Efficacy of low intensity pulsed ultrasound in the treatment of erectile dysfunction / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the efficacy of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). 【Methods】 A total of 121 ED patients treated during June 2020 and June 2022 were selected as the research objects. According to the International Erectile Index Score (IIEF-EF), the patients were divided into three subgroups:mild (17-25 points), moderate (11-16 points), and severe (0-10 points). The total effective rate, erectile hardness scale (EHS), sex life log questions (SEP), general assessment questionnaire (GAQ), peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), and adverse reactions of the three groups before treatment, 4 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment were analyzed. 【Results】 A total of 119 patients completed the follow-up. There were significant increases in IIEF-EF and EHS at week 4 and 12 (P<0.05), and the total effective rate was 69.75% and 76.47%, respectively. The total effective rate was significantly higher in the mild and moderate groups than in the severe group at week 4 and 12 (P<0.05). The patients who answered "yes" to SEP2 and SEP3 accounted for 91.60% and 71.43%, respectively at week 4, and 92.44% and 78.15% at week 12, both significantly higher than the rates before treatment (52.10% and 27.73%, P<0.05). The proportion of patients who answered "yes" to GAQl and GAQ2 at week 4 were 84.87% and 71.43%, respectively, and were 82.35% and 70.59% respectively at week 12, with no significant difference. The PSV level significantly increased at week 12 compared to that before treatment [(48.85±14.11) cm/s vs. (41.42±14.90) cm/s] (P<0.05), while the EDV level significantly decreased [(-0.57±7.01) cm/s vs. (2.25± 5.68)cm/s] (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 LIPUS can improve erectile function in ED patients without obvious adverse reactions.

Application of the “virtual-real combination” experimental teaching model in Human Parasitology teaching: a case study of comprehensive schistosome experiments / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Information technology has become an important driver to facilitate higher education developments in the context of new medical sciences. A new “virtual-real combination” experimental teaching model was designed and created through integrating information technology with experimental teaching by Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University and was applied in Human Parasitology teaching, which achieved satisfactory teaching effectiveness. This new model showed effective to deepen the understanding of the basic human parasitology knowledge, improve the operative skills, and cultivate the moral literacy and comprehensive capability among medical students. This report presents the teaching protocols and implementation, teaching effectiveness and evaluation, and experiences of comprehensive schistosome experiments.

Canagliflozin Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Lipid Metabolism and Inhibiting Inflammation through Induction of Autophagy

Purpose@#Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with metabolic diseases, including obesity and diabetes, and has gradually become the most common cause of chronic liver disease. We investigated the effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor canagliflozin on NAFLD in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and possible underlying mechanisms. @*Materials and Methods@#Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal-diet, HFD, or HFD with canagliflozin for 14 weeks. AML-12 hepatocytes were treated with canagliflozin. Expression of related pathways was assessed. @*Results@#Canagliflozin administration reduced body weight and fat mass, compared with HFD alone. Canagliflozin improved glucose and lipid metabolic disorders. Compared with HFD-fed mice, liver weight, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, and hepatic lipid accumulation were decreased after canagliflozin administration. Additionally, canagliflozin upregulated lipolysis markers (CPT1a, ACOX1, and ACADM), downregulated lipogenesis markers (SREBP-1c and FASN), and suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, MCP1, IL-1β, and IL-6), consistent with significantly increased LC3 II/I and Atg7 levels in the liver following canagliflozin treatment. In vitro, canagliflozin increased CPT1a, ACOX1, and ACADM expression, decreased SREBP-1c and FASN protein expression, and reduced TNFα, MCP1, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA levels in lipid mixture (LM)-induced hepatocytes in a dose-dependent manner. These changes were reversed by 3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor. @*Conclusion@#Our findings suggest that canagliflozin ameliorates the pathogenesis of NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism and inhibiting inflammation, which may be associated with its promotion of autophagy.

