RESUMO
Optimal vision and ergonomics are essential factors contributing to the achievement of good results during microsurgery. The three-dimensional (3D) digital image microscope system with a better 3D depth of field can release strain on the surgeon's neck and back, which can improve outcomes in microsurgery. We report a randomized prospective study of vasoepididymostomy and vasovasostomy using a 3D digital image microscope system (3D-DIM) in rats. A total of 16 adult male rats were randomly divided into two groups of 8 each: the standard operating microscope (SOM) group and the 3D-DIM group. The outcomes measured included the operative time, real-time postoperative mechanical patency, and anastomosis leakage. Furthermore, a user-friendly microscope score was designed to evaluate the ergonomic design and equipment characteristics of the microscope. There were no differences in operative time between the two groups. The real-time postoperative mechanical patency rates were 100.0% for both groups. The percentage of vasoepididymostomy anastomosis leakage was 16.7% in the SOM group and 25.0% in the 3D-DIM group; however, no vasovasostomy anastomosis leakage was found in either group. In terms of the ergonomic design, the 3D-DIM group obtained better scores based on the surgeon's feelings; in terms of the equipment characteristics, the 3D-DIM group had lower scores for clarity and higher scores for flexibility and adaptivity. Based on our randomized prospective study in a rat model, we believe that the 3D-DIM can improve surgeon comfort without compromising outcomes in male infertility reconstructive microsurgery, so the 3D-DIM might be widely used in the future.
RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influnce of receptor activity modifying protein 1(RAMP-1) overexpression on enhancing effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide on MG-63 cells proliferation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cultured MG-63 osteoblasts in exponential phase of growth were randomly divided into three groups: RAMP-1 overexpression group, empty vector control group and negative control group. RAMP-1 eukaryotic expression vector was constructed and stably transfected into MG-63 cells. Realtime-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and immunofluroescence were used respectively to detect the expression of calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) in the cells and its distribution on cell membrane. The status of proliferation was detected respectively at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 h by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and cells were collected to analyze their cycle respectively at 0, 8, 16, 24 h by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CRLR protein and mRNA expression levels of MG-63 cells in RAMP-1 overexpression group were significantly higher than the other two groups (P < 0.05). The A value of RAMP-1 overexpression group at 24, 48, 72, 96 h were 0.628 ± 0.175, 0.896 ± 0.592, 1.055 ± 0.004, 1.179 ± 0.618, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the other two groups (P < 0.05). The difference was most pronounced at 72 h. S-phase fraction of RAMP-1 overexpression group was (1.25 ± 0.13)%, (68.79 ± 0.56)%, (64.49 ± 1.59)%, (57.82 ± 0.75)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than the other two groups (P < 0.05). The difference was most pronounced at 8 h.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>RAMP-1 overexpression can promote CRLR distribution on MG-63 cell membrane and enhance CGRP's promotion effect on MG-63 cell proliferation.</p>