Exploring Potential Mechanism of “Fu Zheng” Rule of Ulcerative Colitis Based on Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:Through database search and network pharmacology to explore the potential mechanism of "Fu Zheng" rule of ulcerative colitis. Method:Search for ulcerative colitis related prescriptions from the Chinese medicine E database, Screening the retrieved prescriptions and conducting statistical analysis of the types and frequency of drugs, and selecting the objective drugs for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Search for the chemical composition and target of drugs on the Digsee platform, then constructing a compound-target interaction network map. Screening for ulcerative colitis related targets through the Digsee database and construct a disease-target interaction network map. Filter the core targets of the two network maps and using the DAVID tool to perform enrichment analysis on the core targets. Result:About 731 prescriptions of ulcerative colitis were retrieved from the database, 304 prescriptions and 220 Chinese medicines were received based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Representative drugs of "Fu Zheng" Rule of ulcerative colitis is Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma. Screening for chemical constituents of the drug based on ADME parameters, and then target prediction, we received a total of 137 protein targets. Merge the compound-target interaction network map and the disease-target interaction network map, with "Degree" "betweenness " and "closeness" as the evaluation criteria, we found 129 common targets. Perform KEGG enrichment analysis on the selected targets, find out the top 20 pathways with P values has an effect on ulcerative colitis. Conclusion:The role of FuZheng Chinese medicine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis is the overall effect of multiple targets and multiple pathways, excavating the potential mechanism of "Fu Zheng" rule of ulcerative colitis and provide a theoretical basis for further experimental research.

Review research on tumor prevention of probiotics / 中国药理学通报

Recently,research on microbes has been explored ex-plosively. Microbial-related studies have become the forefront of anti-cancer research. A large number of microorganisms are uni-versal in the viscera, skin, nose, mouth and reproductive sys-tem. Probiotics is a kind of microorganisms beneficial to human health. Although most studies have proven the tumor-promoting effects of bacterial flora,antitumor effects of probiotics have also been observed. Studies have confirmed that probiotics can pre-vent the onset of early stage colon cancer as well as non-colorec-tal cancer mainly via several mechanisms,such as adjustment of intestinal flora,regulation of immune response,anti-inflammato-inactivation of metabolic carcinogen, antioxidant and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. However,the specific underlying molecular mechanism still needs to be further studied. The latest studies on human have shown that intestinal microbiota combining with diet can alter the risk of special colorectal cancer. As a cancer chemoprevention strategy, more pre-clinical and clinical research are in need for the study of the effects of probiotics on cancer prevention and treatment.

Effect of Fagopyrum cymosum (Trev.) Meisn alcohol extract on defecation and isolated colon of diarrhea-IBS rats and its mechanism / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the intervention of Fagopyrum cymosum (Trev.) Meisn alcohol extract (FAE) on defecation function and motor functions of isolated colons of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS) rats and to study its underlying mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The D-IBS rat model was established by neonatal pups maternal separation (NMS) combined with intracolonic infusion of acetic acid (AA). Adult IBS rats were randomly divided into the pre-intervention control group (n = 10, with no gastrogavage), the normal saline control group (n = 10, administered with normal saline by gastrogavage), the pre-treatment model group (n = 8,with no gastrogavage),the normal saline model group (n = 8, administered with normal saline by gastrogavage), the low dose FAE group (n = 8, administered with 6 g/kg FAE by gastrogavage), the high dose FAE group (n = 8, administered with 24 g/kg FAE by gastrogavage), and the Pinaverium Bromide group (n = 8, administered with 0.02 g/kg Pinaverium Bromide by gastrogavage). All medication was performed once daily for 2 weeks. The abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) was employed to evaluate the visceral hypersensitivity; their loose and watery stool grade was assessed by Bristol scores for stool consistency; and their fresh feces weight was calculated. In vitro effect of different concentrations of FAE and Pinaverium Bromide (0.02 μg/mL) on spontaneous contraction and spasmodic contraction induced by acetylcholine (Ach) in rats' isolated colon were observed and the influence on the intestinal calcium channel was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the pre-intervention control group, the pain pressure threshold and the maximum tolerance pressure decreased significantly in the pre-intervention model group (P < 0.05), and the loose and watery stool grade and fresh feces weight increased drastically (P < 0.01). Compared with the normal saline control group, the pain pressure threshold and the maximum tolerance pressure decreased significantly in the normal saline model group (P < 0.05), and the loose and watery stool grade and fresh feces weight increased markedly (P < 0.01). Compared with the normal saline model group, the pain pressure threshold of 24 g/kg FAE and Pinaverium Bromide group significantly increased (P < 0.05). The loose and watery stool grade and fresh feces weight decreased obviously in the low dose FAE group, the high dose FAE group, and the Pinaverium Bromide group (P < 0.05). FAE (30, 100, 300, 1,000, and 3,000 μg/mL) and Pinaverium Bromide could significantly inhibit spontaneous contraction of isolated intestines (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and FAE (30, 100, and 300 x 10(-6) g/mL) could remarkably inhibit their spasmodic contraction and contractile tension induced by Ach and Ca2+ respectively (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in a concentration-dependent manner. Pinaverium Bromide also could significantly inhibit Ach and Ca2+ induced contraction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Effective components of FAE improved the defecation function and inhibited enterospasm induced intestinal hyperactivity in IBS model rats via antagonizing calcium channel competitively and inhibiting colonic motility dose-dependently.</p>

Perioperative cardiovascular abnormality in elder patients with silent coronary heart disease / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the perioperative cardiovascular dysfunction and its relevance to age in patients with silent coronary heart disease (or silent myocardial ischemia), and explore the clinical treatment and recovery of perioperative arrhythmias.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and eighty cases were selected from selective surgery patients with silent myocardial ischemia (SMI). Among the cases, 130 patients older than 51 years old were divided into 51 - 60 year-old group, 61- 70 year-old group and 71 - 80 year-old group. Control group was set up by other 50 patients younger than 51 years old. Electrocardiogram data of 24 h before the operation, 24 h after the operation and 48 h after the operation were continuously monitored by dynamic electrocardiogram (DCG). The electrocardiogram data of ST shifting, arrhythmia incidences of different type and at different time were analyzed by professional doctors. At the same time, the treatment and recovery of perioperative arrhythmia were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As the age increase, the magnitude and duration of ST shifting appeared upward trend compared to the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The incidence of ST elevation in 71 - 80 year-old group was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The ST depression duration in 61 - 70 and 71 - 80 year-old group and ST elevation magnitude in 71 - 80 year-old group were higher than 51 - 60 year-old group (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the incidence of accelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIR) in 61 - 70 year-old group and the incidence of sinus bradycardia (SB), ventricular premature beat (VPB), ventricular tachycardia (VT) in 71 - 80 year-old group were higher (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared to the 51 - 60 year-old group, the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in 61 - 70 year-old group and the incidence of VP, VT, AF in 71 - 80 year-old group were higher (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The arrhythmia incidences in 24 h after operation were higher than 48 h after operation and 24 h before operation (P < 0.01). As the age increase, the recovery incidence by removing inducement was decreased, but the recovery incidences by drug and electric-shock treatment were increased (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Old SMI patients have high levels of perioperative myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia, and 24 h after operation is the period of high incidence.</p>