Changes in proprioception and the volume of grey matter after anterior cruciate ligament rupture / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To investigate any changes in proprioception or grey matter volume (GMV) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture.Methods:Eighteen male patients with right-side ACL rupture (diagnosed through clinical examination and MRI) and healthy right hand function constituted the case group, while another 18 right-handed healthy counterparts were enrolled as the control group. Proprioception, balance and functional performance were assessed for both groups using the anteroposterior shift of the tibia (APST), an active angle reproduction test (AART), a modified star excursion balance test (mSEBT) and single-leg hop distance (SHD). MRI (at 3.0T) was used to collect the brain structure images and SPM8 software was used to perform voxel-based morphometry. Any correlation between changes in function and GMV were analyzed.Results:Significant differences were observed between the two groups in their average APST, AART, SEBT and SHD scores. Compared with the healthy controls, the average volume of grey matter in the cerebelum-crus1-L was significantly larger in the case group, while their Supp_Motor_Area_R, Parietal_Sup_R, Parietal_Inf_R, Caudate_R and ParaHippocampal_R grey matter volumes were significantly smaller. Among the case group, the average volumes of their Supp_Motor_Area_Rs, Parietal_Sup_Rs, Parietal_Inf_Rs, and Caudate_Rs were negatively correlated with their mSEBT scores.Conclusions:The brain′s structure changes after ACL rupture and neuromuscular control becomes impaired. The cortical motor control strategy shifts to subcortical motor control after ACL rupture. The mSEBT can reflect indirectly the changes in brain structure plasticity after ACL rupture.

The effects of extinction training on DNA methylation protein and hippocampal newborn neurons in the conditioned-fear rat model / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of different extinction training on fear memory,DNA methylation protein and hippocampal newborn neurons in adult rats.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:naive group,conditioned fear group,traditional-extinction group and retrieval-extinction group.Conditioned fear models were established by tone paired foot shock,and retrieval-extinction training or traditional-extinction training were performed in adult rats.Retention test,Western blot and immunnohischemistry were used to detect the no-freezing time percentage,the DNA methylation protein level,the newborn neurons respectively at 1d,4d and 7d after different extinction training.Results The traditional-extinction group((28.06± 11.33) ％) or retrieval-extinction group((30.28± 11.48) ％) had higher percentage of no-freezing time than that of conditioned fear group((21.35±9.45) ％),and lower percentage of no-freezing time than that of naive group ((75.65±8.69)％) (t=2.204,2.517,7.955,7.023,all P＜0.05) at the fourth day after extinction training.At the seventh day after extinotion training,the retrieval-extinction group ((69.72±13.62)％) had higher percentage of no-freezing time than traditional-extinction group((24.27± 11.67)％,t=7.052,P＜0.01) or conditioned fear group((50.64± 12.51)％,t=2.451,P＜0.05),and showed no significant difference compared with naive group((72.03±9.36) ％,t=0.251,P＞0.05).The expressions of Dnmt-1 and MBD-2 in traditional-extinction group or retrieval-extinction group were lower than those in conditioned fear group,and higher than those in naive group (P＜0.05) at 4 d after extinction.training.At 7 d after extinction training,the expressions of Dnmt-1 and MBD-2 in retrieval-extinction group were lower than those in traditional-extinction group or conditioned fear group (P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference between retrieval-extinction group and naive group.The Brdu-positive cells of traditional-extinction group or retrieval-extinction training were higher than conditioned fear group,and less than naive group (P＜0.05) at the fourth day after extinction training.At the seventh day after extinction training,the Brdu-positive cells in retrieval-extinction group were higher than those in traditional-extinction group or conditioned fear group (P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference between retrieval-extinction group and naive group.Conclusion The extinction training can decrease fear memory of rats with conditioned fear memory,and the effect of retrieval-extinction training were better than traditional-extinction training,which may be associated with the increases of hippocampus newborn neurons and the decline of DNA methylation.

