results A total of 1 169 pregnant women's household salt samples were collected,the median of salt iodine was 22.6 mg/kg.The coverage rate of iodized salt was 90.5％ (1 058/1 169),the qualified rate of iodized salt was 75.8％ (802/1 058),and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 68.6％ (802/1 169).A total of 1 169 urine samples of pregnant women were tested,the median of urinary iodine was 141.9 μg/L,indicating the urinary iodine of pregnant women was insufficient (＜ 150 μg/L).Conclusions The iodine nutrition of pregnant women is slightly inadequate in Jinan City.It is necessary to strengthen the measures in prevention and control of iodine deficiency,and promote the health education measures in pregnant women to improve their iodine deficiency status.