Efficacy and Safety of Apatinib Monotherapy as Subsequent-line Therapy on Patients with Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of apatinib monotherapy as subsequent-line therapy on patients with advanced ESCC. Methods We included 56 patients with advanced ESCC who were administered with apatinib monotherapy. The initial dosage of apatinib was 500mg or 250mg daily. Clinicopathological characteristics, adverse reaction and prognosis of the patients were analyzed. The primary endpoint of this study was PFS, the secondary endpoints were ORR, DCR, OS and safety of apatinib administration. Results All the 56 patients with ESCC corresponded with the eligibility criteria and were available for the evaluation of efficacy and adverse reaction. The ORR of the 56 patients who received apatinib monotherapy was 8.9% (95%CI: 3.0%-19.6%) and DCR was 64.3% (95%CI: 50.4%-76.6%). The median PFS was 3.7 months (95%CI: 3.19-4.21) and the median OS was 6.3 months (95%CI: 3.53-9.08). The common adverse reactions were hypertension (50.0%), fatigue (41.1%), loss of appetite (35.7%), hand-foot syndrome (30.4%) and diarrhea (26.8%). Conclusion Apatinib monotherapy demonstrates potential efficacy and tolerable safety as the further-line treatment for the patients with advanced ESCC. And the conclusion should be validated in prospective clinical studies subsequently.

Clinical characteristics and gene variants of patients with infantile intrahepatic cholestasis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic findings of patients with infantile intrahepatic cholestasis.@*METHODS@#The clinical data were collected in children who were admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology in Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics from June 2017 to June 2019 and were suspected of inherited metabolic diseases. Next generation sequencing based on target gene panel was used for gene analysis in these children. Sanger sequencing technology was used to verify the genes of the members in this family.@*RESULTS@#Forty patients were enrolled. Pathogenic gene variants were identified in 13 patients (32%), including @*CONCLUSIONS@#The etiology of infantile intrahepatic cholestasis is complex. Next generation sequencing is helpful in the diagnosis of infantile intrahepatic cholestasis.

Comprehensive therapeutics targeting the corticospinal tract following spinal cord injury / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Spinal cord injury (SCI), which is much in the public eye, is still a refractory disease compromising the well-being of both patients and society. In spite of there being many methods dealing with the lesion, there is still a deficiency in comprehensive strategies covering all facets of this damage. Further, we should also mention the structure called the corticospinal tract (CST) which plays a crucial role in the motor responses of organisms, and it will be the focal point of our attention. In this review, we discuss a variety of strategies targeting different dimensions following SCI and some treatments that are especially efficacious to the CST are emphasized. Over recent decades, researchers have developed many effective tactics involving five approaches: (1) tackle more extensive regions; (2) provide a regenerative microenvironment; (3) provide a glial microenvironment; (4) transplantation; and (5) other auxiliary methods, for instance, rehabilitation training and electrical stimulation. We review the basic knowledge on this disease and correlative treatments. In addition, some well-formulated perspectives and hypotheses have been delineated. We emphasize that such a multifaceted problem needs combinatorial approaches, and we analyze some discrepancies in past studies. Finally, for the future, we present numerous brand-new latent tactics which have great promise for curbing SCI.

Modulation of autophagy in ischemic penumbra by hydroxysafflor yellow A after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To clarify the modulation of autophagy in ischemic penumbra by hydroxysafflor yellow A ( HSYA) after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion ( I/R) injury.METHODS:Male SD rats subjected to transient middle cere-bral artery occlusion for 90 min were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham-operation (sham) group, cerebral I/R (I/R) group, I/R+HSYA group and sham+HSYA group.Modified neurological severity score (mNSS) was used to evaluate the neurological deficits of the rats at 6 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d after reperfusion , accompanied by the detection of autophagy , apoptosis and mRNA expression of IFN-βin ischemic penumbra .RESULTS:Compared with sham group , upregulation of LC3-Ⅱand degradation of SQSTM1/P62 were observed in I/R group, indicating the activation of autophagy after I/R.The activation of autophagy in I/R+HSYA group was significantly enhanced by HSYA on day 1 and day 3, and inhibited on day 7, as compared with I/R group (P<0.05).Besides, the mRNA expression of IFN-βin I/R group was significantly upregulated at 6 h, then downregulated on day 1 and day 3, and returned to basal level on day 7, as compared with sham group (P<0.05).In I/R+HSYA group, the mRNA expression of IFN-βwas significantly upregulated on day 1 and day 3, accompanied by the inhibition of apoptosis on day 3 and the significantly decreased mNSS from day 4, as compared with I/R group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:HSYA alleviates cerebral I/R injury by dynamically modulating the activation of autophagy and the expression of IFN-βin ischemic penumbra .

