Comparison of effect between internal fixation and total hip replacement in the treatment of displaced femoral neck fracture in middle age patients / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze and compare the clinical efficacy of internal fixation and total hip replacement in the treatment of displaced femoral neck fracture from 55 to 65 years.@*METHODS@#From September 2016 to August 2020, 86 patients with Garden type Ⅲ or Ⅳ femoral neck fracture were divided into two groups according to different surgical methods. Among them, 38 patients were treated with lag screws for internal fixation, there were 26 males and 12 females, aged 55 to 64 years old with an average of(60.2±3.1) years;the other 48 patients were treated with total hip replacement, including 28 males and 20 females, aged from 57 to 65 years old with an average of(61.3±3.8) years. The time from injury to operation ranged from 1 to 3 days. The reoperation rate, incidence of deep infection, Harris score of hip joint function, visual analogue scale(VAS) of pain and patients reported outcome scores(European five-dimensional Health Questionnaire, EQ-5D) were compared between two groups.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 24 to 54 months with an average of (35.8±10.3) months. There was significant difference in reoperation rate between two groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on the incidence of deep infection, hip Harris score and VAS between two groups(P>0.05) . The postoperative EQ-5D score of patients with internal fixation was lower than that of total hip replacement, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Both the surgery of internal fixation and total hip replacement have similar effect in short-and medium term among the patients aged 55 to 65 years old. However, for the reoperation rate, the group of internal fixation was higher than that of total hip replacement. For the subjective functional score of patients, the group of internal fixation was lower than that of total hip replacement.

Full Sibling Testing Based on NGS-SNP Genotyping Method and IBS Strategy / 法医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） genoty-ping in combination with identity by state （IBS） strategy in full sibling testing. Methods Thirty-five blood samples were collected from a four-generation family. Ninety autosomal SNPs were genotyped using Precision ID Identity Panel. The distribution of IBS scores for full siblings and other relationships were calculated and compared. The relationships were determined using Fisher discriminant function and threshold method, respectively. Results Based on family members and previous research, 44, 30, 111, 71 and 1 000 pairs of full siblings （FS）, grandparent-grandchild （GG）, uncle/aunt-nephew/niece （UN）, first cousins （FC） and unrelated individuals （UI） were obtained, respectively. The average IBS scores were 148, 130, 132, 124 and 120, respectively. Except for the GG and UN pairs, the distribution differences among the other relationships had statistical significance （P<0.05）. The false rates of Fisher discriminant function to determine relationships were 1.3%, 22.3%, 17.0% and 38.7% for FS, GG, UN and FC, respectively. Based on the simulation data, the thresholds t1=128 and t2=141 were recommended to determine full sibling relationships （the false rate ≤0.05%）. Conclusion The 90 SNP genetic markers included in the Precision ID Identity Panel meet the testing requirements for full sibling relationships. The threshold method based on IBS has a relatively lower false rate and is more flexible.

