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Since the implementation of the Measures for the Management of Radiation Workers’ Occupational Health in November 2007, it has played an extremely important role in protecting the occupational health of radiation workers. There are more than 700 000 radiation workers in about 100 000 workplaces with potential radiation exposure, as well as a large number of miners exposed to high levels of radon. As the radiation health monitoring project suggests, measures of occupational health management such as personal dose monitoring and occupational health examination of radiation workers have been widely implemented and achieved good results in the protection of radiation workers. However, the risks of chromosomal aberration and specific turbidity of the eye lens of radiation workers have increased in high-risk positions such as interventional radiology, nuclear medicine, and industrial flaw detection. The control of high radon exposure in miners needs to be strengthened. It is necessary to adapt to the new situation in view of new challenges and actively promote the revision of the Measures for the Management of Radiation Workers’ Occupational Health, so as to further improve the occupational health management of radiation workers in China.
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Objective:To investigate the application of diagnostic criteria for common occupational radiation-induced diseases to radiation workers, in order to provide a basis for the revision, publicity and standardization of the standards.Methods:Radiation workers were selected from 1 city, 7 provinces and 1 corporation by using cluster random sampling method from January 2021 to May 2021. Awareness of the criteria and the effects of ionizing radiation, and the suggestions for diagnostic works were investigated and analyzed.Results:A total of 2 839 radiation workers were investigated. There were differences in the awareness of different diagnostic criteria, the inclusions in complex diagnostic criteria, the materials required for applying for diagnosis, and the ways of knowing the diagnostic criteria( χ2=416.06, 2 924.14, 83.45, 895.67, 815.94, P<0.001). The correct understanding rates of deterministic effects and stochastic effects were 80.63% and 43.64%, respectively. The acceptance rates in applicable materials were 96.79% for occupational exposure history, 94.72% for occupational health monitoring records and 93.55% for individual monitoring of occupational exposure, respectively. Pre-employment training rate was 80.20%, on-job training rate was 81.19%, and untrained rate was 3.77%. The suggestions to the diagnosis of occupational radiation-induced diseases are to strengthen training, pay attention to individual monitoring, occupational health examination, and strengthen health supervision and law enforcement. Conclusions:Radiation workers have a low awareness rate of certain diagnostic standards and a high awareness rate of diagnostic procedures. Publicity and training of health effects of ionizing radiation and diagnostic criteria of occupational radiation-induced diseases should be strengthened. Diagnostic procedure should be optimized.
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Chinese National Standards GBZ 98-2020 Health Requirements and Surveillance Specifications for Radiation Worker was published and will replace the current standards GBZ 98-2017 Health Requirements for Radiation Workers and GBZ 235-2011 Specifications for Occupational Health Surveillance for Radiation Workers from May 1 in 2021. The significance of this new National Standards, the background, basic principles, basis of revision of important indicators and the matters needing attention in the application of the standard are described in detail, especially for the medical institutions carrying out occupational health examination requirements, the determination of occupational health examination items, examination method and examination reports, so as to avoid the possible misunderstandings and doubts in using the standards.
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Objective To explore the diagnosis criterion of acute and chronic radiation oral mucositis induced by ionazition correctly. Methods 40 patients who were given radiotherapy because of head-neck cancer and 40 patients who were irradiated in the whole body for hematogenic stem cell transplant pretreatment were observed and analyzed. They were diagnosed by symptom and sign. Results 28 patients who were given radiotherapy were found acute oral mucous membrane change when cumulate radiation dose attained 30 Gy. The incidence of acute radiation oral mucositis was 70 percent. 20 TBI patients were found oral ulcer in 7 to 8 Gy radiation dose. The incidence of oral ulce was 50 percent. Conclusion The advance limit of irradiated dose for acute and chronic radiation oral mucositis are 20～30 Gy and 50～60 Gy.
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Objective:To explore the expression of Toll-like receptor(4TLR4),nuclear factor -kappaB p65(NF-?Bp65) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-?)in placenta of preterm birth of infected mouse model,as well as intervention of N-Acetylcysteine(NAC) in order to develop a novel strategy for prevention from premature birth.Methods:Expression of mRNA and protein of TLR4,NF-?Bp65 and TNF-? in the mouse placenta of premature birth was analyzed by using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.LPS injection was taken to develop the infectious mouse mode,and the incidence of premature birth was observed.The regimen of NAC intervention was performed and its modulation for placenta expression of TLR4,NF-?Bp65 and TNF-? was investigated.Results:It was shown that TLR4,NF-?Bp65 and TNF-? were expressed at a low level in control groups and in LPS model groups,their expressions were significantly increased when compared with the control groups(P