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AIM: To investigate the effect of residual astigmatism on visual quality after phacoemulsification combined with regional refractive intraocular lens(IOL)implantation in patients with age-related cataract, and to evaluate the astigmatism inclusivity of regional refractive IOL.METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of 62 cases(73 eyes)of age-related cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification combined with regional refractive IOL(Lentis Comfort LS-313 MF15)implantation from July 2020 to March 2022 at the ophthalmology department of our hospital were collected. They were grouped according to residual astigmatism at 6 mo postoperatively, taking 35 cases(40 eyes)with residual astigmatism of 0.75 D to 1.50 D as the experimental group, and 27 cases(33 eyes)with residual astigmatism ≤0.75 D as the control group. Visual acuity, defocus curves, objective visual acuity [wavefront aberrations, Strehl ratio(SR), modulation transfer functions(MTF)], subjective visual acuity(national eye institute visual function questionnaire-25), patients' satisfaction, and spectacle independence were compared between the two groups at 6 mo postoperatively.RESULTS:There was a difference in the preoperative astigmatism and the number of postoperative 6 mo residual astigmatism between the two groups(P<0.01). At 6 mo postoperatively, there was no difference in uncorrected distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity, objective visual quality, subjective visual quality, satisfaction, and spectacle independence between the two groups(P>0.05). The defocus curves showed that there was no difference in visual acuity between the two groups at all points in the +2.00 to -4.00 D defocus range of the additional spherical equivalent(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Lentis Comfort LS-313 MF15 IOL was able to accommodate regular astigmatism of 1.50 D.
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Objective:To learn about the current situation of prevention and control of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis (coal burning fluorosis for short) in Yunnan Province, and comprehensively evaluate the implementation effect of prevention and control measures.Methods:From August to November 2020, according to the requirements of the Monitoring Program of Yunnan Province for Coal-burning-borne Endemic Fluorosis (2019 edition), monitoring was carried out in all natural villages in the disease areas of 13 counties (cities and districts, hereinafter referred to as counties) of the province, and 30 households were selected from each natural village to monitor the use of stoves and the formation of related healthy living behaviors. At the same time, children aged 8 - 12 years in the natural villages in the disease areas were examined for the prevalence of dental fluorosis. The evaluation for control and elimination of disease areas was carried out in accordance with the Evaluation Approach for Control and Elimination of Priority Endemic Diseases (2019 edition).Results:A total of 392 244 households were investigated, and the rates of qualified improved stoves, the correct utilization of qualified improved stoves and correct drying of corn and pepper were 99.42% (389 982/392 244), 99.70% (388 796/389 982) and 99.07% (388 579/392 244), respectively. A total of 227 057 children aged 8 - 12 years were examined, 9 413 children of dental fluorosis were detected, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 4.15%, the dental fluorosis index was 0.10, and the prevalence intensity was negative. Taking the county as a unit, except Fuyuan and Zhenxiong, which reached the control standard of the disease area, the remaining 11 counties reached the elimination standard.Conclusion:The prevention and control measures on coal burning fluorosis are implemented well in Yunnan Province and healthy lifestyle has gradually taken shape, with the overall condition of the disease reduced.