Mechanism of ulinastatin in reducing lung inflammatory injury in rats with hemorrhagic shock / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of ulinastatin on the inflammatory mediators and their signaling pathways miR-146a/TLR4/NF-κB in rats with hemorrhagic shock.@*METHODS@#Seventy-two SD rats were randomly assigned into shock without resuscitation group (SR group, =24), acetated Ringer's solution resuscitation group (AR group, =24) and ulinastatin treatment group (=24). In all the 3 groups hemorrhagic shock models were established by femoral artery bleeding (with the mean arterial pressure maintained at 30-40 mmHg) without resuscitation (in SR group) or with resuscitation (in AR and ulinastatin groups) using acetated Ringer's solution for 30 min at 60 min after the onset of shock. At 1, 4, and 6 h after the shock onset or immediately after shock if the rats died, the lung tissues were taken for measurement of mRNA expressions of miR-146a, tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 using real-time quantitative PCR and the protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, IκB-, p-IκB-, NF-κB p65, IRAK4, p-IRAK4 (Thr345, Ser346), p-IRAK4 (Thr342) and TRAF6 using Western blotting. The lung histopathology of the rats was examined under optical microscope with HE staining.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the SR group, the rats in the AR group showed slightly alleviated inflammatory infiltration in the lung tissues with significantly increased mRNA levels of miR-146a, IL-4 and IL-10 ( < 0.05) and protein expressions of IκB-, p-IRAK4 (Thr342) and p-IRAK4 (Thr345, ser346) ( < 0.05), and decreased mRNA levels of TNF-, IL-1 and IL-6 ( < 0.05) and protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB p65, p-IκB-, IRAK-4 and TRAF6 ( < 0.05). Compared with those in AR group, the rats in ulinastatin group showed further alleviation of inflammatory lung tissue injury, with increased mRNA levels of miR-146a, IL-4 and IL-10 ( < 0.01) and protein expressions of IκB-, p-IRAK4 and p-IRAK4 ( < 0.01) and decreased mRNA levels of TNF-, IL-1 and IL-6 ( < 0.01) and protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB p65, p-IκB-, IRAK-4 and TRAF6 ( < 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Ulinastatin combined with acetated Ringer's solution resuscitation alleviates lung inflammations in rats with hemorrhagic shock possibly by enhancing miR-146a expression to regulate TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway through a negative feedback mechanism and thus modulate the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors.

Clinical effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α receptor II: IgG Fc fusion protein combined with sodium hyaluronate intra-articular injection in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To investigate the clinical efficacy of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α receptor II: IgG Fc fusion protein combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).@*Methods@#Forty adult RA patients (12 males, 28 females) aged from 36 to 79 were selected in Department of Rheumatology of the Second People′s hospital of Datong from February 2016 to February 2018.The patients were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group according to the digital table, with 20 cases in each group.The observation group was treated by intra-articular injection of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α receptor II: IgG Fc fusion protein and sodium hyaluronate, and the control group was only treated with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α receptor II: IgG Fc fusion protein.The joint swelling, joint pain, joint mobility, morning stiffness, X-ray grade and total effective rate of the two groups were statistically analyzed before and after treatment.@*Results@#Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in joint swelling, joint pain, joint mobility, morning stiffness, clinical score and X-ray grade between the two groups (all P>0.05). After treatment, the symptoms and signs of the two groups were obviously improved.The joint pain, joint pressure pain, joint activity, morning stiffness and clinical score in the observation group were (1.2±1.2)points, (0.8±0.7)points, (0.5±0.4)points, (0.7±0.7)points and (4.5±2.6)points, respetively, which were significantly better than those in the control group [(2.2±1.4)points, (1.5±0.9)points, (1.5±0.9)points, (1.5±0.6)points and (8.6±4.6)points, U=125, 111, 68, 89 and 97, all P<0.05]. The total effective rate of the observation group was 100% (20/20), while that of the control group was 75% (15/20), there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ2=14.10, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#The injection of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α receptor II: IgG Fc fusion protein combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of RA can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of RA patients, and it is more effective than single use.It is worthy of popularizing in clinic.

