Heteroplasmy levels of mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) A3243G mutation and clinical features in a Chinese family with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes syndrome / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestation, biochemically detected data, and radiographic features of a pedigree with suspected mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome, and to explore the correlations between the clinical features and the mutant heteroplasmy levels of mitochondrial genome. Methods The personal details, histories of stroke-like episodes and seizures within the proband and 11 members in the maternal lineage of the family were collected. Routine blood examinations and plasma lactate levels before and after movements of these family members were detected, followed by cephalic MRI examinations. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing were used to detect and validate the A3243G point mutation in mitochondrial genome, and real-time PCR were used to quantify the mutation proportion of A3243G. Results Typical symptoms of MELAS such as seizures, stroke-like episodes and hyperlactacidemia and atypical symptoms such as growth failure, exercise intolerance, fevers and migraines were observed on several members in the pedigree. Cephalic MRI findings performed during episode periods were in accord with the typical radiographic features of MELAS and cerebellar atrophy was commonly observed. Family members on the maternal side all harbored the point mutation on 3243 site in mitochondrial genome. Meanwhile, patients with higher heteroplasmy levels relatively manifested more typically and severely according to the clinical observation. Conclusions The pedigree is diagnosed with maternal inheritance of MELAS syndrome. The main cause can be attributed to a mitochonorial A3243G mutation.The mutant heteroplasmy levels of hemocytes in peripheral blood are positively associated with genetic relationship, seizure anticipation, plasma lactate data and other clinical features.

Software Function Optimization for the Current "Nationwide Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Network" / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the method to optimize the function of current "Nationwide Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Network". METHODS: To analyze the disadvantages of the current "Nationwide Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Network" from perspective of the contents of items and its operational function and put forward some suggestions for its modification. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The current ADR collecting system should be upgraded and modified to ensure the validity, standardization and integrality of ADR reports in our country to a large extent.

Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Mycophenolate Mofetil Dry Suspension in Healthy Volunteers / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics and the bioequivalence of mycophenolate mofetil(MMF)dry suspension versus its imported tablets counterpart in healthy volunteers.METHODS:In a randomized two period crossover study,each of the 20 healthy male volunteers received a single oral dose of 0.75 mg dry suspension or imported tablet of MMF.The plasma concentration of mycophenolic acid(MPA),which is the active metabolite of MMF,were determined by HPLC.The pharmacokinetics of MPA were estimated by the non-compartment model and the bioequivalence of the two formulations of MMF were evaluated by ANOVA and two one-sided-test.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of MMF dry suspension versus imported MMF tablet were as follows:t1/2? were(16.80?4.10)and(16.77?4.50)h;tmax were(0.4?0.1)and(0.7?0.4)h;Cmax were(19.29?6.78)and(18.22?7.19)?g?mL-1;AUC0～72 were(39.22?10.43)and(39.38?10.46)?g?h?mL-1,and AUC0～∞ were(40.58?10.49)and(41.00?10.88)?g?h ?mL-1 respectively.The relative bioavailability of the test preparation(dry suspension of MMF)was(100.9?10.6)%.CONCLUSION:The two formulations are bioequivalent in healthy volunteers.

Dynamic effect of Huanglian Jiedu Tang on Nimodipine disposition in rat brain / 中草药

10 ng/mL). But berberine (10 ng/mL) showed no effect on the uptake of Nimodipine. Conclusion The experimental findings indicate that HLJDT pretreatment might alter the pharmacokinetic behavior of Nimodipine both in plasma and brain tissue. The change of pharmacokinetic behavior of Nimodipine in brain tissue might partly result from the effect of baicalin in HLJDT.