Clinical Evidence Mapping of Chinese Patent Medicines Combined with Western Medicine in Treatment of Hypertension / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo systematically collect， analyze， and evaluate the randomized controlled trials （RCT） of Chinese patent medicine combined with western medicine in the treatment of hypertension， map the evidence， and provide reference for the future clinical research and formulation of guidelines and policies. MethodThe relevant articles were retrieved from China Biology Medicine disc， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， VIP， Wanfang Data， PubMed， Embase， and Cochrane Library with the time interval from inception to December 31， 2022. The RCT of Chinese patent medicines combined with western medicine in the treatment of hypertension were included. The research characteristics and methodological quality were analyzed and evaluated. ResultA total of 330 RCTs of treating hypertension with Chinese patent medicines combined with Western medicine were included in this study， all of which were published in Chinese. These RCTs involved 88 Chinese patent medicines and 37 788 patients， and 46% of RCT had the sample size ≥100 patients. Eighty-seven percent of RCT showed the study period within 3 months. All the interventions in the RCTs were Chinese patent medicine + western medicine vs western medicine. Among the evaluation indicators， blood pressure， response rate， TCM syndrome score， endothelial cell function， and safety were mainly concerned. In terms of methodological quality， most articles did not mention the generation of random sequences， allocation concealment， or blinding method. The blinding evaluation of outcomes showed low risks of bias， and there was insufficient information to judge whether there was selective bias or other bias. ConclusionThere were many Chinese patent medicines used in combination with western medicine in the treatment of hypertension， and they were mainly taken orally. The existing RCT had problems such as small sample size， unclear clinical value positioning， imperfect design failing to reflect the value of Chinese patent medicines， unreasonable measurement indicators， and non-standard measurement methods. Future research should solve the above problems， improve the research quality， value， and authenticity， and enhance the reliability and extension of evidence.

GRADE Clinical Study Evidence Evaluation and Expert Consensus on Antihypertensive Chinese Patent Medicines Combined with Western Medicines for Treatment of Hypertension / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the quality of research and evidence related to antihypertensive Chinese patent medicines combined with western medicines for the treatment of hypertension， synthesize and update the evidence， form expert consensus， and provide evidence for clinical decision-making. MethodThe databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform （WanFang）， Vip Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database （VIP）， Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System （Sinomed）， National Library of Medicine （PubMed）， Cochrane Library， Web of Science， and US Clinical Trials Registry were searched for randomized controlled trials of antihypertensive Chinese medicine combined with western medicine for the treatment of hypertension from database construction to July 31， 2022. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the bias risk assessment tool in Cochrane Handbook 6.3. Evidence synthesis of main outcome indicators was performed using R software. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment， Development， and Evaluation profiler （GRADEprofiler） 3.6 was employed to evaluate the quality of evidence. Expert consensus was formed based on the Delphi method after two rounds of voting. Result64 pieces of literature were included， and the results of literature quality evaluation and risk of bias showed that 70.31% （45/64） of the studies indicated some risks， and 29.69% （19/64） indicated high risks. Compared with conventional western medicines， the combination of Chinese patent medicines with western medicines can significantly lower systolic pressure （SBP） and diastolic pressure （DBP）， increase the effective rate of antihypertensive， reduce the incidence of adverse reactions， endothelin-1， and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores. Egger's test showed that Songling Xuemaikang capsules reduced SBP and DBP. Tianma Gouteng granules reduced SBP and DBP and increased the effective rate of antihypertensive， and Xinmaitong capsules reduced SBP and increased the effective rate of antihypertensive， without significant publication bias. Songling Xuemaikang capsules increased the effective rate of antihypertensive， and Xinmaitong capsules decreased DBP， with significant publication bias. The results of the GRADE evidence quality evaluation showed that most evidence was at grades B and C. Finally， four strong recommendations and 14 weak recommendations were formed. ConclusionCompared with conventional western medicines for the treatment of hypertension， antihypertensive Chinese patent medicines combined with western medicines have advantages in reducing blood pressure and improving drug use safety， but they are mostly weak recommendations in terms of efficacy， and more high-quality evidence is needed.