Robotic-assisted supraomohyoid neck dissection via retroauricular hairline incision / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To explore the feasibility of using da Vinci Surgical System to perform supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOND) to avoid visible scar and reduce trauma.@*Methods@#Between September 2017 and December 2018, twenty patients (two females and 18 males, mean age, 54.8 years) with oral cancer treated in the Department of Stomatology, Hainan Hospital of General Hospital of Chinese PLA were enrolled in this study. Eight patients were assigned into robotic surgery group, and received robot-assisted SOND with retroauricular hairline incision. After the da Vinci Surgical System robotic platform was positioned, the neck dissection was performed in level Ⅱb, Ⅱa, Ⅲ, Ⅰb and Ⅰa orderly from the near region to far region. The other 12 patients were assigned into traditional surgery group, and received SOND with a traditional incision. The operation time, bleeding and amount of lymph node dissected were compared between two groups.@*Results@#All the 8 cases of robot-assisted SOND were completed smoothly. Operation time [(4.5±1.0) h] was significantly longer in robotic surgery group than that [(2.5±1.0) h] in traditional surgery group (P<0.05). The amount of bleeding in robotic surgery group [30.0 (27.5) ml] was significantly lower than that in traditional surgery group [(100.0 (87.5) ml, P<0.05]. There′s no difference in the number of lymph nodes dissected between robotic surgery group (23.6±5.2) and traditional surgery group (22.8±6.0)(P>0.05). No postoperative hemorrhage, symptoms of nerve injury, flap necrosis and secondary healing were observed in robotic surgery group.@*Conclusions@#SOND through retroauricular hairline incision is feasible with the assistance of da Vinci Surgical System. The main advantage of this method is superior esthetic effects due to a hidden incision with minimal bleeding. There was no obvious differences in the amount of lymph nodes dissected and postoperative complications between two methods. However, robotic surgery costs a significantly longer operation time than traditional neck dissection.

In vitro combination susceptibility testing for detecting clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii by five kinds of antibiotics with sulbactam / 临床检验杂志

Objective To investigate the in vitro antibacterial activity of single cefoperazone,ceftazidime,imipenem,tigecycline and colistin and their combination with sulbactam against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii (A.baumannii).Methods Twentythree meropenem-resistant A.baumannii strains and 21 meropenem-sensitive strains from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) during 2011 and 2012 were collected,and their combination susceptibility tests were performed by the checkerboard dilution method.The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index was calculated to evaluate the combination effect of antibiotics.Results No antagonism effect was observed for all of combinations.The combination of sulbactam with cefoperazone or tigecycline mainly produced synergistic effect on A.baumannii,and the strains with FIC index ≤0.5 accounted for 56.8％ and 50.0％,respectively.The combination of sulbactam with imipenem or colistin showed synergistic or partially synergistic effect on A.baumannii,and the strains with FIC index ＜ 1 accounted for 61.4％ and 52.3％,respectively.However,the combination of sulbactan with ceftazidime didn't show any interation,and the strains with FIC index ≥4 accounted for 63.6％.Conclusion The combination of sulbactam with cefoperazone has the best synergistic effect on A.baumannii,especially on carbapenem-sensitive A.baumannii.The combination of sulbactam with imipenem or tigecycline may enhance the antibacterial activity on carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii.The combination of sulbactam with imipenem or tigecycline may be helpful for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii infection.

The clinical values of ultra-early enteral nutrition combined with microecopharmaceutics on patients with severe acute pancreatitis / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical values of super early enteral nutrition combined with microecopharmaceutics and delayed enteral nutrition on patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Methods Clinical data of thirty patients diagnosed as severe acute pancreatitis in our emergency department during January 2013 and December 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were divided into the treatment group (n=15, patients given enteral nutrition combined with microecopharmaceutics within 24 h after admission) and the control group (n=15, patients given delayed enteral nutrition after 48 h of admission). Two weeks after the treatment, the serum variables of C-reactive protein, total protein, albumin, recovery time of urine and blood amylase, length of hospital stay and APACHE Ⅱ score were compared between the two groups by using paired samples t test. Results The C-reactive protein [(46.7±13.1) mg/L vs. (190.72±19.3) mg/L, t=10.4, P<0.01] and APACHE Ⅱ score [(7.2±1.9) vs.(9.3±2.4),t=2.7,P<0.05] of the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The total protein [(58.1±6.3)g/L vs.(52.6±5.4)g/L, t=2.5, P<0.05] and albumin [(29.9±3.2)g/L vs.(22.0±2.8)g/L, t=7.12, P<0.01] of the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The recovery time of urine amylase [(13.2±2.1)d vs.(18.7±3.9)d, t=4.9, P<0.01] and blood amylase [(7.5±3.0)d vs.(11.1±3.4)d, t=3.1, P<0.01], and length of hospital stay[(14.9±4.5)d vs.(27.1±5.3)d, t=6.9, P<0.01] were significantly shorter in the treatment group compared with those in the control group. Conclusions Ultra-early enteral nutrition combined with microecopharmaceutics can shorten the length of hospital stay of patients with severe acute pancreatitis, and is safe and effective.

