Chaenomelesalkaloid A, a new alkaloid from the fruits of Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne / 药学学报

The chemical constituents of the fruits of Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne were investigated using chromatographic methods, including Diaion HP-20, Toyopearl HW-40, MCI Gel CHP-20, ODS, Silica gel chromatography and semi-preparative-HPLC. Three compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated with spectral data and physicochemical properties, which were identified as chaenomeles alkaloid A (1), ginsenine (2) and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-methyl-β-carboline-3-car-boxylic acid (3). Among those, compound 1 is a new alkaloid, compound 2 and 3 were isolated from this plant for the first time. To investigate the protective effect of compounds 1-3 on Rat adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC-12) injury induced by the β-amyloid protein (Aβ25-35). The results show that compounds 2 and 3 have a significant protective effect on the PC12 cells exposed to Aβ25-35.

Combined use of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and dexamethasone promotes osteogenic differentiation of synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells from human temporomandibular joint / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells can be amplified rapidly in vitro and collected by a minimally invasive method. Recent studies have suggested that synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells have become an important kind of seed cells for bone tissue engineering. Osteogenic differentiation is required to be optimized prior to the application of synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells in the bone regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To describe a protocol to generate osteoblast-lineage cells from human synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells of the temporomandibular joint using a cocktail that includes glutamax, dexamethasone, β-glycerophosphate, vitamin C, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and to investigate the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and dexamethasone on the osteogenic capacity of synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells from the human temporomandibular joint were expanded in vitro and cultured in different osteogenic induction media. The mineralization capacity of osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by alizarin red and Von kossa staining. And the osteogenic markers, including ALP, RUNX2 and OCN, were assessed by reverse transcription-PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mineralization formation increased greatly in the medium with 100 nmol/L dexamethasone and 10 nmol/L 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The expression of ALP, RUNX2 and OCN was enhanced distinctly in the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced differentiated cells. These findings reveal that appropriate concentration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and dexamethasone can be ideal ingredients to induce the osteogenic differentiation of human synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells of the temporomandibular joint. Thus, this effective condition can be used to induce the osteogenic differentiation of synovial fluid mesenchymal stem cells for the bone regeneration in the temporomandibular joint.

A new phenylacetamide from the seeds of Lepidium apetalum Willd / 药学学报

The chemical constituents of the seeds of Lepidium apetalum Willd. were investigated using chromatographic methods, including Diaion HP-20, Toyopearl HW-40, MCI Gel CHP-20, ODS, silica gel chromatography and semi-preparative-HPLC. Three compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated by spectral data and physicochemical properties, which were identified as lepidiumamide A (1), cis-desulfoglucotropaeolin (2), trans-desulfoglucotropaeolin (3). Among those, compound 1 is a new phenylacetamide, compound 2 and 3 were isolated from this plant for the first time, and their configurations were also identified for the first time.

Kidney tubular-cell secretion of osteoblast growth factor is increased by kaempferol: a scientific basis for "the kidney controlling the bone" theory of Chinese medicine / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study, at the cytological level, the basic concept of Chinese medicine that "the Kidney (Shen) controls the bone".</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Kaempferol was isolated form Rhizoma Drynariae (Gu Sui Bu, GSB) and at several concentrations was incubated with opossum kidney (OK) cells, osteoblasts (MC3T3 E1) and human fibroblasts (HF) at cell concentrations of 2×10(4)/mL. Opossum kidney cell-conditioned culture media with kaempferol at 70 nmol/L (70kaeOKM) and without kaempferol (0OKM) were used to stimulate MC3T3 E1 and HF proliferation. The bone morphological protein receptors I and II (BMPR I and II) in OK cells were identified by immune-fluorescence staining and Western blot analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Kaempferol was found to increase OK cell growth (P<0.05), but alone did not promote MC3T3 E1 or HF cell proliferation. However, although OKM by itself increased MC3T3 E1 growth by 198% (P<0.01), the 70kaeOKM further increased the growth of these cells by an additional 127% (P<0.01). It indicates that the kidney cell generates a previously unknown osteoblast growth factor (OGF) and kaempferol increases kidney cell secretion of OGF. Neither of these media had any significant effect on HF growth. Kaempferol also was found to increase the level of the BMPR II in OK cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This lends strong support to the original idea that the Kidney has a significant influence over bone-formation, as suggested by some long-standing Chinese medical beliefs, kaempferol may also serve to stimulate kidney repair and indirectly stimulate bone formation.</p>

New bone and cartilage tissues formed from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived from human condyle in vivo / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the ability to form new bone and cartilage tissues of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) derived from human condyle in vivo, to search the new source of seed cells in constructing tissue engineering condyle.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bone marrow was collected from the irrigation solution from resected human condyle, and was isolated by density gradient centrifugation and then purified by adherent separation and cultured in vitro. P3 or P4 BMSC populations were induced into osteoblasts and chondroblast under inductive medium in vitro and then seeded on porous coral scaffolds. The appearance and affinity of cells were investigated via scanning electron microscope. And then osteoblast or chondroblast/coral scaffolds composites were implanted into the dorsum of nude mice. The mice were sacrificed by anaesthesia overdose at six and nine weeks after surgery and the scaffolds were removed for analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Scanning electron microscope showed that BMSC were adhering to the surface of coral and having an overlapped growth or to contact each other as net and stride over the pores. The in vivo scaffold specimens maintained the initial shape of the coral scaffold. The new formed bone tissues were clearly evident and islands of cartilage tissues were also found at nine weeks after implantation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These BMSC derived from human condyle possess the ability of forming bone and cartilage tissues when being implanted in vivo, and can be used as a kind of seed cells in constructing tissue engineering condyle.</p>