Evaluation of GRADE Clinical Research Evidence of Chinese Patent Medicine Combined with Western Medicine in Treatment of Hypertension with Dyslipidemia / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of antihypertensive and lipid-regulating Chinese patent medicine combined with conventional Western medicine in the treatment of hypertension with dyslipidemia. To carry out the evidence synthesis of clinical research and provide evidence-based evidence support for clinical decision-making. MethodThe databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI），Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform （WF），VIP，SinoMed，Embase，PubMed，Web of Science （WOS），and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials （RCT） of all listed Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of hypertension with dyslipidemia from the establishment of the databases to April 15，2023. The literature was screened and extracted，and the risk of bias tool 2.0 （RoB2） was used to assess the quality and risk of bias of the methodology. Revman 5.4.1 software was used to analyze the outcome indicators. Grading of Recommendations Assessment，Development and Evaluation （GRADE） was applied to assess the quality of evidence formed by clinical research data. The inclusion and recommendation of Chinese patent medicines in the National Drug Catalogue for Basic Medical Insurance，Work-related Injury Insurance and Maternity Insurance （2022） and domestic guidelines and consensus were searched to form a bubble chart. ResultA total of 15 studies were included. The evaluation of the methodological quality of each study showed that the risk of bias stemmed from the lack of blinding and allocation concealment，and low sample size. The comprehensive analysis of clinical studies showed that Dengzhan Shengmai capsules combined with rosuvastatin and amlodipine besylate，Yindan Xinnaotong capsules combined with simvastatin and levamlodipine tablets，Xiaoshuan Tongluo capsules combined with nifedipine controlled release tablets and pravastatin sodium tablets，Xinshubao capsules combined with atorvastatin calcium tablets and irbesartan，Wenyading capsules combined with enalapril，and Jiangzhining tablets combined with conventional Western medicines were all superior to conventional Western medicines used in the control group in improving systolic blood pressure （SBP），diastolic blood pressure （DBP），cholesterol （TC），triglyceride （TG），low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C），and high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups. The GRADE evaluation of the main outcome indicators showed that the evidence quality of SBP and incidence of adverse reactions was graded as B，that of DBP as C，and that of total TC，TG，LDL-C，and HDL-C as D. The evaluation of Chinese patent medicines covered by medical insurance and recommended by guidelines and consensus showed that Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsules，Dengzhan Shengmai capsules and Xiaoshuan Tongluo capsules belonged to class B drugs of medical insurance，and were recommended for 7，6 and 3 times in the guidelines and consensus，respectively. ConclusionCompared with simple medicine treatment，Chinese patent medicine combined with conventional Western medicine has more advantages in improving blood pressure and blood lipid，and shows higher safety. Among them，Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsules，Dengzhan Shengmai capsules and Xiaoshuan Tongluo capsules have stronger clinical applicability and economy. All the trials included in this article adhered to the principle of randomization and reported the outcome measures. However，the quality of evidence in related clinical studies was low. In terms of trial design，large-sample，multi-center，blinded randomized controlled trials based on the consolidated standards of reporting trials （CONSORT） statement are still needed for comprehensive trial designs and reporting，to further improve the GRADE quality evaluation and guideline formulation under the guidance of evidence-based medicine，so as to provide higher quality evidence-based research evidence for clinical decision-making.

The generation and detection of 2019-nCoV subgenomic RNA / 中华检验医学杂志

The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a newly discovered pathogen in 2019. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread around the world and has greatly affected global health and the world economy. It is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, which generates subgenomic RNA from discontinuous transcription of the replication-transcription complex (RTC). This discontinuous transcription is regulated by transcriptional regulatory sequences/elements, produced by switching templates on genomic RNA. At present, the detection methods of subgenomic RNA include the next generation sequencing, nanopore sequencing, reverse transcription dropletdigital polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, etc. Subgenomic RNA is produced only when the virus infects cell, so it may be a novel marker for viral replication.

Rapamycin Combined with α-Cyanoacrylate Contributes to Inhibiting Intimal Hyperplasia in Rat Models / Rapamicina em Combinação com α-Cianoacrilato Contribui à Inibição de Hiperplasia Intimal em Modelos em Ratos

