Abnormal Dynamic Functional Connectivity of the Left Rostral Hippocampus in Predicting Antidepressant Efficacy in Major Depressive Disorder

Objective@#Some pharmacological treatments are ineffective in parts of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), hence this needs prediction of effective treatment responses. The study aims to examine the relationship between dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of the hippocampal subregion and antidepressant improvement of MDD patients and to estimate the capability of dFC to predict antidepressant efficacy. @*Methods@#The data were from 70 MDD patients and 43 healthy controls (HC); the dFC of hippocampal subregions was estimated by sliding-window approach based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI). After 3 months treatment, 36 patients underwent second R-fMRI scan and were then divided into the response group and non-response group according to clinical responses. @*Results@#The result manifested that MDD patients exhibited lower mean dFC of the left rostral hippocampus (rHipp.l) compared with HC. After 3 months therapy, the response group showed lower dFC of rHipp.l compared with the non-response group. The dFC of rHipp.l was also negatively correlated with the reduction rate of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. @*Conclusion@#These findings highlighted the importance of rHipp in MDD from the dFC perspective. Detection and estimation of these changes might demonstrate helpful for comprehending the pathophysiological mechanism and for assessment of treatment reaction of MDD.

Aberrant Effective Connectivity of the Ventral Putamen in Boys With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Objective@#The connectivity alterations in the putamen were found in revealing the neural correlates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but whether the effective connectivity of the putamen is atypical in ADHD remains unclear. Investigating this abnormality contributes to describing the neural circuit of ADHD at the level of macrostructural organization. @*Methods@#Data were acquired from thirty-two boys with ADHD and fifty-two matched typically developing controls (TDC) from Peking University (Peking) dataset deposited at the Neuroimaging Informatics Tools and Resources Clearinghouse (NITRC) platform. We examined the effective connectivity of the putamen using Granger causality analysis (GCA) and then determined whether these connections could differentiate ADHD from TDC. @*Results@#Compared with TDC, the ADHD group showed decreased effective connectivity from the left ventral rostral putamen (VRP) to left calcarine (CAL), right medial part of the superior frontal gyrus, left orbital part of superior frontal gyrus and left middle occipital gyrus (MOG). Increased effective connectivity from the left inferior occipital gyrus and right lingual gyrus to left VRP was also found in ADHD. The result of the classification accuracy showed that 72.3% of participants were correctly classified using support vector machine. Moreover, GCA values from the left VRP to left CAL and left MOG were significantly correlated with hyper/impulsive scores of patients with ADHD. @*Conclusion@#The findings may help extend our understanding of the ADHD-related neural loops.

Aberrant Effective Connectivity of the Ventral Putamen in Boys With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Objective@#The connectivity alterations in the putamen were found in revealing the neural correlates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but whether the effective connectivity of the putamen is atypical in ADHD remains unclear. Investigating this abnormality contributes to describing the neural circuit of ADHD at the level of macrostructural organization. @*Methods@#Data were acquired from thirty-two boys with ADHD and fifty-two matched typically developing controls (TDC) from Peking University (Peking) dataset deposited at the Neuroimaging Informatics Tools and Resources Clearinghouse (NITRC) platform. We examined the effective connectivity of the putamen using Granger causality analysis (GCA) and then determined whether these connections could differentiate ADHD from TDC. @*Results@#Compared with TDC, the ADHD group showed decreased effective connectivity from the left ventral rostral putamen (VRP) to left calcarine (CAL), right medial part of the superior frontal gyrus, left orbital part of superior frontal gyrus and left middle occipital gyrus (MOG). Increased effective connectivity from the left inferior occipital gyrus and right lingual gyrus to left VRP was also found in ADHD. The result of the classification accuracy showed that 72.3% of participants were correctly classified using support vector machine. Moreover, GCA values from the left VRP to left CAL and left MOG were significantly correlated with hyper/impulsive scores of patients with ADHD. @*Conclusion@#The findings may help extend our understanding of the ADHD-related neural loops.

Effects of Small Qinglong Decoction Medicine-Containing Serum on ASMC Proliferation Action Induced by ET-1 / 中华中医药杂志

Objective: To observe the effects of Small Qinglong Decoction medicine-containing serum on ASMC proliferation action induced by ET-1.Methods: There were six groups in the experiment: normal group(10% normal control serum),model group(ET-1 added 10% normal control serum),Small Qinglong Decoction high dose group(ET-1 added 10% Small Qinglong Decoction high dose serum),Small Qinglong Decoction middle dose group(ET-1 added 10% Small Qinglong Decoction middle dose serum),Small Qinglong Decoction low dose group(ET-1 added 10% Small Qinglong Decoction low dose serum) and Dexamethasone group(ET-1 added 10% Dexamethasone serum),eight slots every group.ASMC proliferation status of 24h,48h and 72h were detected with MTT chromometry.Results: Compared with model group,ASMC proliferation in Small Qinglong Decoction low dose group medicine-containing serum each stage and middle dose group24h and 72h all had significant difference(P

Treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by treating both deficiency and excess / 中华中医药杂志

Professor HONG Guang-xiang is one of the first group of prestigious TCM experts in china.He is a famous expert in internal medicine of TCM and skilfuls at treating pulmonary disease.Reinforcing deficiency and purging excess is the principle of treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).There are different symptom of xu-shi in different period of COPD,the article introduces the thinking and unique experience prescription of HONG Guang-xiang about treating both deficiency and excess basis on the stage of COPD.