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Objective:To understand the contents of edible salt iodine and urinary iodine of children and pregnant women in Yunnan Province, and to evaluate the iodine nutrition status, so as to provide a basis for scientific prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).Methods:From November to December 2020, one county (city) was selected from each prefecture (city), two townships (towns and streets) were selected from each county (city) and two villages (neighborhood committees) were selected from each township (town and street) from each of the 16 prefectures (cities) in Yunnan Province as the investigation sites. A total of 20 non-boarding children (male and female balanced) aged 8 - 10 years old were selected from each primary school in each village (neighborhood committee) to collect salt and urine samples. A total of 80 children were investigated in each county (city). A total of 20 pregnant women were selected from each township (town and street) to collect salt and urine samples. A total of 40 pregnant women were investigated in each county (city). All salt samples and urine samples were tested for iodine contents.Results:A total of 2 009 salt samples and 2 041 urine samples (1 375 for children, 666 for pregnant women) were collected from children aged 8 - 10 years old and pregnant women in 16 counties (cities) of Yunnan Province. Among them, the median salt iodine was 26.0 mg/kg, the coverage rate of iodized salt was 100.0% (2 009/2 009), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.7% (1 982/2 009), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 98.7% (1 982/2 009). The difference of salt iodine content in key populations in different counties (cities) was statistically significant ( H = 258.98, P < 0.01). The median urinary iodine of children aged 8 - 10 years old was 188.5 μg/L. There was statistically significant difference in urinary iodine content among children of different ages ( H = 29.45, P < 0.01), but there was no statistically significant difference in urinary iodine content among children of different genders ( H = 1.43, P > 0.05). In addition, the median urinary iodine of pregnant women was 141.9 μg/L, 52.1% (347/666) was < 150 μg/L. There was statistically significant difference in urinary iodine content of pregnant women in different counties (cities, H = 88.32, P < 0.01). Conclusions:The qualified rate of iodized salt, the coverage rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in key populations of Yunnan Province are more than 90%, and the iodized salt supply is good. Iodine nutrition of children aged 8 - 10 years old is at an appropriate level (100 - 199 μg/L); iodine nutrition of pregnant women is in an state of iodine deficiency ( < 150 μg/L). It is suggested to strengthen IDD monitoring and health education among key populations, improve residents' awareness of disease prevention, and make scientific iodine supplementation.
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Objective To investigate the effect of RhoC expression in vascular endothelial cells on the proliferation and invasion of myeloma RPMI8226 cells and its possible mechanism. Methods RhoC shRNA lentivirus vector was constructed and transfected into myeloma vascular endothelial cells (MVECs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The effects of conditioned medium on the proliferation, cell cycle and invasion of RPMI8226 cells were detected by CCK-8 test, flow cytometry and Transwell test. The expression of CDK, CyclinD1, AKT, PI3K, MMP2 and MMP9 were detected by Western blot. Results The expression of RhoC in MVECs and HUVECs were downregulated. The proliferation and invasion of RPMI8226 cells in RhoC shRNA group were lower than those in negative control group, and the cell cycle was blocked in G0/G1 phase (P < 0.05). The expressions of CDK, CyclinD1, AKT, PI3K, MMP2 and MMP9 in RhoC shRNA group were lower than those in negative control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The expression of RhoC in MVECs can regulate the proliferation and invasion of myeloma RPMI8226 cells, and the mechanism may be related to the participation of CDK, CyclinD1, AKT, PI3K, MMP2 and MMP9.
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Objective To investigate the status of coal-burning type endemic fluorosis in Ludian County of Yunnan Province,to evaluate the prevention and control effect.Methods Multi-stage sampling was adopted in 2016.Five townships from Ludian endemic fluorosis areas and 2 villages of each township were randomly selected.The condition (children's dental fluorosis,urinary fluoride,adult skeletal fluorosis),epidemic factors (use of stoves,fluoride content of main household foods,indoor air fluoride content),health education awareness of endemic fluorosis were investigated in the above mentioned villages.Results The dental fluorosis positive rate of children aged 8-12 was 10.14％ (51/503) while a total of 503 children were investigated,the index of dental fluorosis was 0.16,and adult skeletal fluorosis detection rate was 1.92％ (2/104) while a total of 104 adults were investigated.The geometric mean of urinary fluoride content of children was 0.39 mg/L,ranging from 0.02 to 2.54 mg/L.Totally 98,161,and 151 samples of pepper,rice,and corn were detected.The medians of fluoride content were 0.96,0.42,and 0.43 mg/kg,respectively,ranging from 0.26 to 13.46,0.13 to 2.20,and 0.21 to 2.54 mg/kg,respectively,in which the fluorine contents of pepper 48.98％ (48/98) was higher than 1.0 mg/kg.The correct drying rates of both corn and pepper were 100.00％ (201/201),and the correct preservation rates of corn and pepper was 99.50％ (200/201) and 100.00％ (201/201),respectively.The use rate of improved stove,rate of intact stove,correct use rate of intact stove were 100.00％ (201/201),96.02％ (193/201) and 100.00％ (193/193),respectively.The fluoride contents in the indoor air of the families (the fire period was 0.32 μg/m3 and the fire extinguishing period was 1.22 μg/m3) from the areas of fluorosis which had properly used the improved stoves were lower than that of the national hygienic limit content (the one-hour average concentration limit is 20 μg/m3).The knowledge of prevention and control of coal-burning type fluorosis among fifth-grade primary school students and household heads was investigated in 104 and 201 people,respectively,with the awareness rates of 80.77％ (252/312) and 86.23％ (520/603),respectively.Conclusion By implementing the comprehensive prevention and control measures,which mainly focus on the improvement of the stove and the health education,the coal-burning fluorosis in Ludian County has been effectively controlled,and the prevention and control work has achieved remarkable results.
