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Objective:To study the common pharmacodynamic substance basis and potential mechanism of Dihuang Decoction in treating Alzheimer disease (AD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) with same method based on network pharmacology; To provide bioinformatics basis.Methods:The effective components of Dihuang Decoction were retrieved through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and CNKI. The drug targets were obtained by combining and UniProt database. The targets of AD and DM related diseases were obtained by GeneCards, OMIM and TTD databases respectively. Cytoscape 3.7.1 software was used to construct the Disease - drug - component - target network. R studio software was used to construct a Circos diagram of the effective compounds and disease targets.Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING platform. GO enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis was conducted through DAVID database, Metascape, R Studio software.Results:A total of 206 active components were obtained; PPI network construction screened 51 key targets; GO enrichment analysis revealed the functions of GABA, cholinergic synapse, estrogen response, BCL-2 family protein complex and so on; KEGG enrichment analysis revealed FoxO signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, insulin resistance pathway and other pathways.Conclusion:Dihuang Decoction has the synergistic characteristics of multiple components, multiple targets and multiple pathways in treating AD and DM with same method, mainly through proanthocyanidin B7, proanthocyanidin B5, proanthocyanidin B1 and other active ingredients, acting on TNF, IL-6, ESR1, PPARG, AKT1 and other targets, regulating FoxO signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, etc.
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Objective:To analyze the mechanism of Kaixin San in treating Alzheimer disease (AD) based on the TCM integrated pharmacology platform combined with GEO chip differential gene analysis method.Methods:By searching TCMIP and Drugbank database, the active components and related molecular targets of Kaixin San were obtained. GSE4757 chip data was obtained through GEO database, and its differential genes were obtained using R language to draw heat map and volcano map. Molecular target map of differentially expressed genes between Kaixin San and AD was constructed through Cytoscape 3.7.2. Bisogenet and CytoNCA were used to draw the target topological network, and GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis of Kaixin San and AD gene were carried out.Results:86 active components of Kaixin San were obtained to treat AD, and 29 differential genes shared with GEO were obtained. PPI topological network was constructed. 6 core candidate genes were screened, and were merged with KEGG pathway enriched genes to obtain important genes for disease treatment, such as CHRM1, CHRM2, ACHE, CHRM3, CASP8, PTGS2, DRD1, CACN1S, ADRB1. 375 GO entries were obtained, mainly involving biological processes such as vasoconstriction, postsynaptic membrane plasticity, neurotransmitter transmission, etc. KEGG enrichment analysis mainly involved cholinergic synaptic signal pathway, cAMP signal pathway, calcium signal pathway, nerve ligand receptor interaction signal pathway, etc.Conclusions:Kaixin San shows the features of multi-component, multi-target and multi-channel in treating AD. It can play a role in the treatment of AD by inhibiting inflammatory reaction, reducing the activity of acetylcholinesterase and regulating the concentration of calciumion.
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OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effect on post-stroke insomnia between the repetitive transcranial acupuncture stimulation (rTAS) and the conventional western medication in the patients and to explore the mechanism.@*METHODS@#Ninety patients of post-stroke insomnia were randomized into a rTAS group, a medication group and a placebo group, 30 cases in each one. In the rTAS group, patients were intervened by rTAS. The acupoints were Baihui (GV 20), Ningshen (Extra), emotion area, Wangu (GB 12), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Neiguan (PC 6), Shenmen (HT 7), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zhaohai (KI 6), Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3). Fast twist with small amplitude was used at Baihui (GV 20) and emotion area for 2-3 min, 200-300 r/min, once 15 min. Electroacupuncture (EA) was applied at Baihui (GV 20) and Ningshen (Extra), bilateral Wangu (GB 12), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Zhaohai (KI 6) on the same side, 10 Hz, 0.5-1 mA. The treatment was given for 40 min in the rTAS group, once a day. Diazepam was prescribed orally in the medication group before sleep, 2.5 mg a day. Starch capsule was used in the placebo group before sleep, once a day. All the treatment was given for continuous 1 month. The level of serum orexin A was observed before and after treatment. The effects were compared. The recurrence rate was recorded 3 months after treatment.@*RESULTS@#The total effective rates in the rTAS group and the medication group were 86.7% (26/30) and 90.0% (27/30) repectively after treatment, which were better than 20.0% (6/30) in the placebo group (both 0.05). The total effective rates in the rTAS group and the medication group were 86.7% (26/30) and 86.7% (26/30) at follow-up repectively, which were better than 16.7% (5/30) in the placebo group (both <0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The rTAS is safe and effective for post-stroke insomnia, which is similar to oral medication of diazepam. The decreasing serum orexin A may be one of the mechanisms.