Abstract Background: Vein graft restenosis has an adverse impact on bridge vessel circulation and patient prognosis after coronary artery bypass grafting. Objectives: We used the extravascular supporter α-cyanoacrylate (α-CA), the local application rapamycin/sirolimus (RPM), and a combination of the two (α-CA-RPM) in rat models of autogenous vein graft to stimulate vein graft change. The aim of our study was to observe the effect of α-CA, RPM, and α-CA-RPM on vein hyperplasia. Methods: Fifty healthy Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into the following 5 groups: sham, control, α-CA, RPM, and α-CA-RPM. Operating procedure as subsequently described was used to build models of grafted rat jugular vein on carotid artery on one side. The level of endothelin-1 (ET-1) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Grafted veins were observed via naked eye 4 weeks later; fresh veins were observed via microscope and image-processing software in hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry after having been fixed and stored" (i.e. First they were fixed and stored, and second they were observed); α-Smooth Muscle Actin (αSMA) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were measured with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Comparisons were made with single-factor analysis of variance and Fisher's least significant difference test, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: We found that intimal thickness of the α-CA, RPM, and α-CA-RPM groups was lower than that of the control group (p < 0.01), and the thickness of the α-CA-RPM group was notably lower than that of the α-CA and RPM groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: RPM combined with α-CA contributes to inhibiting intimal hyperplasia in rat models and is more effective for vascular patency than individual use of either α-CA or RPM.

Resumo Fundamento: Reestenose de enxertos venosos tem um impacto adverso na circulação de pontagens e no prognóstico de pacientes após a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. Objetivos: Nós utilizamos α-cianoacrilato (α-CA) como suporte extravascular, rapamicina/sirolimus (RPM) como aplicação local e a combinação dos dois (α-CA-RPM) em modelos de enxerto venoso autógeno em ratos para estimular mudança no enxerto venoso. O objetivo do nosso estudo foi observar o efeito de α-CA, RPM e α-CA-RPM na hiperplasia venosa. Métodos: Cinquenta ratos Sprague Dawley (SD) saudáveis foram randomizados nos 5 grupos seguintes: sham, controle, α-CA, RPM e α-CA-RPM. O procedimento operacional descrito subsequentemente foi utilizado para construir modelos de enxertos da veia jugular na artéria carótida em ratos, em um lado. O nível de endotelina-1 (ET-1) foi determinado por ensaio de imunoabsorção enzimática (ELISA). As veias enxertadas foram observadas a olho nu 4 semanas após; as veias frescas foram observadas via microscópio e software de processamento de imagem com coloração hematoxilina-eosina (HE) e imuno-histoquímica depois de serem fixadas e armazenadas; α-actina do músculo liso (αSMA) e o fator de von Willebrand (vWF) foram medidos com reação em cadeia da polimerase-transcriptase reversa (RT-PCR). Realizaram-se as comparações com análise de variância de fator único (ANOVA) e o teste de diferença mínima significativa (LSD) de Fisher, com p < 0,05 sendo considerado estatisticamente significante. Resultados: Nós achamos que a espessura intimal nos grupos α-CA, RPM e α-CA-RPM era menor que no grupo controle (p < 0,01) e a espessura no grupo α-CA-RPM era notavelmente menor que nos grupos α-CA e RPM (p < 0,05). Conclusão: A combinação de RPM e α-CA contribui à inibição de hiperplasia em modelos em ratos e é mais efetivo para patência vascular que uso individual de α-CA ou RPM.

Comparative study of left ventricular hemodynamic changes after Revivent surgery by dual‐modality imaging / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To investigate the hemodynamic changes before and after Revivent surgery in patients with left ventricular apical aneurysm by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging ( CM R ) and echocardiography . Methods Twenty‐two cases with left ventricular apical aneurysm were examined by two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional transthoracic echocardiography 1 week before operation ,1 month and 12 months after operation ,by CM R 1 week before operation and 12 months after operation .Left ventricular end‐diastolic volume( LVEDV ) ,left ventricular end‐systolic volume ( LVESV ) ,left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter ( LVEDd ) , left ventricular end‐systolic diameter ( LVESd ) , left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) ,stroke volume ( SV ) ,stroke output index ( SVI) ,cardiac output ( CO ) and cardiac output index ( CI) were quantitatively measured and statistical analysis were performed . Results T here were significant differences between preoperation and 1 month after operation for the measurements of LVEDV ,LVESV , LVEDd and LVEF by both CM R and echocardiography ( all P ＜ 0 .05 ) . Compared with preoperation , LVESd decreased significantly 12 months after operation ( P ＜0 .01) . However ,there were no significant differences between preoperation and 1 or 12 months after operation for the measurements of SV ,SVI ,CO and CI ( all P ＞ 0 .05 ) . T he consistency between CM R and echocardiography measurements was good . Conclusions Revivent surgery provides an effective and feasible treatment for patients with left ventricular apical ventricular aneurysm . T he dual‐modality imaging with CM R and echocardiography are reliable technical means to evaluate the changes of left ventricular heamodynamiscs during the perioperative period of Revivent

