Effect of obesity and overweight on the hospital stays and total course of common pneumonia in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study the effect of obesity and overweight on the hospital stays and total course of common pneumonia in children and the possible reasons.Methods A total of 455 children with common pneumonia aged from 2 to 7 years were enrolled in this study,including 147 obese children,141 overweight children and 167 normal weight children.Then all the children were divided into 2 groups based on age:≥ 2-4 years group and ≥ 4-7 years group.The information of the patients was collected from the medical records management system of our hospital,and including gender,age,weight,height,hospital stays,total course,peripheral blood cell counts (white blood cell,neutrophil,monocyte and lymphocyte),C-reactive protein (CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),IgG,IgA,CD4 + T,CD8 +T and the history of recurrent pneumonia.Results In ≥ 2-4 years group,the average length of the hospital stays of common pneumonia in obese and overweight children was longer than that in the normal weight children(P =0.037,0.009),and the total course of common pneumonia in obese children was longer than that in the normal weight children (P =0.014).In ≥ 4-7 years group,the average length of the hospital stays and total course of common pneumonia in obese and overweight children were longer than those in the normal weight children (the hospital stay:P =0.002,0.000,the total course:P =0.004,0.001).In ≥2-4 years group,the peripheral blood cell counts(white blood cell,neutrophil,monocyte and lymphocyte),CRP,ESR,IgG,IgA,CD4 + T,CD8 + T,CD4 + T/CD8 + T and the history of recurrent pneumonia were of no significant difference among obese,overweight and normal weight children (all P ＞0.05).In ≥4-7 years group,the peripheral blood cell counts(white blood cell,neutrophil,monocyte and lymphocyte),and ESR were of no significant difference among obese,overweight and normal weight children (all P ＞ 0.05),but the levels of IgG,CD4 + T and CD4 + T/CD8 + T in obese and overweight children were lower than those in the normal weight children,and the obese children were more notable in this aspect (P ＜ 0.05).And obese and overweight children were more likely to suffer from recurrent pneumonia.Conclusions Obese and overweight children with common pneumonia aged from 2 to 7 years may need longer hospital stay and total course than normal weight children.Impaired immunity may be the main reason for the ≥4-7 years group,but in the ≥2-4 years old group,it may be attribute to some non-immune factors.

The changes and clinic significance of immune function, serum procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To investigate the changes of immune function,serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP),and to provide clinical evidence for immunotherapy in children with MPP.Methods A total of 126 children with MPP during their hospitalization were enrolled into lobar pneumonia group (n =42) and bronchopneumonia group (n =84),and 28 healthy children were enrolled into normal control group.The immunoglobulin(Ig),CD4+T,CD8+T,PCT and CRP of all children were determined.Results The levels of IgG,IgM and IgE of children in lobar pneumonia group and bronchopneumonia group were significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P ＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in the level of IgA between three groups (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of IgG in lobar pneumonia group were significantly higher than that of bronchopneumonia group (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences in the levels of IgM,IgE,IgA between the two groups(P ＞0.05).The ratios of CD4+T and CD4+T/CD8+T in lobar pneumonia group and bronchopneumonia group were significantly lower than that of the normal control group(P ＜ 0.05).The levels of PCT and CRP in lobar pneumonia group and bronchopneumonia group were significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Humoral immunity and cellular immune dysfunction plays an important role in pathogenesis of MPP.They are important for PCT and CRP in evaluating clinical condition and immunotherapy.

Effect of glucocorticoids on expression of aquaporin-1 in rats with acute lung injury / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To explore the mechanism of glucocorticoids in the treatment of acute lung injury(ALI) by studying the expression changes of aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) in the lung.Methods SpragueDawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,which were ALI group injected by lipopolysaccharide (LPS group),therapy group treated by methylprednisolone (Mp) after LPS injection (Mp group) and control group injected by normal saline.PaO2 and wet/dry mass ratio were assayed at 6 hours after the injection.Changes of AQP-1 expression in the lungs were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),and pathological examination was performed in each group.Results RT-PCR results showed that the expression of AQP-1 in LPS group was lower than that in control group (0.28 ± 0.05 vs 0.50 ± 0.24,P ＜ 0.05),while the expression of AQP-1 in Mp group was higher than that in LPS group (0.47 ±0.16 vs 0.28 ±0.05,P ＜0.05).The immunohistochemistry results were consistent to the RT-PCR results,meanwhile glucocorticoids therapy could improve the blood oxygen level (P ＜ 0.01),reduce the wet/dry mass ratio (P ＜ 0.05) and relieve the lung injury.Conclusion Glucocorticoids may have beneficial effects on ALI by affecting the expression of AQP-1 in the lungs of rats.

Down-regulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 expression in hypothalamus attenuates high-fat dietinduced obesity in rats / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate whether hypothalamic silencing of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3( SOCS3 ) by RNA interference ( RNAi ) attenuates diet-induced obesity and leptin resistance in rats.Methods Hypothalamic SOCS3-deficient rats were established by means of lentiviral vector ( LV ) mediated RNAi technique,and then were fed with a high-fat diet for 8 weeks.After the rats were sacrificed,the serum leptin and insulin concentrations were measuredbyRIA, andthe expressionof SOCS3inhypothalamus was detectedby immunohistochemistry and realtime PCR.ResultsThe immunostaining showed that SOCS3 protein expression was significantly reduced and the expression of SOCS3 mRNA was decreased by 49％ in SOCS3 RNAi group compared to the controls( P＜0.01 ).The rats with hypothalamic SOCS3 knockdown exhibited a significant hampering in gaining body weight with lowered concentrations of leptin[ ( 8.18±2.10 vs 10.85±2.23 ) ng/ml ],insulin[ ( 18.89±4.88 vs 26.78±6.01 )mU/L],glucose [ (4.89±0.91 vs 6.26± 1.41 )mmol/L] and triglyceride [ (0.47 ±0.10 vs 0.62 ±0.16)mmol/L] when exposed to a high-fat diet(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ).ConclusionThe results provide evidence that rats with hypothalamic SOCS3 silencing by RNAi are resistant to diet-induced obesity,leptin resistance,and metabolic disorder.

Regulatory effects of dexamethasone on the expressions of OB-Ra and OB-Rb mRNA in HepG2 cells / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

WithquantitativeRT-PCRtechnique,thelevels of OB-Ra and OB-Rb mRNA expression at 24 h incubation with various concentrations of dexametnasone were measured. Increases of OB-Ra and OB-Rb mRNA expressions in HepG2 cells were found.