Furosteroidal saponin from Smilacina japonica / 中国中药杂志

Smilacina japonica is a perennial herb, belonging to Smilacina genus of Liliaceae. A new furosteroidal saponin (1) was isolated and purified from the ethanol extract of the rhizome of S. japonica by various column chromatography. Its structure was established as 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-5-en-3beta, 12, 17alpha, 22xi, 26-pentol-12-O-acetyle-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside by physical and chemical properties and IR, MS, 1D, 2D NMR techniques. It showed strong cytotoxicity against the SPC-A-1 cancer cell lines.

Separation and Purification of Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 5-O-methylvisammioside from Saposhnikovia Divaricata by High-speed Counter-current Chromatography / 分析化学

High-speed counter-current chromatographic ( HSCCC ) method was successfully used to separate and purify prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 5-0-methylvisammioside from Saposhnikovia divaricata(Thicz. ) Schis-chk. ,a traditional Chinese herb,with a solvent system composed of ethyl acetate-n-butanol-water(2:7:9,V/V). The lower phase of the system was used as the mobile phase at the flow rate of 2.0 mL/min,and the upper phase was used as the stationary phase. The separation produced a total 13.9 mg prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 25.0 mg 5-0-methylvisammioside with the purity of 98. 1% and 99.2% determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) from 316 mg of crude sample from S. divaricata. The structures of isolated compounds were identified by ESI-MS,~1H NMR and ~(13)C NMR.

Expression of apoptosis correlated genes Bcl\|2 and Bax oncoproteins and its significance in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

Objective: Expression of Bcl\|2 and Bax oncoproteins was tested in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) in order to find the relationship between the two genes and LSCC, and to explrore their clinical significance by retrospectively study of pathological and clinical doouments. Methods: Immunohistochemical S\|P method was emioyed in testing the expression of Bcl\|2 and Bax oncoproteins in 74 patients with LSCC, 24 laryngeal atypical hyperplasis (LAH) and 24 laryngeal normal membrane (LNM). Results: Bcl\|2 oncoprotein was mainly expressed in cytoplasm of epithelium cells and a small part of cell membrances were stained, appearing brow or yellow, granular distribution.There were no expression in the cell nuclear and stroma. Bax oncoprotein was expressed in cytoplasm and cell membrane and there were a little expression in stroma, appearing light brown and yellow, granular distribution. Bax was less stained than Bcl\|2. The positive expression percentages of Bcl\|2 oncoprotein in LSCC, LAH, LNM tissues were 59.46%,66.67% and 20.83% respectively. The Bcl\|2 expressions in LSCC, LAH tissues were significantly higher than that in LNM (P＜0.05); The positive expression percentages of Bax oncoprotein in these three groups were 56.76%, 50.0% and 66.67% respectively which were no significant difference. The results of Spearman correlated analysis showed that expression of Bcl\|2 and Bax oncoproteins had no obvious correlations with pathological grade, clinical stage and metastasis of lymph node. Both were correlated only with smoking. Conclusions: The imbalance of Bcl\|2/Bax mainly induced by the high expression of Bcl\|2 oncoprotein played an important role in the development of LSCC and LAH, Bcl\|2 may act as a reference index in judging the biological speciality of LSCC; Expressions of Bcl\|2 and Bax oncoprotein had obvious corelation with smoking in LSCC, indicating Bcl\|2 and Bax genes may be a target of carcinogenic substance in tobacco; Expression of Bcl\|2 oncoprotein was blocked may be an important part in studying gene therapy for the future.

Observation of Vocal Polyps Treated with CO_2 Laser and Laryngeal Microsurgery / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective The present study aimed at the effect observation of vocal polyps treated with CO2 laser and laryngeal microsurgery. Methods The subjects were 60 patients, 30 were treated by CO2 laser and 30 by laryngeal microsurgery. A set of tests had been routinely used for vocal polyp patients in this study. The tests included(1) indirect laryngoscopic examination,(2)voice analysis: PPQ(pitch perturbation quotient), APQ(amplitude perturbation quotient), H/N(harmonics to noise ratio).(3)psychoacoustic evaluation: GRBAS method: Grade(G), Rough(R), Breathy(B), Asthenic(A), Strained(S). Results After operation, the recovery time of vocal cord for CO2 laser treated group was longer than that in the laryngeal microsurgery group. The acoustic parameters PPQ for CO2 laser group were larger than that in the laryngeal microsurgery group, moreover H/N values were smaller than that in laryngeal microsurgery group. The psychoacoustic evaluation for CO2 laser group was rough and strained, and for laryngeal microsurgery group was only rough. Conclusion The curative effect of laryngeal microsurgery is definite. Microsurgery is better than CO2 laser when recovery time and vocal function improvement are considered.