The preliminary study on biomechanical properties of four synthetic implants for reconstructive surgery of pelvic floor dysfunction / 生物医学工程学杂志

This study aimed to investigate biomechanical properties of synthetic implants for reconstructive surgery of pelvic floor dysfunction. In this dissertation, we chose four synthetic implants, i.e. total pelvic floor repair system (PROLIFT), gynecone TVT obtutator system (TVT-O), intra-vaginal sling placement device (IVS) and acellular dermal matrix (Renov), for tensile test respectively. The biomechanical properties of four synthetic implants were measured and analyzed using a material testing machine (Instron 4302 versatile material testing machine). The biomechanical parameters included ultimate stress strength, modulus of elasticity, maximum load and maximum elongation. The results showed that the maximum load of the four symthetic implants was TVT-O > IVS > PROLIFT > Renov, and the maximum load of TVT-O was significantly higher than PROLIFT and Renov ( < 0.05). The ultimate stress strength was TVT-O > IVS > PROLIFT > Renov, with no significant differences among them ( > 0.05). The maximum elongation of the four implants was TVT-O > PROLIFT > IVS > Renov, and the maximum elongation of TVT-O and PROLIFT were both significantly higher than Renov ( < 0.05). The modulus of elasticity was IVS > Renov > TVT-O > PROLIFT, with no significant differences among them ( > 0.05). Taken together, the present study demonstrates that the modulus of elasticity of IVS was the highest in the four synthetic implants; TVT-O had the highest mechanical strength; The maximum load, ultimate stress strength and maximum elongation of Renov were all the lowest; The mechanical properties of PROLIFT was the most stable, and its modulus of elasticity was the lowest in the four synthetic implants, which had good extensibility and elasticity. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the biomechanical properties of new pelvic reconstructive materials for the clinical pelvic reconstructive surgery.

Progress in relationship between long non-coding RNAs and gastric cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of regulatory and non-coding RNA molecules which are longer than 200 nucleotides. They are involved in a variety of biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis mainly by regulation of gene expression at various levels, including epigenetics, transcription and post-transcription. The evidence has demonstrated that many lncRNAs are dysregulated and closely related to tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis in gastric cancer. Based on an introduction to lncRNAs and the domestic and foreign research status, this review summarizes the function, regulatory mechanisms, potential diagnostic and therapeutic values of lncRNAs in gastric cancer.

Application of the myocardial protection technique for the off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) to the CABG with heart valve surgery / 安徽医科大学学报

The myocardial protection technique of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting ( OPCABG ) has been applied to the coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with heart valve surgery.This study is aimed at determining its clinical effect .A retrospective analysis design was adopted .39 patients were recruited .All patients ’ surgeries went smoothly but one ,whose blood pressure was in poor control after surgery and then returned to normal after as -sisted with intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP).Others had stable vital signs and circulation .Finally,all pa-tients discharged safely .Significant improvement can be seen during 3 months’ follow-up.Applying OPCABG to CABG with heart valve surgery has been proved effective in clinic .

Protective effect of the traditional Chinese medicine prescription, Jiu Nao Yi Zhi water extract, on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To observe the protective effect of the traditional Chinese medicine prescription, Jiu Nao Yi Zhi water extract, on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, its effect on expression of insulin signal transduction pathway, and to explore the related mechanisms.Methods SH-SY5Y cells cultured in vitro, were divided into control group, Jiu Nao Yi Zhi No.1 prescription group and No.3 prescription group.The doses were 0.0625 mg/mL, 0.125 mg/mL, 0.25 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL.The thiazolyl blue ( MTT) metabolic rate of each group was determined.The dose of 0.125 mg/mL was chosen for cell immunofluorescence analysis, and to observe the expression of insulin receptor substrates-1 ( IRS-1 ) , cAMP response element binding protein ( CREB ) , and the factors of insulin signal transduction pathway.Results Compared with the control group, MTT metabolic rates of the Jiu Nao Yi Zhi groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the cell morphology was much better in those groups, cell body more plump, well-adherent and neurite extensions were observed.The expressions of IRS-1 and CREB were higher than that in the control group.Conclusions The traditional Chinese medicine prescription Jiu Nao Yi Zhi water extract can protect neurons by promoting nerve cell growth, and improving the expression of IRS-1 and CREB, the factors of insulin signal transduction pathway.

