RESUMO
Objective:To understand the surveillance of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Zhongwei City of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region after marketization reform of salt industry (2017).Methods:In 2018, Shapotou District, Zhongning County and Haiyuan County of Zhongwei City were divided into five sampling areas according to the location of east, west, south, north and middle. In each area, one township was selected, and three salt sales outlets were selected from each township; at the same time, three supermarkets were selected from the cities and towns of each county (district), and different kinds of salt samples in all sales outlets and supermarkets were tested semi-quantitatively. From 2016 to 2020, Shapotou District, Zhongning County and Haiyuan County of Zhongwei City were divided into five sampling areas according to the location of east, west, south, north and middle. One township was selected from each area, and one primary school was selected from each township, 40 non-boarding students aged 8 - 10 years old (age balanced, half males and half females) were selected from each primary school; at the same time, 20 pregnant women were selected from each township, and salt samples were collected from houses of children and pregnant women to test salt iodine content. From 2018 to 2020, according to the "Ningxia Iodine Deficiency Disorders Surveillance Program (2016 Edition)", random urine samples of children and pregnant women were collected to detect urinary iodine content. In 2018 and 2019, the thyroid volume of children was measured by B-mode ultrasound, and the goiter rate was calculated.Results:In 2018, 13 kinds of salt were supplied in the market of Zhongwei City, a total of 130 salt samples were tested, and 11 samples of non-iodized salt were detected, with a rate of 8.46%. From 2016 to 2020, the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt in Zhongwei City were 90.33% (813/900), 67.89% (611/900), 78.67% (708/900), 91.56% (825/901) and 94.44% (850/900), respectively. From 2018 to 2020, the medians urinary iodine of children aged 8 - 10 years old were 189.33, 195.64, and 222.10 μg/L, and the medians urinary iodine of pregnant women were 158.21, 158.01, and 171.84 μg/L, respectively. In 2018 and 2019, the goiter rates of children aged 8 - 10 years old were 1.75% (7/400) and 0.67% (4/600), respectively.Conclusion:After marketization reform of salt industry, the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt in Zhongwei City decrease in 2017 and 2018, however, children and pregnant women have sufficient iodine nutrition, and the goiter rate of children is controlled at a low level.
RESUMO
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of inter-human brucellosis in Zhongwei City of Ningxia from 2005 to 2017,and to provide basis for making scientific and effective prevention and control measures of the disease.Methods Incidence data of brucellosis were collected in Zhongwei City from 2005 to 2017 and prevalence trends and distribution characteristics (place,time,and population distribution) were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 1 880 human brucellosis cases were reported in Zhongwei City from 2005 to 2017.The incidence of brucellosis in 2012 and 2015 was 5.03/100 000 and 61.80/100 000,which showed a dramatic and rapid ascent (x2trend =681.40,P ＜ 0.05),while after 2016,it showed a downward trend (xtrend =324.85,P ＜ 0.05),and in 2017 the reported incidence dropped to 25.13/100 000.Zhongning and Haiyuan Counties showed a high incidence from 2005 to 2017,and the incidence was 39.79％(748/1 880) and 36.06％ (678/1 880),respectively;April to September was the peak season;the sex ratio was 2.72:1.00 (1 375/505);1 379 cases (73.35％)occurred between 30 and 64 years old,and 1 616 cases (85.96％) occurred among farmer.Conclusion After 2016,the incidence of human outbreaks in Zhongwei City has declined;Zhongning and Haiyuan Counties are the key areas of morbidity;the key population for prevention and control is farmer.