Research progress in NADPH oxidase family in cardiovascular diseases / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) is a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cardiovascular system. The family of NOX includes seven isoforms, and expressed in different cardiovascular cell types and cell compartments, modulating multiple functions, such as cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, senescence, and inflammatory responses. The NOX-derived ROS are involved in many processes associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetic vascular disease, ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction, and so on.

Research progress in the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and cardiovascular diseases / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a major enzyme responsible for nitric oxide (NO) production. Both eNOS and NO play an important role in regulating vessel structure and function through participating in the physiological and pathological process. Generally, the phosphorylation of eNOS has been recognized as a common mechanism for regulation of eNOS function. However, recent studies have demonstrated several other new mechanisms, such as acetylation, S-glutathionylation, and protein-protein interaction. This review highlights the basic structure and functions of eNOS as well as the relationship between regulation of eNOS activity and cardiovascular diseases.