OLIG2 expression level could be used as an independent prognostic factor for patients with cerebellar Glioblastoma (cGBM)

Abstract Objectives: The incidence of cerebellar Glioblastoma Multiforme (cGBM) is rare. Database like TCGA have not distinguish cGBM from GBM, our knowledge on cGBM gene expression characteristics is limited. The expression status of Oligodendrocyte Lineage Transcription factor 2 (OLIG2) and its clinical significance in cGBM is still unclear. Methods: The clinical data and tissue specimens of 73 cGBM patients were retrospectively studied. The association between OLIG2 expression level and the demographic characteristics of cGBM patients was identified by the Chi-Square test. The survival curves were drawn by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The independent prognostic factors was calculated according to Cox regression analysis. Results: The OLIG2 high expression was observed in about 57.5% (42/73) of the cGBM patients. Patients with high OLIG2 expression levels had a higher alive ratio at the end of follow-up (alive ratio: 70.6% vs. 29.4%, p = 0.04). The median survival time was 21 months and 13 months for high and low expression of OLIG2 (p < 0 .05). Univariate analysis and Multivariate analysis indicated that EOR (HR = 3.89, 95% CI 1.23−12.26, p = 0.02), low OLIG2 expression (HR = 5.26, 95% CI 1.13−24.59, p = 0.04), and without adjuvant therapy (HR = 4.95, 95% CI 1.22−20.00, p = 0.03) were independent risk factors for the OS of cGBM patients. Conclusion: High expression level of OLIG2 could be used as an independent favorable prognosis indicator in cGBM patients and be recognized as a characteristic biomarker of cGBM.

Effects of probiotic supplements on insulin resistance in patients with diet-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveAt present, there are few reports on the therapeutic effect of probiotic supplements in patients with dietary-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aims to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplements on insulin resistance in patients with dietary-controlled GDM.Methods122 pregnant women with dietary-controlled GDM who could control blood glucose less than 92 mg/dL through diet and exercise were selected from the Obstetrics Department in Bayannur Hospital from February to December 2018. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: Probiotics Group (probiotic supplements containing bifidobacterium and lactobacillus) and Placebo Group (placebo capsules). 61 patients in each group were treated continuously for 4 weeks. The main evaluation index was the mean difference of fasting blood glucose, fasting plasma insulin and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) between the two groups, and the secondary evaluation index was the change of maternal weight after intervention.ResultsThe increase of fasting blood glucose [(0.59±6.42)mg/dL], fasting plasma insulin [(1.14±1.95)mIU/mL] and HOMA-IR (0.27±0.45) in the Probiotics Group after intervention were significantly lower than those in the Placebo Group [(4.78±7.47 mg/dL), (3.86±1.82) mIU/mL, (0.86±0.59)], and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05).ConclusionDuring pregnancy, probiotic supplements for four weeks in patients with dietary-controlled GDM can reduce fasting blood glucose and increase insulin sensitivity. Therefore, probiotic supplements can be used as adjunctive therapy for blood glucose control in patients with dietary-controlled GDM.

Effects of probiotic supplements on insulin resistance in patients with diet-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveAt present, there are few reports on the therapeutic effect of probiotic supplements in patients with dietary-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aims to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplements on insulin resistance in patients with dietary-controlled GDM.Methods122 pregnant women with dietary-controlled GDM who could control blood glucose less than 92 mg/dL through diet and exercise were selected from the Obstetrics Department in Bayannur Hospital from February to December 2018. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: Probiotics Group (probiotic supplements containing bifidobacterium and lactobacillus) and Placebo Group (placebo capsules). 61 patients in each group were treated continuously for 4 weeks. The main evaluation index was the mean difference of fasting blood glucose, fasting plasma insulin and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) between the two groups, and the secondary evaluation index was the change of maternal weight after intervention.ResultsThe increase of fasting blood glucose [(0.59±6.42)mg/dL], fasting plasma insulin [(1.14±1.95)mIU/mL] and HOMA-IR (0.27±0.45) in the Probiotics Group after intervention were significantly lower than those in the Placebo Group [(4.78±7.47 mg/dL), (3.86±1.82) mIU/mL, (0.86±0.59)], and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05).ConclusionDuring pregnancy, probiotic supplements for four weeks in patients with dietary-controlled GDM can reduce fasting blood glucose and increase insulin sensitivity. Therefore, probiotic supplements can be used as adjunctive therapy for blood glucose control in patients with dietary-controlled GDM.