SPIO-labeled rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: alterations of biological activity and labeling efficiency assay in vitro / 生物医学工程学杂志

This study aimed to characterize and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) track the mesenchymal stem cells labeled with polylysine-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (PLL-SPIO). Rat bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) were labeled with 25, 50 and 100 microg/mL PLL-SPIO for 24 hours. The labeling efficiency was assessed by iron content, Prussian blue staining, electron microscopy and in vitro MR imaging. The labeled cells were also analyzed for cytotoxicity and differentiation potential. Electron microscopic observations and Prussian blue staining revealed that 75% -100% of cells were labeled with iron particles. PLL-SPIO did not show any cytotoxicity up to 100 microg/mL concentration. Both 25 microg/mL and 50 microg/mL PLL-SPIO labeled stem cells did not exhibit any significant alterations in the adipo/osteo/chondrogenic differentiation potential compared to unlabeled control cells. The lower concentration of 25 microg/mL iron labeled cells emitted an obvious dark signal in T1W, T2WI and T2 * WI MR image. The novel PLL-SPIO enables to label and track rMSCs for in vitro MRI without cellular alteration. Therefore PLL-SPIO may potentially become a better MR contrast agent especially in tracking the transplanted stem cells and other cells without compromising cell functional quality.

Investigation on disturbing of adipocytic differentiation of rBMSCs by loaded titanium particles / 生物医学工程学杂志

Our previous investigations demonstrated that varying sizes of loaded titanium particles could inhibit proliferaion, adhension and osteoblastic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs). The present study aims to validate the hypothesis that particled-shaped wear debris from prosthetic implants influence the adipocytic differentiation of rBMSCs. The effects of different sizes of loaded titanium particles (6.9 microm, 2.7 microm and 0.9 microm) on the adipocytic differentiation of rBMSCs were studied by observing lipid droplet formation, assaying the expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA by RT-PCR and Triglycerides (TG) secretion. The loaded titanium particles were found to influence adipogenesis of rBMSCs, but had different effects, depending upon particle size, concentration and loading time duration. 2.7 microm and 0.9 microm titanium particles promoted lipid droplet formation, LPL mRNA expression and TG secretion, while at a higher concentration of titanium particles and a longer loading duration, 6.9 microm titanium particles gradually inhibited adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. Three sizes of loading titanium particles obviously disturbed the adipocytic differentiation capability of rBMSCs: the smaller particles promoted but the larger inhibited the adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs.

Evalution of left ventricular function before and after coronary artery bypass grafting by speckle tracking imaging / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To evaluate regional and global left ventricular systolic function after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) by speckle tracking imaging (STI).Methods Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed in 32 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) preoperative and 3 months after CABG.The two-dimensional data were obtained in apical 4-chamble,2-chamble and long axis view.Peak systolic longitudinal strain (SLs),global longitudinal systolic strain (GLS) and average global strain(GLS-Avg) were measured using STI.30 healthy volunteers were involved as controls.Results SLs in the control group increased from the basal to the apical ventricular.SLs in the control group and CHD group apical segment were significantly higher than the basal and middle segments.Compared to the control group,SLs,GLS in part of myocardial ischemic segments were lower in CHD group before CABG (P ＜0.05).SLs and GSL in the corresponding segments showed significantly improving 3 months after CABG in CHD group (P ＜ 0.05).There was good relationship between GSL-Avg and left ventricular ejection fraction.Conclusions STI technology can be used to objectively and quantitatively evaluate the change of regional and global left ventricular systolic function.Therefore,it provide a non-invasive means for evaluation of curative effect and prognosis judgement of CHD after CABG.