Effects of endurance exercise on synaptic plasticity in cerebral cortex of aged rats and related regulatory mechanism / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To understand and analyze the rules of endurance exercise on the cerebral cortex adaptive mechanism in aged rats.@*METHODS@#In this study, 3-month-old (n=20), 13-month-old (n=24) and 23-month-old (n=24) specific-pathogen free (SPF) male Sprague-Dawley Rat (SD) rats were divided into young (Y-SED), middle-aged (M-SED) and old-aged (O-SED) sedentary control group, and the corresponding Y-EX, M-EX and O-EX in the endurance exercise runner group. The 10-weeks of regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercise intervention were carried out in the endurance exercise runner group. The exercise mode is treadmill exercise (slope 0), and the exercise intensity gradually increases from 60%～65% of the maximum oxygen consumption (V·O) to 70%～75%, and the exercise time is 10 weeks. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to detect age-related morphological changes. The expressions of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the expressions of synapsin 1 (SYN1) and Ca/calmodulin- dependent protein kinases IIα (CaMK IIα) / AMP-activated protein kinase α1(AMPKα1) / mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway -related genes were detected.@*RESULTS@#The cerebral cortex structure of the rats in each group showed age-related aging changes, the expression of SOD in the cortex showed a gradual decline, the expression of BDNF showed an age-increasing trend, and the expression levels of SYN1 and CaMK IIα were increased with age. The changes in AMPKα1 and SirT2 and IP3R, AKT1 and mTOR mRNA levels were increased slightly in middle-aged rats and decreased in aged rats. Compared with the rats in each sedentary control group, the nucleus of the cerebral cortex was tightly arranged and the number of nuclei observed under the microscope was increased significantly in each exercise group. Exercise promoted the expressions of SOD, BDNF and synaptophysin SYN1 in the cortex of rats, and the expression levels of SOD and BDNF in aged rats were up-regulated significantly (P＜ 0.01). The expression level of SYN1 in rats was up-regulated significantly (P＜0.05) in the young and aged rats. The expression of CaMK IIα in the cortex of middle-aged and aged rats was up-regulated (P＜0.01), while the expression level of CaMK IIα in young rats was down-regulated (P＜0.01). Exercise could up-regulate the expression level of AMPKα1 in the cortex of young rats (P＜ 0.05), but not in middle-aged and old-age rats. Exercise could up-regulate the expression of SirT2 in the cortex of rats in all age groups (P＜0.05). Exercise up-regulated the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (IP3R)/ protein kinase B 1(AKT1) /mTOR in the cortex of rats, among which young IP3R was significantly up-regulated (P＜0.01) in the young group, mTOR was significantly up-regulated in young and middle-aged group (P＜0.01), and mTOR was also significantly up-regulated in the aged group (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Endurance exercise up-regulates BDNF expression, regulates CaMKIIα signaling, activates AMPK signaling pathway and IP3R / AKT1 / mTOR signaling pathway, and improves synaptic plasticity in the cortex.

Balloon Angioplasty as a Modality to Treat Children with Pulmonary Stenosis Secondary to Complex Congenital Heart Diseases / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Pulmonary stenosis is common in children with complex congenital heart diseases. Proper management of this problem, especially postoperatively, is still controversial. This study was designed to assess the rate and determinants of success or failure of balloon angioplasty for such lesions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical and hemodynamic data from 40 pediatric patients (24 boys and 16 girls) with complex congenital heart diseases who underwent balloon angioplasty were reviewed retrospectively from January 2012 to December 2016. Patients were divided into four groups according to the site of stenosis, which included pulmonary valve stenosis (PVS), valved conduit stenosis, pulmonary artery stenosis (PAS), and supravalvular pulmonary stenosis (SVPS). Success rates were calculated according to defined criteria for initial success and favorable clinical impacts, and comparison between the successful subgroup and the unsuccessful subgroups was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Grouped by the site of stenosis, initial success rates varied from 40.0% to 52.4% with the greatest success being seen in the PVS group, followed by the PAS group and SVPS group. In the PVS group and the PAS group, there was no statistical difference among age at dilation, postoperative interval, balloon/stenosis ratio, or pressure gradient predilation between the successful and the unsuccessful subgroups. Favorable clinical impacts included success rates of balloon angioplasty in the SVPS group, which was best (100%), followed by the PVS group (90.9%) and the PAS group (85.7%). There were a total of two transient complications (5.0%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Balloon angioplasty was proven to be a safe and useful modality in children with complex congenital heart diseases and postoperative pulmonary stenosis, which should be the initial therapeutic modality in selected patients.</p>

Vγ1+γδT Cells Are Correlated With Increasing Expression of Eosinophil Cationic Protein and Metalloproteinase-7 in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps Inducing the Formation of Edema