Effect of Triptolide on Expression of Oxidative Carbonyl Protein in Renal Cortex of Rats with Diabetic Nephropathy / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The traditional Chinese medicine (Tripterygium wilfordiiHook.f.,TWH) has been clinically used to treat primary and secondary renal diseases and proteinuria for nearly 40 years.However,there is a rare literature about the effect of triptolide (the main active ingredient of TWH) on the expression of oxidative carbonyl protein (OCP) in diabetic nephropathy (DN).This study aimed to provide experimental evidence for triptolide treatment on DN through its effect on the expression of OCP,in order to investigate the effects of triptolide on the expression of OCP in rats with DN.Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:control group,high-dose triptolide (Th) group,low-dose triptolide (T1) group,DN model group,and positive control (benazepril) group.The DN model was established using streptozotocin.Urinary protein excretion,fasting blood glucose (FBG),superoxide dismutase (SOD) in renal homogenate,malondialdehyde (MDA) in renal homogenate and renal nitrotyrosine by immunohistochemistry,and the expression of OCP by oxyblotimmune blotting were detected.In the DN model group,rat urinary protein excretion and renal MDA were significantly increased,while renal SOD significantly decreased and nitrotyrosine expression was obviously upregulated in the kidney.After triptolide treatment,24-h urinary protein excretion (61.96±19.00 vs.18.32±4.78 mg/day,P＜0.001),renal MDA (8.09±0.79 vs.5.45±0.68 nmol/L,P＜0.001),and nitrotyrosine expression were decreased.Furthermore,renal OCP significantly decreased,while renal SOD (82.50±19.10 vs.124.00±20.52 U/L,P＜0.001) was elevated.This study revealed that triptolide can down-regulate the expression of OCP in the renal cortex of DN rats.

Open reduction and internal fixation of posterior pilon fractures with buttress plate

Objective: Posterior pilon fractures are rare injuries and have not yet gained well recognition. The purpose of this study was to present the treatment outcome for patients with posterior pilon fractures treated with buttress plate. Method: In this retrospective study we identified patients with posterior pilon fractures of the distal tibia who had undergone open reduction and internal fixation at our institute. Between January 2007 and December 2009, 10 patients (mean age, 46.5 years) who had undergone buttress plating via either a posterolateral approach or a dual posterolateral-posteromedial approach, were selected. All 10 patients were available for follow-up. The clinical outcome was evaluated with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score and the visual analogue scale (VAS). The radiological evaluation was performed using the osteoarthritis-score (OA-score). Results: Satisfactory reduction and stable fixation were accomplished in all patients. At a mean follow-up of 36.2 months, all patients had good radiological results and showed satisfactory clinical recovery. The mean AOFAS sore was 87.8, the mean OA-score was 0.6, and the mean VAS scores during rest, active motion, and weight-bearing walking were 0.6, 0.8, and 1.4, respectively. Conclusion: Buttress plating for posterior pilon fractures gave satisfactory clinical outcomes. It also ensured rigid fixation which in turn enabled earlier postoperative mobilization. Level of Evidence IV, Retrospective Study. .

Desfechos clínicos de tratamento cirúrgico de más uniões ou não consolidadas do tálus / Clinical outcomes of surgical treatment for talar malunions and nonunions

Objetivo: apresentar nossas experiências no tratamento de más uniões ou não consolidações talares. Método: entre janeiro de 2000 e setembro de 2009, 26 pacientes com má união ou nãounião depois de fraturas do tálus foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de acordo com os diferentes tipos de deformidade talar. Os desfechos do tratamento foram avaliados pela escala tornozelo-retropé da AOFAS, assim como por radiografias simples. Resultados: 20 pacientes ficaram disponíveis para acompanhamento por 30 (24 a 60) meses. Não houve problema de cicatrização ou infecção das feridas e foram obtidas uniões sólidas em todos os pacientes. As uniões radiológicas foram atingidas em tempo médio de 14 (faixa de 12 a 18) semanas. O tempo médio para concluir o apoio de carga foi 16 (faixa de 14 a 20) semanas. O escore AOFAS médio aumentou significantemente de 36,2 (27 a 43) para 85,8 (74 a 98). Conclusão: as intervenções cirúrgicas das fraturas mal-unidas ou não consolidadas dos tálus podem produzir resultados satisfatórios e o procedimento apropriado deve ser adotado, de acordo com diferentes tipos de deformidades pós-traumáticas. Nível de Evidência: IV, Estudo Retrospectivo.

Objective: To present our experiences of treating talar malunions and nonunions. Method: between January 2000 and September 2009, 26 patients with malunions or nonunions after talar fractures underwent surgical treatment according to different types of talar deformities. The treatment outcomes were evaluated using AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scale as well as plain radiographs. Results: 20 patients were available for follow-up for 30 (range, 24 to 60) months. No wound healing problems or infections occurred and solid unions were achieved in all patients. Radiological unions were achieved at a mean time of 14 (range, 12 to 18) weeks. The mean time to complete weight-bearing was 16 (range, 14 to 20) weeks. The mean AOFAS score increased significantly from 36.2 (range, 27 to 43) to 85.8 (range, 74 to 98). Conclusion: surgical interventions for malunions and nonunions after talar fractures can bring about satisfactory outcomes, and the appropriate procedure should be adopted according to different types of posttraumatic deformities. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Study.