The effect of acetated ringer's solution on inflammatory mediators on lung tissue and their signaling pathways in rats with shock / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To study the effects of acetated ringer's solution resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock rats on inflammatory mediators on lung tissue and their JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) signaling pathways. Methods Thirty-two SD rats were randomly(random number) divided into four groups: shock without resuscitation group (CR, n=8), saline group (NR, n=8), lactated ringer's solution group (LR, n=8) and acetated ringer's solution group (AR,n=8). The rats of NR group, LR group and AR group were prepared into shock models (mean arterial blood pressure maintained at 40-45 mmHg),The rats of NR group, LR group and AR group were in the shock for 60 min and then the corresponding kinds of liquid were administered for 30 min and observation was carried out for 4 hours. The rats of CR group without liquid resuscitation were observed for 4 hours after shock. After that, the lung tissues of rats were taken from NR group, LR group and AR group as well as from CR group 4 hours after shock (if the rats died, the lung tissues were immediately taken). The levels of TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA in lung were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),and Western blot was used to measure the levels of JNK phosphorylation and MKP-1 acetylation. The one-way ANOVA was used for comparison among groups. Between the two groups, the comparison was analyzed by using LSD-t test. Results The IL-4 mRNA expression of lung tissue in AR group was higher than that in CR group, NR group and LR group (CR group:0.42±0.34; NR group:2.60±0.66; LR group:6.24±2.95; AR group: 11.08±4.24; P＜0.05).The IL-10 mRNA expression of lung tissue in AR group was significantly higher than that in CR group, NR group and LR group (CR group:0.25±0.25; NR group:2.79±1.62; LR group:3.51±1.66; AR group:9.35±2.86;P＜0.01).The TNF-a mRNA expression in AR group was significantly lower than that in CR group, NR group and LR group (CR group:4.98±1.26; NR group:2.50±0.76; LR group:3.87±3.00; AR group:0.19±0.09; P＜0.01). The level of JNK phosphorylation in lung tissue of rats in AR group was significantly lower than that in CR group, NR group and LR group (CR group:0.52±0.12; NR group:0.42±0.08; LR group:0.30±0.08; AR group:0.17±0.06;P＜0.01). The level of MKP-1 acetylation in lung tissue of rats in AR group was significantly higher than that in CR group, NR group and LR group (CR group:0.14±0.07; NR group:0.30±0.07; LR group:0.37±0.02; AR group:0.48±0.06;P＜0.01). Compared with normal saline and lactated ringer's solution, acetated ringer's solution used in hemorrhagic shock rats could promote MKP-1 acetylation, inhibit the phosphorylation of JNK, significantly inhibit the lung tissue TNF-a released, promote the release of anti-inflammatory factors, IL-4 and IL-10. Conclusions The acetated ringer's solution for resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock in rats could reduce inflammation of lung tissue in a certain extent, probably by enhanced the acetylation of MKP-1 to inhibited JNK signaling pathway and reduced lung tissue inflammation.