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Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Yunnan Province,to evaluate the effect of prevention and control measures,to find out existing problems,and to guide the development of prevention and control measures in Yunnan Province.Methods All villages in 14 drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis areas were selected in Yunnan Province in 2015,in which the progress and effectiveness of water-improving and defluoridation projects were investigated.Fluoride content of drinking water was determined by standard test method for drinking water (GB/T 5750.5-2006),and dental fluorosis of all children aged 8 to 12 was examined.Dental fluorosis diagnosis was based on "Diagnostic Criteria for Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis"(WS/T 208-2011).Results In the 143 disease affected villages,the water improvement projects were completed in 138 villages with accomplishment rate 96.50％ (138/143),127 water improvement projects were normal operated with the normal operation rate 92.03％ (127/138).Totally 126 water improvement projects were tested for fluorine content and 120 of them were qualified with qualified rate 95.24％ (120/126).A total of 3 449 children aged 8 to 12 were monitored,the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 4.00％ (138/3 449),the dental fluorosis index was 0.08.Totally 11 out of the 14 disease affected counties had met the disease control standards.Conclusion The prevalence of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Yunnan Province has been under control,but management and monitoring of the water improvement projects still should be strengthened.
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Objective To analyze the imaging characteristics of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( FDG) PET/ CT in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods Sixty-eight patients (41 males, 27 females, age (61.5±17.2) years) with pathologically proven MM were retrospectively reviewed between January 2011 and August 2016. Imaging characteristics of 18 F-FDG PET/ CT in patients were analyzed. Maximum stand-ardized uptake value (SUVmax ), score of the bone involvement (bones of whole body were classified into 10 groups, and when 1 group was involved, the score was 1), the number of bone lesions and soft tissue swell-ing around bone lesions were investigated. Results A total of 1310 lesions were detected in 68 MM pa-tients. The SUVmax varied widely and mild metabolic activity (2.5≤SUVmax<5.0) was observed in the high-est proportion of MM patients (49.8％, 652/ 1310). The SUVmax of MM patients was 6.63±3.02. The score of bone involvement was 4.49±3.01. The number of bone lesions was 10.50(3.00, 33.00), and soft tissue swelling around bone lesions was observed in 22 patients. Conclusions There are special imaging charac-teristics of 18 F-FDG PET/ CT in MM patients, such as multiple osteolytic lesions with mild to moderate met-abolic activity, clear boundary and extensive bone involvement, and lesions usually limit to the skeletal sys-tem. The characteristics are of certain value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MM.