PURPOSE: We have found that expression of γδT cells is increased in pathological mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) compared with normal nasal mucosa. This increase is correlated with the infiltration of eosinophils in CRSwNP. Here, we investigated the expression of γδT cells, inflammation and tissue remodeling factors as well as their probable relationships in different types of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in China. METHODS: A total of 76 surgical tissue samples that included 43 CRSwNP samples (15 eosinophilic and 28 non-eosinophilic), 17 CRS samples without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and 16 controls were obtained. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of Vγ1⁺γδT cells, Vγ4⁺γδT cells, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), interleukin (IL)-8, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2, metalloproteinase (MMP)-7, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-4 and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the protein level of ECP and MMP-7 in CRSwNP. The eosinophils were counted and the level of edema was analyzed with HE staining. RESULTS: The mRNA expression levels of the Vγ1 subset, ECP and MMP-7 were significantly increased in CRSwNP with histological characteristics of eosinophilic infiltration and edema. The expression of the Vγ1 gene in CRSwNP correlated positively with the expression of both ECP and MMP-7. No significant decreases in the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β2, TIMP-4 or HIF-1α were observed in the CRSwNP samples. The expression levels of Vγ1 gene, ECP and MMP-7 were significantly increased in eosinophilic CRSwNP compared to non-eosinophilic CRSwNP. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest the associations between Vγ1⁺γδT cells, ECP and MMP-7 in CRSwNP, indicating that Vγ1⁺γδT cells can induce the eosinophilic inflammation, which has a further effect on the formation of edema.

Establishment and application of a multiplex PCR assay for detection of Aleutian disease parvovirus, enteritis parvovirus and canine distemper virus in the mink / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective Aleutian disease, mink enteritis and canine distemper are the three major diseases affecting health of mink. This study intends to establish a multiplex PCR assay for simultaneously detecting of these three viruses. Methods According to the conservative sequences reported in GenBank, three pairs of specific primers were designed to amplify the DNA templates of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV), mink enteritis parvovirus (MEV), and RNA templates of canine distemper virus (CDV), and optimized the amplifying conditions. Results The specific objective strips of 601 bp ( ADV) , 205 bp ( MEV) and 451 bp ( CDV) were amplified simultaneously. The sensitivity test showed that the lowest nucleic acid detection limits were 2. 67 × 104 copies perμL for ADV, 3. 02 × 104 copies perμL for MEV, and 1. 72 × 105 copies perμL for CDV. The results of test of the clinical samples showed that the multiple PCR and single PCR assay were consistent. Conclusions The established multiplex PCR assay in this study can be used to rapidly detect the clinical samples of ADV, MEV and CDV single or mixed infections.

Identification and function prediction of proteins interacted with cTnI in mouse cardiac myocytes / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To isolate and identify the proteins that interact with cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in primary mouse cardiomyocytes,and to analyze their biological processes and signaling pathways by use of High throughput proteomics and bioinformatics techniques.Methods The hearts of C57 neonatal mice were used to prepare the primary cardiomyocytes.The cTnI binding proteins were extracted from the whole cell protein by co-immunoprecipitation,and the proteins were analyzed and identified by mass spectrometry.Furthermore,the physicochemical properties,biological processes and signaling pathways of cTnI interacting proteins were predicted by bioinformatics tools.Results A total of 262 proteins were identified by mass spectrometry,cTnI binding proteins were involved in 14 biological processes and 33 KEGG biological pathways (P＜0.05).Conclusion In mouse cardiomyocytes,262 kinds of proteins may interact with cTnI,and participate in regulation of calcium ion influx and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.

Cervical tracheal resection with primary anastomosis for benign tracheal stricture in adult / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce the outcomes of tracheal resection with primary end to end anastomosis for benign cervical tracheal stenosis, and to discuss the strategy for prevention of surgical complications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was performed in 12 patients diagnosed as benign cervical tracheal stenosis from October 2009 to June 2012. Laryngo-tracheal endoscopic examination and computed tomography (CT) were used to assess the degree of stenosis, the grade of inflammation and edema of the subglottis and trachea, and the extent of stenosis and the remaining linear amount of normal airway. The Meyer and Cotton grading system was used to categorise the clinical severity of the stenoses. All patients underwent tracheal resection with primary end to end anastomosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The length of cervical tracheal stenosis ranged from 2.3 to 4.1 cm. Grade II stenosis was present in three patients, Grade III stenosis was present in seven patients and grade IV stenosis in two patients. Successful extubation was achieved in all 12 cases. After surgery, temporary hoarseness occurred in 1 patient (8.3%); unilateral pulmonary atelectasis with pleural effusion occurred in 1 patient (8.3%); subcutaneous emphysema with infection occurred in 1 patient (8.3%); mild dysphagia occurred in 3 patients (25.0%); a slight deepening of the tone of voice occurred in 5 patients (41.7%), granulation tissue growth near the suture occurred in 3 patients (25.0%), and suture dehiscence did not occur in any patient. The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 38 months, no patient developed restenosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It presents a high success rate and good functional result of tracheal resection with primary end-to-end anastomosis. Therefore, it is an effective and reliable approach for the management of benign cervical tracheal stenosis. To avoid complications, the preoperative assessment, patients selection and postoperative management should be emphasized.</p>