Risk factors of fat necrosis in pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the risk factors of fat necrosis in pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 1998 to December 2005, 82 patients underwent reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial defects with pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps in our hospital. Postoperative fat necrosis of the flaps was occurred in 10 cases. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Logistic univariate regression analysis indicated that there was a significant correlation between fat necrosis of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap and the following risk facoars: obesity, subcutaneous tissues dissection performed by electrotome, the design of skin island beyond the seventh costal cartilage and smoking. (2) Logistic multivariate regression analysis suggested that there was a significant correlation between fat necrosis of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap and obesity, subcutaneous tissues dissection performed by electrotome, the design of skin island beyond the seventh costal cartilage, whereas there was no significant correlation between fat necrosis of flap and smoking.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Obesity, subcutaneous tissues dissection performed by electrotome and the design of skin island beyond the seventh costal cartilage were the risk factors of fat necrosis in pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.</p>

Neural engineering and neural prostheses / 中国医疗器械杂志

The motivation of the brain-computer interface (BCI) research and its potential applications are introduced in this paper. Some of the problems in BCI-based medical device developments are also discussed.

Measurement and analysis of the intra-articular pressure in temporomandibular joint with sudden-onset, severe closed lock / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The study aims to find out the fluctuating curve of the intra-articular pressure in temporomandibular joint with sudden-onset, persistent, severe closed lock and discuss the mechanism of its formation. We also investigate the effects of the arthrocentesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>20 affected sides in 16 patients were collected. A No. 8 syringe needle was used to pierce into the upper compartment of TMJ. The pre-arthrocentesis intra-articular pressure was measured by the pressure transducer via the flexural rigid tubing at open and close bite. The curve and mean value were documented during the operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patients with sudden-onset, persistent, severe closed lock had significantly low negative intra-articular pressure in their affected temporomandible joints. The average pressures was (-9.947 +/- 8.854) kPa at open bite and (-6.475 +/- 4.147) kPa at close bite.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The TMJs with sudden-onset, persistene, severe closed lock has particular characters on etiology and clinical behavior. Arthrocentesis is one of the effective treatments to the diseases.</p>

Maxilla reconstruction with the free iliac osteomuscular flap and simultaneous osseointegrated implant embeding / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical outcome of reconstruction of maxillary defects with vascularized iliac crest flap and simultaneous osseointegrated implant embedding.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>During September to October 2003, two patients with maxillary defects from tumor resection underwent microsurgical reconstruction. The free iliac osteomuscular flap transferring and simultaneous osseointegrated implant embedding were performed to repair the defects. Three months after the reconstructive surgery, an abutment operation was preformed and denture was applied in both cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The flaps survived well. Postoperative follow-up for 8 to 9 months showed that the patients obtained good zygomaxillary appearance, normal occlusion, and satisfactory pronunciation, without oronasal fistula or other serious complications.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The free iliac crest osteomuscular flap with simultaneous osseointegrated implant embedding is an ideal, effective and cosmetically acceptable method for maxilla reconstruction.</p>

Study on the association between interleukin-1 loci polymorphism and risk of gastric cancer / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the association between interleukin-I(IL-1)loci polymorphisms and increased risk of gastric carcinoma in samples from northern Chinese population.Methods Blood sam- ples from 126 patients with gastric cancer and 125 controls with chronic gastritis were collected.Genomic DNA was extracted and polymorphisms at -31(C to T),-511(C to T)and at intron 2(86-bp VNTR)of IL-I RN were genotyped by PCR-CTPP,PCR-RFLP and PCR.For detection of Hp infection fast urenase test,~(14)C breath test and serum anti-Hp IgG antibody assay were used.Results Five kinds of polymorphism of IL-IRN were found as 1/1,1/3,1/4,1/2 and 2/2,and the frequencies in patients were 76.19%、4.76%、6.35%、11.90% and 0.79%,respectively.However,the frequencies in controls were 76.00%、4.00%、4.80%、13.60% and 1.60%.No significant differences were observed between cases and controls in each genotype.The polymorphism of IL-IB-31 allele was C/C,C/T and T/T.The frequencies in patients were 12.70% ,47.62% and 39.68%,and in controls 28.00%,48.80% and 23.20% respectively.IL-1B- 31 T/T carriers were at an increase risk of gastric cancer with an odds ratio of 3.772(95% CI,1.786- 7.966).IL-IB-511 alleles were C/C,C/T and T/T.The frequencies in patients were 19.20%,56.80% and 24.00% and in controls,23.38%,49.19% and 27.42% respectively.No significant differences were observed between cases and controls in each genotype.Conclusion In Chinese population,the polymor- phism of IL-1B-31 alleles may be associated with the susceptibility of gastric cancer.However,no evidence was found to support that the polymorphisms of IL-1RN and IL-I B-511 alleles had relationship with gastric cancer.