Investigation on 90Sr and 137Cs activity concentrations in water in Hangzhou urban area from 2012 to 2020 / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To investigate the activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in water in Hangzhou urban area. Methods:From 2012 to 2020, Qiantang River water as an important drinking water source, tap water as direct drinking water for residents, and West Lake water in tourists crowded area were selected forwater quality monitoring with respect to conctnts of 90Sr and 137Cs. The activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in water samples, as collected in wet and dry seasons resepectively, were determined by radiochemical analysis, with the 137Cs to 90Sr activity ratios obtained. Results:From 2012 to 2020, the activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in tap water were (2.0±1.1) - (7.4±0.4) mBq/L and (0.45±0.06) - (7.1±0.6) mBq/L, respectively. The 137Cs to 90Sr activity ratios ranged from 0.07 to 2.40. The activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in Qiantang River were (3.7±1.1) - (17.0±4.4) mBq/L and (0.28±0.01) - (15.0±4.5) mBq/L, respectively. The 137Cs to 90Sr activity ratios ranged from 0.03 to 0.90. The activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in West Lake water were (2.2±0.5) - (11.0±2.0) mBq/L and (0.32±0.04) - (7.9±1.9) mBq/L, respectively. The 137Cs to 90Sr activity ratios ranged from 0.05 to 1.20. Conclusions:The activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in water in Hangzhou urban area were at the background levels, lower than the concentration limits, 10 Bq/L both for 90Sr and 137Cs recommended by WHO in the 4 th edition of Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality.

Status analysis of radiation occupational health inspection institutions in Zhejiang Province, China / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To investigate the operation status and service level of radiation occupational health inspection institutions in Zhejiang Province, China, and to provide a basis for administrative departments and quality management departments to develop policies. Methods The investigation data of radiation occupational health inspection institutions in Zhejiang Province were collected for descriptive analysis of the regional distribution, nature, and service qualification of the institutions. Results There were 27 radiation occupational health inspection institutions in Zhejiang Province. These institutions were located in 11 cities, of which 85.18% were public institutions and 14.72% were private institutions. For the physical examination workload of radiation workers in Zhejiang Province in 2021, general hospitals accounted for 75.90%, private institutions accounted for 4.51%, and occupational prevention and treatment hospitals accounted for 19.59%. In the radiation occupational health inspection institutions, the stand-alone and online software installation rates were 33.33% and 37.04%, respectively. A total of 26 986 individuals (82.97%) underwent chromosome aberration examination. The examination rates of thyroid color Doppler ultrasound examination and eye lens examination were 41.24% and 82.97%, respectively. Pre-job, on-job, and off-job physical examination accounted for 25.81%, 70.52%, and 3.67%, respectively. For radiation workers who underwent on-job physical examination, diagnostic radiology workers accounted for the highest proportion of 34.90%. The excellent, qualified, and unqualified rates of 27 radiation occupational health inspection institutions were 7.41%, 88.89%, and 3.70%, respectively. Conclusion The network of radiation occupational health inspection institutions in Zhejiang Province is well-established and located mainly in general hospitals, occupational prevention and control institutions, and private institutions. To enhance the quality and proficiency of occupational health examinations, it is imperative to prioritize self-improvement and management, reinforce law enforcement supervision, actively engage in blind sample assessments, and advance the application of information technology and standardized services.

Analysis of monitored results of death cause in residents around Sanmen nuclear power plant from 2015 to 2019 / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To investigate the data on death cause of residents around Sanmen nuclear power plant from 2015 to 2019.Methods:The data on death cause of residents in Sanmen county from 2015 to 2019 were collected, and the top 10 diseases in death causes ranking and radiation-related malignant tumors were analyzed.Results:The average mortality rate of residents in Sanmen county was 575.87 per 100 000 population from 2015 to 2019, lower than the national level and close to that in Zhejiang Province. The top 10 death causes remain unchanged, higher than 95.79% of total deaths. The mortality rate of malignant tumor increased from 159.23 per 100 000 population in 2015 to 191.51 per 100 000 population in 2019 (χ 2=15.889, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of mortality from radiation-related tumor(leukemia and thyroid cancer) in Sanmen county in recent 5 years ( P>0.05). Conclusions:From 2015 to 2019, the death rates of residents in Sanmen county were relatively stable. The effects of the operation of the nuclear power plant on the health of the local residents need to be continuously monitored.