Analysis of clinical characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in children / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to summarize the clinical characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infections in children, identify its risk factors and to raise the level of diagnosis and treatment of this disease.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The data of clinical and antimicrobial susceptibility of 32 cases of CRAB and 64 cases of carbapenem-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii (CSAB) infections as control seen between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2010 in Yuying Children's Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Thirty-two cases of CRAB infections were identified, 21 were male and 11 female. The ages ranged from 1 day to 16 years (median age 43 days) ,among whom 14 (44%) were aged < or = 28 days; 28 cases (88%) were diagnosed as hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and 4 cases (12%) had wound infection. The common primary diseases of the cases were neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (n = 12, 38%), followed by congenital heart disease (n = 5,16%) and open fractures (n = 5,16%). Before the isolation of CRAB, 10 cases (31%) had received major surgery;29 patients (91%) had stayed in ICUs, 26 cases (81%) had received tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation,the ventilation time was 2 -249 days (median: 12 days). Carbapenem was used in 17 cases (53%) previously, 13 (41%) had received beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, 8 (25%) had used 3rd-generation cephalosporins within 2 weeks before the isolation of CRAB. Sixteen cases (50%) were cured, 12 cases (38%) were improved, parents of 1 case(3%) automatically gave up hospitalization without being cured and 3 cases (9%) died. Forty-nine CRAB strains were isolated from the 32 cases, accounting for 10. 4% of AB isolation strains in the same period, in which 40 strains (82%) were isolated from sputum specimens and 9 strains (18%) from open wounds secretions. All 49 strains showed multidrug-resistance (MDR), of which 13 strains (27%) were pandrug-resistant (PDR) to the common antimicrobials. The rates of resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam and cephalosporins were 90% and more than 85%, respectively; while the rates of resistance to cefoperazone-sulbactam were 19%, the lowest among the tested agents. In multivariate analysis, receiving surgery (OR = 8.450), tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation for more than 10 days (OR = 6.366) and previous use of carbapenems (OR = 7.084) were independent risk factors for CRAB infections.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nosocomial infections in children due to CRAB infections mainly cause HAP and open wound infection. Previous surgery, prolonged tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation for more than 10 days and previous carbapenems therapy within 2 weeks before the isolation of CRAB were independent risk factors for CRAB infections. CRAB showed MDR or even PDR to the common antimicrobials, which made great difficulties in antibiotic choices.</p>

Endoscopic endonasal anatomy of pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa: comparison of endoscopic and radiological landmarks / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility and reliability of the measurement of critical anatomic landmarks of endoscopic endonasal anatomy of pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa using multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT), and to illustrate the spatial relationship of the surgical landmarks in pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa through an endoscopic endonasal view and radiological images.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Included in this study were eleven fixed cadaver heads (22 pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa), which were prepared from MSCT scans for establishing a spatial coordinates system to calculate the radiological anatomic data and attaining 3D reconstruction image, and also were anatomically dissected to get anatomic data. The anatomic data in two groups were compared, the endoscopic and radiological images of the same regions acquired during the endoscopic endonasal approaches observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The distance (x(-) ± s) from nasal columella to sphenopalatine foramen, pterygoid canal, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, carotid canal, foramen lacerum in radiological group were: (68.83 ± 3.00), (72.49 ± 2.88), (75.26 ± 3.14), (88.55 ± 5.00), (95.19 ± 4.31), (106.76 ± 3.77), (88.16 ± 2.87) mm and in anatomic group were: (68.90 ± 3.04), (72.73 ± 3.08), (75.44 ± 3.07), (89.75 ± 4.13), (96.22 ± 3.37), (106.68 ± 3.75), (88.47 ± 2.64) mm. There was no statistical difference between two groups (t value were -0.856, -1.134, -0.920, -1.923, -1.903, 2.820 and 1.209, respectively, all P > 0.05). Sphenopalatine foramen, pterygoid canal, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, foramen lacerum, carotid canal were the corresponding anatomic structures in endoscope and radiology, which provided the surgeons with anatomic landmarks to identify the spatial relationship of the surgical structures in pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MSCT measurements of anatomic landmarks are feasible and reliable, can be used in clinical individualized surgery. The corresponding anatomic structures of endoscopic and radiological landmarks provide useful reference to surgeons when operating in these areas through an endoscopic endonasal approach.</p>