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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic role of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/ CT in female patients with ascites of unknown origin by analyzing the characteristics of PET/ CT images. Meth?ods From April 2011 to December 2016, 117 female (average age: 58 years) with ascites of unknown ori-gin who underwent 18 F-FDG PET/ CT or whose ascites were found by PET/ CT were retrospectively analyzed. The causes of ascites, level of ascites metabolism in PET/ CT, diagnostic efficacy of PET/ CT for localizing primary tumor and metastasis were analyzed. Two-sample t test was used to analyze the data. Results The most common cause of female ascites was ovarian cancer, accounting for 35.0％(41/ 117). The mean stand-ardized uptake value (SUVmean ) of malignant ascites was higher than that of benign ascites (1.41±0.40 vs 0. 94±0.47; t= 3.92, P<0.05). The total detection rate of 18 F-FDG PET/ CT for primary or metastatic tumor in malignant ascites was 89.4％(93/ 104), and 75.6％(31/ 41) for malignant ascites originating from ovari-an cancer. For patients with ovarian cancer, 18 F-FDG PET/ CT clearly localized the primary tumors in 24. 4％(10/ 41) patients and metastasis in 51.2％(21/ 41) patients. Conclusions Ovarian cancer is the most common cause of female ascites. 18 F-FDG PET/ CT has a high diagnostic value for qualitative and etio-logical diagnosis for ascites of unknown origin in females.
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Purpose To investigate the expression of c-myc and MDM2 protein in multiple myeloma (MM) and their correlation with clinical stage.Methods Immunohistochemical SP three-step method was used to detect the expression of MDM2 and c-myc protein in 60 cases of MM with different clinical stages and 10 cases of nontumorous bone marrow tissue.Results The positive rate of c-myc protein in MM and nontumorous bone marrow tissue were 71.7％ and 10.0％;the positive rate of MDM2 protein in two tissues were 80.0％ and 20.0％,respectively.The expression difference of two proteins between MM and nontumorous bone marrow tissue was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of c-myc and MDM2 protein was positively correlated with MM clinical ISS stage (P ＜ 0.05),but irrelevant with the age and gender.The expression of c-myc and MDM2 protein in MM was positively correlated (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The c-myc and MDM2 protein have a highly expression in MM,and it may be relative to the occurrence of MM and clinical stage.In the MM,c-myc and MDM2 protein may have synergetic functions and promote the development of tumor.
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Objective To investigate the expression of Vav1 in gastric cancer(GC), and analyze its potential relevance to clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance in GC patients. Methods The mRNA expression level of Vav1 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR in GC cell lines (HGC-27,SGC7901 and MGC803) and normal gastric mucosa cell line (GES-1). In addition, the protein expression of Vav1 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed samples from 105 GC patients. The associations between clinical pathological features and Vav1 protein expression were evaluated in GC patients. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors influencing the prognosis of GC. Results The mRNA expression levels of Vav1 were significantly higher in GC cell lines (HGC-27, SGC7901, MGC803) than those in normal gastric mucosa cell line (GES-1, P<0.05). The positive expression of Vav1 in GC tissues was correlated with diameter of tumor and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The univariate analysis showed that size of tumor, degree of differentiation, serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis and Vav1 expression were significantly related with prognosis of GC (P<0.05). Results of Cox regression showed that tumor invasion depth (HR=2.764, 95%CI 1.316-5.817, P=0.007), lymph node metastasis (HR=1.298, 95%CI 1.098-1.534, P=0.002) and Vav1 expression (HR=2.577, 95%CI 1.066-3.946, P=0.006) were the risk factors affecting prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Conclusion Vav1 performs important role in the aggressiveness of GC, and Vav1 may serve as a novel prognostic factor in GC.