Investigation on levels of 90Sr and 137Cs in drinking water and food after installation of the first AP1000 nuclear power unit in China / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To investigate and analyze the radioactivity levels of 90Sr and 137Cs in drinking water and 137Cs in food after the installation of the first AP1000 nuclear power unit in China. Methods:From 2012 to 2019, four drinking water monitoring points around AP1000 nuclear power unit located at Sanmen nuclear power plant site were collected during the wet season and dry season, 90Sr and 137Cs and radioactivity concentrations were determined in drinking water. Local rice, cabbage, crucian and mullet were collected to determine the radioactivity concentration of 137Cs. Results:From 2012 to 2019, the radioactivity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in drinking water were 1.2-9.8 mBq/L and 0.2-8.1 mBq/L, respectively. The radioactivity concentration of 137Cs in food were 1.1×10 -2-2.8×10 -1 Bq/kg, lower than the limits specified in the Limited concentrations of radioactive materials in foods (GB 14882-94). Conclusions:After the installation of the first AP1000 nuclear power unit in China, the radioactivity levels of 90Sr and 137Cs in drinking water and 137Cs in foods are stable, without environmental impact identified.

Investigation on levels of gross radioactivity in drinking water and 90Sr in food before and after operation of Sanmen Nuclear Power Plant / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To investigate the levels of gross radioactivity in drinking water and of 90Sr in food around Sanmen nuclear power plant (NPP) before and after operation. Methods:From 2012 to 2019, 7 drinking water monitoring sites were selected around the Sanmen NPP to collect source water, factory water and peripheral water, respectively, in order to measure and analyze the total radioactivity level in drinking water. Based on the dietary habits of local residents, 4 kinds of food such as grains, vegetables, freshwater fish and marine fish grown locally were sampled to measure and analyze the activity concentration of 90Sr. Results:Before the operation of Sanmen NPP, the total α radioactivity and total β radioactivity in drinking water around the NPP were 0.001-0.063 Bq/L and 0.019-0.210 Bq/L, respectively. After operation, the total α radioactivity and total β radioactivity were 0.001-0.084 Bq/L and 0.025-0.079 Bq/L, respectively. Both were lower than the national standard value given in the GB 5749-2006 " Sanitary standards for drinking water" . There was no significant change in the radioactivity level of source water, factory water and peripheral water during the wet and dry periods. The activity concentration of 90Sr in these four types of food ranged from 0.037 to 1.216 Bq/kg before operation and from 0.049 to 0.692 Bq/kg after operation, all lower than the standard value of " Standard for the concentration in radioactive substances in food" (GB 14882-94). Conclusions:Before and after the operation of Sanmen NPP, the total α and total β radioactivity in drinking water and 90Sr activity concentration in food are stable, below the national standard limit.

Assessment of committed effective dose from ingestion of 137Cs in seafood from coastal areas of Zhejiang province / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective@#To investigate the contents of radionuclide 137Cs in seafood from coastal areas of Zhejiang province, and to estimate the annual committed effective dose to population in different regions from ingestion of 137Cs in seafood.@*Methods@#Three representative monitoring areas were set on the coastaline of Zhejiang province, and the locally popular seafoods were selected as monitoring objectives. The contents of radionuclide 137Cs were detected using HPGe γ spectrometry. The committed effective doses were estimated based on monitoring results and consumption data on seafoods in Zhejiang.@*Results@#The detection ratio of 137Cs in seafood produced on coastal areas of Zhejiang province was estimated to be 35.3% (36/102). Specific activity detected ranged from 0.004 to 0.140 Bq/(kg, Wet). Committed effective doses from ingestion of 137Cs in one year to the population in island region, coastal region and inland region were 3.03×10-5, 1.63×10-5, 3.38×10-6 mSv, respectively, far lower than the world committed effective dose resulting from internal exposure.@*Conclusions@#At present, the content level of 137Cs in seafood produced on the coastal areas of Zhejiang province is much lower than the national standard limit, and the dose burden to the population is very minor with no health impact to the population.

Assessment of committed effective dose from ingestion of 137 Cs in seafood from coastal areas of Zhejiang province / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the contents of radionuclide 137 Cs in seafood from coastal areas of Zhejiang province, and to estimate the annual committed effective dose to population in different regions from ingestion of 137 Cs in seafood. Methods Three representative monitoring areas were set on the coastaline of Zhejiang province, and the locally popular seafoods were selected as monitoring objectives. The contents of radionuclide 137 Cs were detected using HPGeγspectrometry. The committed effective doses were estimated based on monitoring results and consumption data on seafoods in Zhejiang. Results The detection ratio of 137 Cs in seafood produced on coastal areas of Zhejiang province was estimated to be 35.3％ ( 36/102 ) . Specific activity detected ranged from 0. 004 to 0. 140 Bq/( kg, Wet ) . Committed effective doses from ingestion of 137 Cs in one year to the population in island region, coastal region and inland region were 3. 03 × 10-5 , 1. 63 × 10-5 , 3. 38 × 10-6 mSv, respectively, far lower than the world committed effective dose resulting from internal exposure. Conclusions At present, the content level of 137 Cs in seafood produced on the coastal areas of Zhejiang province is much lower than the national standard limit, and the dose burden to the population is very minor with no health impact to the population.