Effects of primary tumor excision on angiogenesis and pulmonary metastasis in osteosarcoma-bearing nude mice / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of primary tumor excision on osteosarcoma angiogenesis and pulmonary metastasis, and explore its possible mechanism and clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The tumor-bearing nude mice were constructed by injection of human osteosarcoma cell suspension, and divided into primary tumor resection, amputation and normal groups. The level of VEGF and endostatin was examined by ELISA assay. The hemoglobin content in Matrigel pellets was measured with HiCN method. Pulmonary metastasis was detected with dilated-squash technique and immunohistochemical staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The serum VEGF and endostatin level was significantly decreased in the primary tumor excision group compared with that in the normal and control groups after operation, but endostatin decreased more prominently [VEGF: (71.43 +/- 9.15) pg/ml vs. (115.81 +/- 4.38) pg/ml, (111.68 +/- 12.26) pg/ml, P < 0.01; ES: (40.77 +/- 5.41) ng/ml vs. (123.18 +/- 5.94) ng/ml, (128.06 +/- 4.52) ng/ml, P < 0.01]. The HB contents in Matrigel pellets increased in the primary tumor excision group compared with that in normal and control groups [(36.55 +/- 2.35) g/L vs. (16.84 +/- 1.15) g/L, (16.29 +/- 1.10) g/L, P < 0.01]. The rate of pulmonary metastasis in tumor excision group was much higher than that in the un-excised groups (80.0% vs. 40.0% and 35.0%, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The excision of primary tumor can promote osteosarcoma angiogenesis and pulmonary metastasis, so anti-angiogenic treatment after operation has instructive clinical significance in preventing tumor metastasis.</p>

Adaptive super resolution algorithm for under-sampled images / 南方医科大学学报

A new algorithm of adaptive super-resolution (SR) reconstruction based on the regularization parameter is proposed to reconstruct a high-resolution (HR) image from the low-resolution (LR) image sequence, which takes into full account the inaccurate estimates of motion error, point spread function (PSF) and the additive Gaussian noise in the LR image sequence. We established a novel nonlinear adaptive regularization function and analyzed experimentally its convexity to obtain the adaptive step size. This novel algorithm can effectively improve the spatial resolution of the image and the rate of convergence, which is verified by the experiment on optical images.

Assessment of nutritional metabolism in severe burned patients by bioelectrical impedance analysis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect body composition and evaluate the influence of body composition on nutritional assessment of burned patients by BIA(bioelectrical impedance analysis).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Body composition was determined in 38 burned patients (32male, 6female) with total burn area 10% approximately 80%(mean 33.1%+17.61%) by BIA during day 1 to day 70 after burns. All patients were divided into two groups: 20 cases in group A (total burn areas >30%), 18 cases in group B (TBSA <30%). Adequate number calories provided by indirect calorimetry.a</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>two patients died of MODS in the two groups, 36 patients were survived, mean days of stay hospital 33.1+17.6, the value of lean body mass and body fat mass are gradually decreased, lean body mass is especially lower in the two groups despite provided adequate number calories, there is a significant difference in static analysis in the two groups(P<0.05).a</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The serve catabolism is prevalent in treatment procedure of the burned patients with major burn, the lower of lean body mass is not changing despite provide adequate caloris in the two groups. It is a simple and precisely method that bioelectrical impedance analysis could measure body composition; it may help objectively assess nutritional status of severe burned patients.</p>