Application analysis of MSCT multiphase enhancement scanning in the atypical hemangiomas / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To analyze multislice CT (MSCT) multiphase multiphase enhancement scanning in the atypical hemangiomas. Methods During February 2013 from January 2014, chosing125 cases of patients with atypical hemangiomas in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results There was a total of 240 lesions in 125 patients, multiple (2 or higher) in a total of 70 cases, 55 cases of single. A total of 170 were located in the right lobe, 70 were located in the left lobe, lesions was 0.8 to 4.5 cm in diameter, the average was (2.53±0.21) cm. A total of 205 lesions were circular, a total of 35 as lobulated or irregular. CT scan, a total of 155 were low density, 85 in equal density. A total of 120 state clearly, realm for part of the fuzzy and parts out of a total of 35, 85 was fuzzy. A total of 45 lesions density uneven, a total of 195 was lesions density uniformity. In 240 intrahepatic lesions, a total of 145 lesions present performance1, 80 lesions belong to 2 kinds of forms, 15 lesions characterized by 3 kinds of forms. Conclusion Although a few hemangiomas reinforcement is not typical, by the mutiperiodic enhanced MSCT scanning remain their respective characteristics, in identification of its pathological changes has important diagnostic value.

let-7f effects on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:There is no clear understanding about the effect of let-7f and interleukin-6 (IL-6) on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and their relationship. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of expression levels of let-7f and IL-6 on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and their relationship. METHODS:(1) LV-rno-let-7f-up and LV-rno-let-7f-down were constructed and transfected into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels of Sprague-Dawley rats, respectively. Then, there were four groups in the study: transfection upregulation group transfected with LV-rno-let-7f-up), transfection inhibition group (transfected with LV-rno-let-7f-down), negative control group (transfected with FU-RNAi-NC-LV), and untransfected group. The expression level of let-7f in each group was detected by qRT-PCR. The proliferation ability of cels and expression levels of IL-6 when let-7f expression was at different levels were detected by MTT, flow cytometry and ELISA. The expression of Cyclin D1 at mRNA and protein levels was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. (2) To predict the potential target gene of let-7f, the wild-type/mutant IL-6 3’UTR reporter gene vectors were constructed, and cotransfected with let-7f/let-7f inhibitor respectively into the 293T cels to measure the luciferase. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the negative control group, the proliferative and cloning capacities of cels in the transfection upregulation group were higher; the number of cels was significantly decreased at G1 stage and increased at S stage, and the apoptotic cels were reduced in number (P 0.05). Luciferase activity of cels transfected with wide-type IL-6 3’UTR and let-7f was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that up-regulation of let-7f can promote the proliferative and cloning capacities of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and reduce cel apoptosis, but downrelation of let-7f exhibits an inhibitory effect. Overexpression of IL-6 can suppress the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, which is considered to be a target gene of let-7f, and let-7f may suppress the expression of IL-6 to promote the cel proliferation.

Let-7d lentiviral vector induces the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neurons in vitro / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:MicroRNA plays an important role in the process of growth and aging of living body. To know the role of let-7d in inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem celldifferentiation into neurons can promote the stem celltransplantation. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of let-7d in inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem celldifferentiation into neurons. METHODS:(1) The lentiviral vector of let-7d was constructed and transfected into rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The cells were divided into non-transfected group, negative control group (transfected with FU-RNAi-NC-LV), transfected enhancement group (transfected with let-7d-LV), transfected inhibition group ( transfected with let-7d-inhibition-LV). (2) Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were treated with fasudil as an inducer for triggering the cells to differentiate into neurons. The expression of neuron-specific markers, neuron-specific enolase and microtubule-associated protein 2, were measured by immunocytochemical method. The mRNA expression of microtubule-associated protein 2 was detected by RT-PCR. The viability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was determined by MTT method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under inverted fluorescence microscope, the cells were successful y transfected with let-7d. Fasudil induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into neurons. The transfection efficiency and expression levels of neuron-specific enolase and microtubule-associated protein 2 in transfected enhancement group were higher than those in the negative control group (P<0.05);while in the inhibition group, they were lower than those in the negative control group (P<0.05). These findings indicate that let-7d can promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neurons induced by fasudil, and by control ing the expression of let-7d we can influence the differentiation efficiency from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to neurons.