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Objectives To study the prevailing status of coal-burning type endemic fluorosis in Fuyuan County of Yunnan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for fluorosis control and prevention. Methods In 2013, five towns were selected from the villages and towns which the defluoridation stove project was implemented and by the end of 2007 defluoridation stove rate was higher than 95%(including 95%), and two natural villages were selected in each township to carry out the investigation. Dental fluorosis was examined of all children aged 8 to 12 of survey points. At least 20 people were selected in each village. At the same time, 20 copies of instant urine samples were collected from these children of half male and half female, and urinary fluoride was determined. Then five natural villages were sampled from all survey points, and permanent residents were divided into25-,35-,45-,55-and≥65groups according to age. Six people were selected from each group with male and female in half who were conducted examination of adult skeletal fluorosis by X-ray. Dental fluorosis diagnosis was based on theDental Fluorosis Diagnosis(WS/T 208-2011). Urinary fluoride determination was done in accordance withUrine-Determination of Fluoride-Ion Specific Electrode Method(WS/T 30-1996). Skeletal fluorosis diagnosis was carried out according to Diagnostic Criteria for Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis (WS 192-2008). Results A total of 556 children aged 8 to 12 were monitored, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 41.55%(231/556), the dental fluorosis index was 0.78. The very mild, mild, moderate and severe proportions of children's dental fluorosis were 20.50%(114/556), 17.09%(95/556), 3.60%(20/556) and 0.36%(2/556), respectively, given priority to very mild. The prevalence of dental fluorosis in children was increased with increasing age (χ2=74.27, P<0.05). One hundred and ninety-three copies of child urine samples were tested, the geometric mean of urinary fluoride was 0.62 mg/L, and the urinary fluoride contents were between 0.10-2.93 mg/L. A total of 116 adults were examined, and the detection rate of skeletal fluorosis was 9.48%(11/116). Detected cases of skeletal fluorosis was given priority to mild (9 cases, accounted for 81.81%), more men cases [16.36% (9/55)] than those of women [3.28% (2/61), χ2 = 5.77, P< 0.05]. Conclusion The hazard of coal-burning type fluorosis has been reduced in Fuyuan County , the affect of defluoridation stove project is obvious.
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Objective To investigate the clinical values of quantitative ultrasound elastography technique in detecting internal carotid artery thickness .Methods One hundred and forty healthy objects who have conducted physical examination in our hospital from February 2012 to August 2015 were selected ,and divided in to three groups:the healthy control group (n=40;IMT<0 .9 mm) ,the IMT thickening group (n=60;0 .9 mm≤ IMT < 1 .3 mm) and plaque group(n= 40 ;IMT ≥1 .3 mm) .All the three groups conducted routine ultrasound and quantitative ultrasound elastography ,and the clinical data investigation and laboratory ex‐amination were carried out at the same time .Results The TC ,LDL‐C values in the plaque group and intimal thickening group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0 .05) .The AC values in the plaque group and intimal thickening group were signif‐icantly higher than the control group (P<0 .05) ,while the AI and PWVβvalues were significantly lower(P<0 .05) .Linear corre‐lation analysis showed that IMT were positively correlated to the AI ,PWVβ (r=0 .512 ,P <0 .05 ;r= 0 .483 ,P<0 .05) ,and the AC were negatively correlated (r= -0 .713 ,P<0 .05);Logistic analysis showed that LDL‐C ,AC ,PWVβwere the major independ‐ent risk factors for IM T (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Ultrasound elasticity quantitative detection of neck vessels is safe and can non‐in‐vasive dynamically observe blood vessel wall changes during the progression of atherosclerosis ,thus it's helpful in the judge and i‐dentification of internal carotid artery thickness .
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Objective To investigate the effect of Smo siRNA on the aggressive capability of human esophageal carcinoma EC9706 cells.Methods EC9706 cells were transfected by Smo siRNA.The expressions of Smo and Glil protein in experimental and control groups were detected with immunocytochemistry.The expressions of Smo and Gli1 mRNA in experimental and control groups were detected with in situ hybridization.The change of aggressive capability in all groups was detected by Boyden chamber in vitro.Results Compared with control group,there was a significant decrease in the protein and mRNA levels of Smo and Gli1 in every specific siRNA transfection group with three different concentration (P ＜ 0.05).The aggressive capability of EC9706 cells was significantly weakened after the transfection (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Smo siRNA can inhibit the expressions of Smo and Gli1 genes in EC9706 cells,and can also weaken the aggressive capability of EC9706 cells.