Effect of rhIL?11 on Th1/Th2 and T?bet/GATA?3 imbalance in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the effect of recombinant human interleukin 11(rhlL-11)in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)on the levels of Th1,Th2 and the expression of their transcription factors T-bet mRNA,GATA-3 mRNA.Methods Fifty-six cases adult ITP patients hospitalized in the department of hematology of the Second People's Hospital of Datong from May 2015 to December 2016 were collected,including 21 males and 35 females,aged 29~73 years; 10 healthy people in the same period were enrolled as control group,4 males and 6 females,aged 20~52 years.Th1 and Th2 cell ratio and Th1/Th2 ratio of ITP patients were detected by flow cytometry before and after treatment.The expression levels of transcription factor T-bet and GATA-3 were measured using real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)before and after treatment.Results The effective rate of rhlL-11 in ITP treatment was 76.8%(43/56).For the effective patients,the median PLT after treatment increased(25.0(15. 0,36.0)×109/L vs.68.0(49.0,108.0)×109/L,Z=-5.712,P<0.001); Th1 cells decreased,compared with that before the treatment(14.8 %(12.6%,17.6%)vs.10.6 %(9.8%,12.6%),Z=-4.825,P<0.001);Th2 cell increased,compared with that before the treatment(0.4%(0.3%,0.5%)vs.1.2%(0.9%,1.4%), Z=-5.720,P<0.001); Th1/Th2 decreased,compared with that before the treatment(40(30,49)vs.10.6(7.8,12.0),Z=-5.711,P<0.001];the expression level of T-bet mRNA decreased(0.36(0.18,0.51)vs 0.09(0.05,0.13),Z=-2.668,P=0.008);the expression level of GATA-3 mRNA increased,compared with that before treatment(0.04(0.03,0.05)vs.0.12(0.09,0.15),Z=-2.366,P=0.018).For ineffective patients,the median PLT before treatment was(11.0(8.0,15.5)×109/L),and the median PLT after treatment was(15.0(10.0,19.5)×109/L)(Z=-3.027,P=0.002); there was no significant difference in Th1,Th2, ratio of Th1/Th2 and T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA expression level before and after treatment in patients with ITP (P>0.05).Conclusion rhIL-11 can effectively correct the imbalance in Th1 and Th2 cells and the imbalance of T-bet and GATA-3 in ITP patients,but it has no obvious therapeutic effect on a small number of patients

Protective Effect and Mechanism of Human Lipoxin A4 on N2a Cell Injury Induced by β-Amyloid Protein 25-35 / 中国药师

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of human lipoxin A4 (LXA4) on N2a cell damage induced by β-amyloid protein 25-35 (Aβ25-35) and the underlying mechanism. Methods: Aβ25-35 was used to treat N2a cells to establish Alzheimer's disease (AD) cell injury model. Meanwhile, LXA4 was added to the experimental group at different concentrations (50, 100 and 200 nmol·L-1 ). MTT assay was used to detect the activity of N2a cells. The apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33258-PI staining, the expression of P62 and TRAF6 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR, and the expression of P62 and TRAF6 protein was detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with that of the model group, the cell survival rate of LXA4 protective group (50,100 and 200 nmol·L-1 ) increased (P <0. 01) and the apoptosis of N2a cells induced by Aβ25-35 was reduced by LXA4 (100 and 200 nmol·L-1 ) . Compared with that of the model group, the expression of P62-mRNA and protein-P62 of N2a cells treated with Aβ25-35 increased (P <0. 05 or P <0. 01) and the expression of TRAF6-mRNA and protein-TRAF6 of N2a cells treated with Aβ25-35 were reduced (P <0. 05 or P <0. 01). Conclusion: LXA4 has protective effect on N2a cell damage induced by Aβ25-35 , and its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of P62 gene and down-regulation of TRAF6 gene.

Evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry system ;Clin-TOF-Ⅱ MS in identification of gram-negative bacteria / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the performance of domestic matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry system Clin-TOF-Ⅱ MS with BioExplorer V2.3 database ( Clin-TOF MS system) on gram-negative bacteria identification.Methods This was a methodological comparison study.A total of 1 025 gram-negative strains of 32 genus, 56 species or species complex were included in this study from 1999 to 2000 and 2014 to 2016 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital.The Bruker Biotyper MS system ( Bruker MS system ) , Bruker Autoflex Speed with Biotyper v 3.1 database were used as control.Identification by both MALDI-TOF MS systems were parallel conducted by direct smear method.The 16S rDNA sequencing based identification was performed when either MALDI-TOF MS system gave“unbelievable result” or results from two systems were not consistent.Results Amongst the isolates studied, 98.05% (1 005/1 025) was correctly identified to species or species complex level by Clin-TOF MS system.Comparatively, 99.22%(1 017/1 025) was correctly identified by Bruker MS system.There were 17 isolates just identified to genus level and 2 isolates were “no identification” by Clin-TOF MS system, meanwhile 1 Pseudomonas monteilii misidentified as P.putida.There were only two 2 isolates identified to genus level and 3 isolates were“no identification” by Bruker MS system.But it misidentified all 3 Aeromonas hydrophila (2 isolates as A.caviae and 1 isolate as A.media).It′s noted that both MS systems identified 1 Chryseobacterium gleum and 1 C. bernardetii to genus level.Conclusion The identification capability of domestic Clin-TOF MS system was good on gram-negative bacteria.

Studies on immunogenicity and immunoprotection induced by heat shock protein 60 kDa of Schistosoma japonicum in mice / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To evaluate the immunogenicity and immunoprotective effect of heat shock protein 60 kDa (SjHSP60) of Schistosoma japonicum in mice after immunization and challenge infection, and explore the mechanism. Methods B cell/an?tibody?related databases and analysis tools were used to predict B?cell epitopes of SjHSP60. The mice were immunized with the recombinant SjHSP60 and challenged with S. japonicum cercariae. SjHSP60?specific antibodies in serum were detected by ELI?SA. The level of splenocyte proliferation was determined by 3H?TdR incorporation. Ex vivo suppression assay was performed to in?vestigate the effects of CD4 +CD25 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) induced by SjHSP60. Results SjHSP60 possessed multiple pre?dominant regions of B?cell epitopes. SjHSP60 induced a significant increase in both SjHSP60?specific IgG levels (P 0.05) and liver?accumulated eggs (P > 0.05) in S. japonicum?infected mice. Ex vivo assay showed that CD4+CD25+ Tregs from SjHSP60?immunized mice enhanced immunosuppressive activity. Conclusion SjH?SP60 has a dual role in host immune system, being involved in the induction of dominant humoral and cellular immune responses as well as in the enhancement of immunosuppression.

Comparation of Two Different Methods for Rotavirus and Adenovirus Antigens Detection / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To compare the detecting results of rotavirus (RV)and adenovirus (AdV)antigens using auto stool pretreatment system (machine method)and manual method.Methods A total of 100 stools collectecd from diarrear patients admitted in gastroenterology outpatient department from September 2014 to Octorber 2014 in Peking University Medical College Hospital were detected to identify RV and AdV antigens using machine method and manual method respectively,and the nucletic acids of positive samples were detected by liquid chip method to verify the results.Results The RV,AdV and co-infection antigen positive detection rate using machine method were 17.0% (17/100),25.0% (25/100)and 12.0% (12/100)respectively,whereas those using the manual method were 4.0% (4/100),13.0% (13/100)and 2.0% (2/100),re-spectively.Taking the nucletic acids detection as the golden method,the false positive detection rate of RV,AdV and co-in-fection antigen using machine method were 23.5% (4/17),20.0% (5/25)and 33.3% (4/12)respectively,whereas those u-sing the manual method were 75.0% (3/4),69.2% (9/13)and 50.0% (1/2),respectively.χ2 test for paired data for RV and AdV positive detection rate,false positive detection rate of RV and false positive detection rate of AdV using two meth-ods were statistically significant (χ2 =15.0,52.8 and 47.5,P values <0.05).Two methods for detecting RV and AdV had poor consistency (Kappa value was 0.25,Kappa values <0.4).Conclusion Machine method has much more advantage on RV and AdV positive detection rate and false positive detection rate than manual method,which is good for clinical applica-tion.