Effect of pathophysiology case-based learning(CBL)method on scores of pediatrics / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of pathophysiology case-based learning(CBL)method on scores of pediatrics.Methods Undergraduates from 2005 grade at Chengde medical college were divided into two groups:experimental group(n=138,CBL method)and control group(n=136,conventional teaching method).The scores of pediatrics between the two groups were compared.The pediatrics test paper was divided into two types:type B,which was tightly connected with the pathophysiology knowledge and type F,which had less connection with pathophysiology knowledge.The accuracy rates of both groups were compared.Correlation analysis on scores between pathophysiology and internal medicine,surgery,pediatrics,obstetircs and gynaecology was made.Results No significant difference in total scores of pediatrics was observed between the two groups(P＞0.05);total accuracy rate of experimental group was higher than that of control group(P＞0.05);similar total accuracy rates of type F test paper were observed in both groups(P＞0.05);positive correlations in scores between pathophysiology and internal medicine,surgery,pediatrics,obstetircs and gynaecology were found.Conclusions Satisfactory long-term effect are received by applying pathophysiological CBL model since it can promote the application of pathophysiological knowledge in pediatrics,however,no apparent effect on students'clinical ability can be obtained from the mere application of CBL in pathophysiology course.

Protective effect of ligustrazine on skin flap ischemia-reperfusion injury / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated that ligustrazine removed oxygen-derived free radicals and protected vascular endothelial cells. Howerver, the effect of ligustrazine on skin flap ischemia-reperfusion injury was less reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ligustrazine on skin flap ischemia-reperfusion injury, and to analyze reaction pathway. METHODS: A total of 24 healthy SD rats were used to establish ischemia-reperfusion injured skin flap along superficial epigastric artery. All rats were randomly divided into sham-surgery, model control, and ligustrazine groups, with 8 rats per group. Ischemia-reperfusion injury was not induced in the sham-surgery group; saline (4 mL/kg) was given in the model control gorup 30 minutes prior to operation; an intraperitoneal injection of ligustrazine (4 mL/kg) was given in the ligustrazine group immediately after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Distal tissue was selected from skin flap in the model control group immediate after formation of skin flap, 8 hours after ischemia, and 1 hour after reperfusion, as well as in the sham-surgery group immediate after formation of skin flap, 8 and 9 hours after operation to measure superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) contents. Histological morphology was observed under optic and electron microscopes.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 8 hours after ischemia and 1 hour after reperfusion, SOD activity in the model control group was significantly less than in the sham-surgery group (P< 0.05-0.01), but the SOD activity in the ligustrazine group was significantly greater than in the model control group (P < 0.05-0.01). At 1 hour after reperfusion, MDA content in the model control group was significantly greater than sham-surgery group (P< 0.01), but the MDA content in the ligustrazine group was significantly less than in the model control group (P< 0.01). As compared with model control group, ultramicrostructure and vascular endothelial cell were mildly damaged in the ligustrazine group, suggesting that ligustrazine inhibited activation and adhesion of neutrophilic granulocytes, relieved inflammatory reaction, protected endothelial cells, resisted lipid peroxidation of free radicals, and prevented skin flap ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Detection of urine neural thread protein for diagnosis of Alzheimer disease and its clinical significance / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To develop urine AD7C-NTP diagnostic kit,analyze and evaluate its application value on AD.Methods Immunogenicity AD7C-NTP peptide fragments had synthesized by solidphase methods.The animals immunized to prepare antibodies.After matching screening.mouse antibody was uesed as coating antibody.biotin-labeled rabbit antibody wag used as testing antibody,and horseradish peroxidase was labeied with avidin.The urine AD7C-NTP ELISA detective method was established.The AD7C-NTP levels in morning urine samples of 121 AD patients and 118 age-matched controls were collected.Results AD7C-NTP antibodies were identified.Mouse anti-AD7C-NTP antibody titer in ELISAwas 1:8 000,and rabbit anti-AD7C-NTP antibody titer in ELISA was 1:32 000:WB was uesd to detect human brain specimens and there was a single band with molecular weight of 41 000.The lowst detection limit of ELISA methodology was 0.5μg/L The linear range was 0-10μg/L,normal reference value ≤1.5μg/J,the average recovery rate was 100.2%.The intra and inter of CV were 3.8%,4.5%,7.6%,6.8% respectively.The AD7C-NTP levels[2.25(0.43-8.62)μg/L]of urine in AD group was higher than those in contorl group[0.82(0.47-2.77)μg/L,P<0.01].The positive rates in AD group and control group were 89.3% and 15.3% respectively.The sensitivity Was 89.3%and specificity was 84.7%.Conclusions The animals are immunized with the self-designed synthetic peptide fragment to prepare AD7C-NTP antibodies successfully.The established ELISA method for detection of urine AD7C-NTP with high sensitivity,and precision can be used as an assistant examination in clinical diagnosis of AD.