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Objective To explore the value of SUV in patients with ascites of unknown cause.Methods A total of 55 patients (24 males,31 females,average age 54.8 years,age range:23-82 years) with ascites of unknown cause who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT scan were retrospectively enrolled in this study.SUVmax and SUVmean of ascites and liver were measured and their ratios (T/NT) were calculated and compared by two-sample t test.All patients were followed up and had final diagnoses.Sensitivity,specifici ty,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated respectively.The diagnostic efficiency was compared among 18F-FDG PET/CT tumor localization alone,ascites radioactivity and ascites cytology examination by x2 test or Fisher exact test.Results Besides the high metabolized primary lesions and/or metastasis,the liver and spleen swamped by ascites with high radioactivity were visualized on MIP images.The SUVmax and SUVmean of malignant ascites were 1.78±0.65 and 1.37±0.38 respectively,which were higher than those of benign ascites (1.11±0.36 and 0.72±0.22; t=4.13,6.82,both P＜0.05).T/NT of malignant ascites was higher than that of benign ascites (SUVmax:0.64±0.20 vs 0.48±0.12,t =3.27,SUVmeax:0.68±0.17 vs 0.38±0.10,t =7.21 ; both P＜0.05).The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of SUV in ascites were 75.0％ (27/36),94.7％ (18/19) and 81.8％ (45/55),respectively.The sensitivity and accuracy of SUV were higher than those of cytological examination (44.4％ (16/36) and 63.6％ (35/55) ; x2 =6.98,4.58,both P＜0.05).The specificity of SUV was higher than that of tumor localization by 18F-FDG PET/CT (63.2％,12/19; x2 =5.70,P＜0.05).Conclusion Significantly higher SUVmax and SUV in malignant ascites than benign ascites were noted,which might play an adjuvant role in patients with ascites of unknown cause.
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Clinical, radiological and pathological presentations in two children with epidermal nevus syndrome were analyzed and relevant literature was reviewed.Two patients both had typical epidermal nevus and abnormal cerebral radiography, which was associated with mental retardation, epilepsy, language and movement retardation.One case was complicated with an ocular tumor.Pathological investigations of the epidermal nevus revealed papilliform proliferation in squamous epidermis.The disorder may have a systemic involvement besides cutaneous lesions, with a predilection for the central nervous system.Early diagnosis and therapy may help to improve patients life quality.
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Objective To investigate the effect ofglycesylated hemoglobin(GHbA,c) on tissue-type plasminngen activator (t-PA)and level of serum plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in patients with early diabetic nephropathy (DN).MethodNinety patients with early DN from April 2004 to May 2005 were divided into 3 groups according to the level of GHbA1c,which was respectively less than 7% (group A),between 7% and 9% (group B),and more than 9% (greup C).Thirty healthy adults were chosen as control group.The levels of serum GHbA1c,t-PA and PAI-1 were detected on empty stomach in the morning.Results The level of serum t-PA was lower,the activity of PAI-1 was higher in groups of DN than those in control group (P＜0.05 or＜0.01),and those were changed with the level of GHbA,c.There were significant differences between group C and group A[t-PA:(0.14± 0.06),(0.28± 0.11) U/ml; PAI-1 (3.25 ±1.01),(1.90q± 1.09) U/ml](P＜0.05).Conclusions The fibrinolytic system exists unbalance in patients with early DN.Continuous hyperglycemia in patients with early DN make unbalanced fibrinolytic system more serious.Controlling the level of GHbA1c strictly can play an important role in delaying DN progress.
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A preliminary experimental research on the proliferation and differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields is done. The experimental results can be well repeated, showing that 50 Hz magnetic fields can evidently affect the proliferation and differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), besides, the results are not linear with the amplitude of magnetic fields, but existing therein a 'window' phenomenon. At the end of this paper, the domestic and overseas development of the research is discussed on with the emphasis how to cure the bone fracture with the help of magnetic fields, and our investigative thoughts are also presented.