Evaluation of the Performance of VITEK-2 Compact,VITEK MS and Bruker MS on the Identification of Corynebacterium / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the performance of VITEK-2 compact,VITEK MS and Bruker MS on the identification of Corynebacterium.Methods This was a methodological evaluation study.The 40 Corynebacterium from bioMerieux were i-dentified with the three methods respectively.16S rDNA gene sequencing was conducted as reference method.Made a de-scriptive analysis of the identification ability,time and cost.Resulets The accuracy of species level of the three methods was 95.0%,88.9% and 97.5%.The mean time was 5~6 h,2~3 min and 2~3 min.The cost of consumable was 50~70 yuan, 15~25 yuan and 10~20 yuan.Conclution Three methods with high accuracy can meet the requirement of clinical diagno-sis,and the identification ability of VITEK MS on Corynebacterium amycolatum need to be further improved.

Effects of adiponectin on the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and the cell proliferation of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of adiponectin on the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the cell proliferation of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells.Methods The MG-63 cells were seeded in 6-cm board with a inoculum density of 1 × 105 cells/ml.When the cells grew up to about 80％,a volume (5 ml) of medium containing adiponectin (concentration 1 μg/ml) was added to each plate and incubated for 0 min,15 min,30 min,60 min,and 120 min,respectively ; and Western Blotting was used to detect the levels of AMPK phosphorylation,and the optimal time point processed by adiponectin was selected.The control and adiponectin groups were set (0,0.001,0.01,0.1,1 μg/ml) according to the optimal processing time of adiponectin,respectively; and Western blotting was used to detect the levels of AMPK phosphorylation and determine the optimal concentration of adiponectin.Based on the optimal processing time and optimal concentration,PBS was used as a control,the corresponding concentrations of adiponectin were used as the experimental group.Western blotting was used to detect the levels of AMPK phosphorylation to determine the effect of adiponectin on AMPK phosphorylation of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells.CCK-8 assay was used to investigate the effect of adiponectin on the cell proliferation of MG-63 cells.The MG-63 cells were seeded in the 96-well plates (5,000 cells/well) and cultured overnight.The experiment was set as blank control group and adiponectin-recombinant groups with 5 different concentration gradients (0.001,0.01,0.1,1,10 μg/ml).Five parallel wells were set for each group,and the cells were cultured for 24 h.During the last 4 h of culturing,a volume (10 μl) of CCK-8 reagent was added to each well,and the cells were cultured for another 2.5 h.The optical density (OD490) was obtained.Results When the concentration of adiponectin was greater than 0.01 μg/ml,the level of AMPK phosphorylation in MG-63 cells were significantly elevated (t =5.894,P =0.007).The short-time stimulation of adiponectin did not inhibit the proliferation of MG-63 cells (F =6.335,P =0.072).Conclusions Adiponectin can enhance the AMPK phosphorylation.The short-time stimulation of adiponectin did not inhibit the proliferation of MG-63 cells.

Effects of oxymatrine injection combined with low-dose paclitaxel on mRNA and protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor and CXC chemokine receptor 4 in human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells / 中西医结合学报

To investigate the effects of oxymatrine injection (OI) combined with low-dose paclitaxel on expressions of mRNAs and proteins of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells.

Effect of isoflurane on levels of PKA and PKC in hippocampus in rats / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of isoflurane on the levels of protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) in hippocampus in rats. Methods Thirty-six 3-month-old male SD rats weighing 180-220 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 12 each): group Ⅰ underwent the cognitive function test without being pretreated with isoflurane inhalation (group C); group Ⅱ and Ⅲ inhaled 1.2% isoflurane for 4 h and underwent the cognitive function test 2 days and 2 weeks later respectively (group Ⅰso1,Iso2). Morris water maze was used to assess the cognitive function and the escape latency was recorded. The animals were killed immediately after the test.The hippocampus was isolated for determination of the expression and activities of PKA and PKC.Results The escape latency was significantly longer in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅰ.The expression of PKA and PKC was significantly down-regulated and the activities of PKA and PKC were significantly decreased in group Ⅱand Ⅲ as compared with group Ⅰ . There was no significant difference in the expression and activities of PKA and PKC between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ . Conclusion Four hour 1.2% isoflurane inhalation can decrease cognitive function by inhibiting the levels of PKA and PKC in hippocampus.