Prevention and treatment of stress ulcer bleeding in patients with extensive burns / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To review the measures for prevention and management of stress ulcer bleeding in patients with extensive burns.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was conducted in 1093 extensively burned patients to understand the incidence of stress ulcer bleeding in comparison with the results according to the literature reports.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence of stress ulcer bleeding was 3.2% in these patients, significantly lower that reported in literatures (6.8%, n=1023) (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Comprehensive measures should be taken in extensively burned patients, such as shock resuscitation, early feeding, adequate infection and wound management, use of antacid, painkiller and oxygen therapy, which may help reduce the risks of stress ulcer bleeding.</p>

Relationship between radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and MDR1 gene polymorphism / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between human multidrug resistancel gene (MDR1) polymorphisms and the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blood samples were collected from 59 NPC patients, who were devided into radiosensitive or radioresistant groups according to their responses to radiation therapy. The genotypes for MDR1 polymorphisms (G2677T in exon 21 and C3435T in exon 26) and their haplotypes were determined by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The results were further confirmed by sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 3435CC genotype was associated with a significantly better response to radiotherapy than combined 3435 CT and TT genotype (P=0.026). The 2677GG genotype was also associated with a better response in comparison with combined 2677 GT and TT genotype, but this relation was not statistically significant. Patients with 2677G-3435C haplotype had a significant better response to radiotherapy than those with the other haplotypes (P=0.017).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The MDR1 G2677T and C3435T polymorphisms may help predict the response to radiotherapy in NPC patients.</p>

Clinical application of Meek skin grafting technique / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the clinical application of Meek skin grafting technique.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixteen patients with TBSA>30% were treated by Meek grafting technique, and the results were compared with a control group treated with traditional stamp skin grafting. The skin expanding rate, graft survival, operating time, medical expense, and skin scar formation were evaluated and compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the 16 cases managed with Meek grafting technique, the graft survival rate was above 95%, and there were significant differences in all the observed indices between Meek grafting group and the control group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Meek skin grafting technique possesses the advantages of more economic donor skin use, shorter operating time and hospital stay with reduced cost, and provides a good option for management of severely burned patients.</p>

Management of burn wounds with Hippophae rhamnoides oil / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic effects of Hippophae rhamnoides oil, a preparation of traditional Chinese herbal medicine derived from the fruits of sea buckthorn, on the wounds in burn patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Hippophae rhamnoides oil dressing was applied on the burn wounds as an inner dressing and covered by disinfecting dressing. The oil dressing was changed every other day until wound healing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 151 burned patients received the treatment with Hippophae rhamnoides oil dressing, which obviously alleviated the swelling and effusion of the wounds and relieved the pains. Compared with the control patients (treated with vaseline gauze), patients receiving the dressing showed more obvious exudation reduction, pain relief, and faster epithelial cell growth and wound healing, with statistically significant difference between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As a valuable plant oil with wide uses in medicine, Hippophae rhamnoides oil for external application has definite effects on the healing of burn wounds.</p>

Specific inhibition of gene expression of lung resistance-related protein by short interfering RNA / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate inhibitory effect of short interfering RNA (siRNA) on the expression of lung resistance-related protein (LRP) in leukemia cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The eukaryotic vectors of LRP, pcDNA3.0/LRP, were constructed. The transfection protocol of K562 cells grown in standard conditions consisted of different combinations of pcDNA3.0/LRP, pEGFP-C1 expressing mammalian enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP), and their gene-specific siRNAs. RT-PCR and flow cytometry were employed to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of LRP and fluoroscopy was performed for assay of GFP expression in the transfected cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with untreated K562 cells, pcDNA3.0/LRP-transfected cells showed increased LRP mRNA and protein expression and the positive cell percentage reached 30%. In the cells co-transfected with LRP gene-specific siRNA and pcDNA3.0/LRP, both LRP mRNA and protein expression decreased significantly to a level defined as negative results; the GFP expression showed no significant difference between the cells transfected with pEGFP-C1 and those co-transfected with LRP gene-specific siRNA and pEGFP-C1. LRP mRNA and protein expressions were also similar between the cells transfected with pcDNA3.0/LRP and those co-transfected with GFP gene-specific siRNA and pcDNA3.0/LRP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The LRP gene-specific siRNA we designed is capable of degrading LRP mRNA and inhibiting the protein expression effectively and specifically, which shed light on the potential application of siRNA for gene-specific therapy to reverse LRP-induced multidrug resistance of leukemia cells.</p>