Improved cross-fibular flap transplantation in the treatment of infections skin defects of the tibia bone / 中华显微外科杂志

ve method of limb salvage.

Effect of GEPT extracts on spatial learning ability of APPV717I transgenic mice at early stage of dementia and its possible mechanism / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of GEPT extracts on spatial learning ability of the APPV717I transgenic mice at the early stage of dementia and its possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Thirty APPV717I transgenic mice were randomly divided into three GEPT groups by intragastric administration at doses of 0.075, 0.15, 0.3 g x kg(-1) x d(-1), and a donepezil group by intragastric administration of 0.92 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), a APPV717I transgenic model group and a normal group by intragastric administration of distilled water. A four-month treatment regimen with GEPT extracts was administered to APPV717I transgenic mice. Results showed that Spatial memory ability was measured in Morris water maze. The total area covered by shank1 and integral optical density in CA1 subfield within the hippocampus were determined using immunohistochemical stains and Image-Pro plus analysis. The ultrastructure of synapses in the hippocampal CA1 region was observed by electronic microscope.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>After a four-month of GEPT treatment regimen, the mean escape latency period were significantly shortened (P < 0.05), and the target quadrant search time were significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared to the APPV717I transgenic model mice. There was a significant higher level in the expression of shank1 detected in the hippocampal CA1 area of APPV717I transgenic mice associated with an increase in the number of synapses treated with GEPT than the levels in the APPV717I transgenic model mice alone. The total area of positive cells covered by shank1 and their integral optical density in the hippocampal CA1 area of the APPV717I transgenic mice treated with GEPT were significantly increased more than those of the APPV717I transgenic model mice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GEPT extracts can obviously improve the spatial memory ability of APPV717I transgenic mice at the early stage of dementia through enhancing the number of synapses and the expression of shank1, and this might lead to development of novel treatment therapies for the memory loss associated with AD.</p>

Prokaryotic expression, purification, refolding and biological assays of recombinant human interleukin 4 inclusion body / 生物医学工程学杂志

A DNA fragment encoding human interleukin 4 was obtained by PCR from pORF-hIL4 plasmid. The amplified fragment was inserted into prokaryotic expression vector PQE60 and recombinant protein was expressed in E. Coli M15 by adding isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG). The hIL-4 protein was present as insoluble inclusion bodies in the bacterial extract. After denaturation of inclusion bodies with 5 mol/L guanidine hydrochloride, the supernate was diluted to get renaturized. Then dialysis and Ni chelating chromatography were used for purification. TF-1 proliferation assay of recombinant human interleukin 4 was performed, and then rhIL-4 was fit to be used for proliferation of human dendritic cells from monocyte in vitro.

Improved effect of APP17 peptide on overexpression of phosphorylated Tau protein in brain tissues of mice with diabetes mellitus / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Overexpression of phosphorylated Tau protein is a factor of dementia, and scholars abroad find that APP17 peptide may have effect on it.OBJECTIVE: To observe changes of phosphorylated Tau protein Ser202/Thr205 of mice with diabetes mellitus (DM) after injection of APP17 peptide.DESIGN: Randomized control study.SETTING: Department of Pathology, Capital University of Medical Sciences; Department of Brain Aging, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Pathological Department of Capital University of Medical Sciences and Brain Aging Department of Beijing Xuanwu Hospital. A total of 18 male Kunming mice of 8 weeks old and weighing 28-32 g were randomly divided into control group, DM group and APP17 peptide group with 6 in each group.METHODS: DM models were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) through selectively destroying β-islet cells; meanwhile, APP17 peptide was intraperitoneally injected into mice. Four weeks later, brain tissue underwentimmunohistochemical staining with AT-8 (Ser202/Thr205, a special monoclonal antibody).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Morphological observation; ② AT-8 distribution; ③ quantitative analysis of immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: Positive AT-8 cells in DM group were distributed in retrosplenial cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, etc.; however, those incontrol and APP17 peptide groups were only distributed in retrosplenial cortex and hippocampus, and poorly stained.CONCLUSION: Positive AT-8 cells may be widely distributed in neurons of brains of DM mice; however, APP17 peptide may normalize the expression of positive AT-8 cells.