RESUMO
Objective: To explore the relationship between serum bilirubin level and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A total of 568 patients treated in our hospital from 2014-07 to 2016-03 were studied. Based on coronary angiography (CAG), the patients were divided into 2 groups: CAD group, n=438 and Non-CAD group, n=130. CAD group had 166 patients with single vessel disease, 150 with double vessel disease and 122 with triple vessel disease; taking Gensini score 34 as the border, there were 219 patients with low Gensini score and 219 with high Gensini score. Taking total bilirubin (TBIL) level>17.1 μmol/L as the border, the patients were divided into another set of 2 groups: Normal TBIL group, n=426 and High TBIL group, n=142. Clinical data, biochemical parameters, blood routine examination, color doppler ultrasound and CAG results were recorded. Blood levels of TBIL, direct bilirubin (DBIL) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) were compared among different groups. Results: ①Compared with Non-CAD group, CAD group had decreased serum levels of TBIL, DBIL and IBIL, P<0.05, the detective rate of hyperbilirubinemia had decreasing trend; while detective rate of CAD was similar between Normal TBIL group and High TBIL group, P>0.05. ②In CAD group, the patients with more coronary branch lesions and the higher Gensini scores had the lower serum levels of TBIL, DBIL and IBIL, P<0.05. Pearson correlation analysis showed that TBIL, DBIL and IBIL were positively related to LVEF (r=0.390, r=0.283 and r=0.426), all P<0.05. ③Multi-linear regression analysis indicated that DBIL, IBIL level was the independent risk factor for CAD occurrence and having negative correlation to CAD (B=-3.766, B=-2.705), both P<0.05. ④TBIL, DBIL and IBIL levels were negatively related to hs-CRP in CAD patients (r=-0.617, r=-0.473 and r=-0.580),allP<0.05. Conclusion: Serum bilirubin level was negatively correlated to the degree of the cornary stenosis, which is independent of its forms, low bilirubin might be an independent risk factor of CAD occurrence.
RESUMO
The inflammatory response is involved in the pathogenesis of the most common types of heart disease.Sanguinarine (SAN) has various pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,antibacterial,antitumor,and immune-enhancing properties.However,few studies have investigated the effects of SAN on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory and apoptotic responses in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.Therefore,in this study,H9c2 cells were co-treated with SAN and LPS,and the mRNA levels of pro-inflammation markers and the apoptosis rate were measured to clarify the effect of SAN on cardiac inflammation.The underlying mechanism was further investigated by detecting the activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)4/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways.As a result,increased mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1 β,IL-6,and TNFα induced by LPS was attenuated after SAN treatment;LPS-induced apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes and cleaved-caspase 8,9,3 were all significantly reduced by SAN.Further experiments showed that the beneficial effect of SAN on blocking the inflammation and apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by LPS was associated with suppression of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.It was suggested that SAN suppressed the LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes,which may be mediated by inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.Thus,SAN may be a feasible therapy to treat sepsis patients with cardiac dysfunction.
RESUMO
The inflammatory response is involved in the pathogenesis of the most common types of heart disease.Sanguinarine (SAN) has various pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,antibacterial,antitumor,and immune-enhancing properties.However,few studies have investigated the effects of SAN on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory and apoptotic responses in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.Therefore,in this study,H9c2 cells were co-treated with SAN and LPS,and the mRNA levels of pro-inflammation markers and the apoptosis rate were measured to clarify the effect of SAN on cardiac inflammation.The underlying mechanism was further investigated by detecting the activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)4/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways.As a result,increased mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1 β,IL-6,and TNFα induced by LPS was attenuated after SAN treatment;LPS-induced apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes and cleaved-caspase 8,9,3 were all significantly reduced by SAN.Further experiments showed that the beneficial effect of SAN on blocking the inflammation and apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by LPS was associated with suppression of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.It was suggested that SAN suppressed the LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes,which may be mediated by inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.Thus,SAN may be a feasible therapy to treat sepsis patients with cardiac dysfunction.
RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The determination of skeletal maturity has an important role in pediatric clinical practice, especially in relation to endocrinological problems and growth disorders, and it is frequently useful in diagnosis and monitoring treatment. It has been suggested that the difference between radius, ulna and short bonse (RUS) and carpal may be of differential diagnostic significance. However, no data on comparison among bone ages of Chinese children are available. The differences between TW3-Chinese RUS (TW3-C RUS) and TW3-Chinese Carpal (TW3-C Carpal) bone age of Chinese children were observed in this study to provide references for skeletal development estimation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 9408 Han healthy children (5066 boys, 4302 girls) aged 1.5 - 13.5 years from 5 cities of China were enrolled in this study. The bone ages of the children were estimated by TW3-C RUS and TW3-C Carpal. The Z score curves of the differences between them were fitted by BCPE distribution and the goodness-of-fit of Box-Cox power exponential distribution (BCPE) models were assessed by Q-test and percents of cases of sample below the fitted percentile curves.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The means of the differences between TW3-C RUS and TW3-C Carpal were -0.19 - 0.17 over the age 2.0 - 13.5 years in boys and -0.12 - 0.13 from age 1.5 - 11.5 years in girls. The standard deviations were respectively 0.47 - 1.01 years for boys and 0.49 - 0.82 years for girls. The degrees of freedom, with respect to the parameter curves from BCPE distribution, were selected and the percentile curves were fitted by BCPE. The differences between percents of cases below the fitted percentile curves and expected values were all under 0.66%, exception of difference for 90th percentile in girls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The differences between TW3-C RUS and TW3-C Carpal varied with age, the standard deviations increased gradually before 4.5 years of age in boys and 4 years of age in girls, and afterwards the variations decreased steadily until the TW3-C Carpal has reached full maturity. However, there was sex diversity in the extent of the variations. The differences between TW3-C RUS and TW3-C Carpal for boys were evidently greater than that for girls. The sex difference decreased progressively after 10 years. The proposed Z scores curves charts should provide reference for clinical practice.</p>