Accuracy of digital guided implant surgery: expert consensus on nonsurgical factors and their treatments / 口腔疾病防治

@#The standardized workflow of computer-aided static guided implant surgery includes preoperative examination, data acquisition, guide design, guide fabrication and surgery. Errors may occur at each step, leading to irreversible cumulative effects and thus impacting the accuracy of implant placement. However, clinicians tend to focus on factors causing errors in surgical operations, ignoring the possibility of irreversible errors in nonstandard guided surgery. Based on the clinical practice of domestic experts and research progress at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the sources of errors in guided implant surgery from the perspectives of preoperative inspection, data collection, guide designing and manufacturing and describes strategies to resolve errors so as to gain expert consensus. Consensus recommendation: 1. Preoperative considerations: the appropriate implant guide type should be selected according to the patient's oral condition before surgery, and a retaining screw-assisted support guide should be selected if necessary. 2. Data acquisition should be standardized as much as possible, including beam CT and extraoral scanning. CBCT performed with the patient’s head fixed and with a small field of view is recommended. For patients with metal prostheses inside the mouth, a registration marker guide should be used, and the ambient temperature and light of the external oral scanner should be reasonably controlled. 3. Optimization of computer-aided design: it is recommended to select a handle-guided planting system and a closed metal sleeve and to register images by overlapping markers. Properly designing the retaining screws, extending the support structure of the guide plate and increasing the length of the guide section are methods to feasibly reduce the incidence of surgical errors. 4. Improving computer-aided production: it is also crucial to set the best printing parameters according to different printing technologies and to choose the most appropriate postprocessing procedures.

18F-FDG PET/CT Prognostic Role in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Following Chemotherapy / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo assess the prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters for predicting therapeutic response in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma （DLBCL）. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and 18F-FDG PET/CT radiomics features of 81 DLBCL patients enrolled between June 2015 and October 2020. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictive factors for therapeutic response of DLBCL， based on which a predictive model was developed accordingly. The performance of the model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curves and calibration plots. ResultsDuring the two years after first chemotherapy， 23 patients （28.3%） developed relapse and 58 patients （71.7%） had progression-free survival （PFS）. The analysis for the predictive capability of the binary logistic regression model incorporating the PET/CT features revealed that the imaging features of 18F-FDG PET/CT after chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for PFS. Among them， SUVTHR-mean2 was the most important factor for predicting therapeutic response in DLBCL patients after chemotherapy， with a cutoff value of 2.00 （AUC=0.81）. Conclusions18F-FDG PET/CT showed a valuable prognostic performance for PFS in DLBCL patients after chemotherapy， with the imaging feature after chemotherapy SUVTLR-mean2 being the optimal independent predictor. Our predictive model of imaging features might have an important prognostic value in assessing the risk of disease progression， guiding the treatment and follow-up protocol， improving therapeutic efficiency and cutting down the medical cost.

Research progress in photocatalysis of titanium dioxide nanowire / 口腔疾病防治

@#Because nanoparticles have particular characteristics, such as small size and surface effects, nano-TiO2 is widely used in air purification, wastewater treatment and self-cleaning. In recent years, TiO2 photocatalysis has thoroughly explored as a new titanium implant surface treatment method. Photocatalytic performance is better for TiO2 nanowires than for nano-TiO2 particles. Hence, these nanowires have received widespread attention with regard for their more specific surface area and surface energy, improved charge carrier transport efficiency, and enhanced charge collection efficiency. Photon-generated carrier transport moves in a one dimensional straight path along a nanowire, and this could decrease photoelectron loss. In this paper, we summarized the principles underlying, factors that influence, and applications involving TiO2 nanowire photocatalysis. Additionally, we describe its method of preparation and toxicity.

Application of All-on-Four technology in the field of dental implants / 口腔疾病防治

@#Dental implant restoration is an effective way to restore the chewing and aesthetic function for edentulous. However, dental implant restoration is facing great challenges of the lack of available bone, the maxillary sinus or inferior alveolar nerve vascular bundle, which is often necessary to carry out the related bone augmentation operation. All-on-Four technique is to use four implants in the anterior part of complete edentulous jaws, the two most anterior implants are placed axially whereas the two posterior implants are placed distally angled, to support a provisional, fixed, and immediately loaded prosthesis. The technique avoids the artificial bone substitutes implantation and maxillary sinus augmentation or other bone augmentation surgery. Besides, it could alleviate patients' psychological reaction, postoperative reaction, as well as time and money costs. It is considered a feasible treatment method to combine the application of the oblique implant and the axial implant in the treatment of the edentulous patients. This paper will elaborate on the concept of All-on-Four, the conventional technology, the evaluation research and some new viewpoints.

Massive and painful ascites as a presenting manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus flare: a case report and literature review / Ascitis dolorosa y masiva como forma de presentación de una reactivación lúpica: Presentación de un caso

Lupus peritonitis (LP) is extremely rare. Acute LP is characterized by rapid onset of ascites and severe abdominal pain, in addition to other well-recognized clinical features of a general systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) fare. Ascites associated with acute LP has been rarely reported as the prominent feature of a SLE fare. We report a 39-year-old woman who developed massive, painful ascites as the presenting manifestation of a SLE fare. Diagnostic workup ruled out the possibility of hepatic, cardiovascular, infectious, or malignant diseases, and confirmed the presence of a SLE fare. The patient was treated with methyl prednisolone and hydroxychloroquine resulting in dramatic improvement of her condition. During ambulatory follow up, she has remained asymptomatic up to the moment of this writing. Adrenal steroids and hydrocychloroquine may be useful for the management of SLE fares in patients with massive, painful ascites due to acute LP.

La peritonitis lúpica es rara. El cuadro agudo se caracteriza por ascitis de comienzo rápido, dolor abdominal severo y otras manifestaciones de una recidiva de un lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES). Sólo ocasionalmente e ha informado que la ascitis y peritonitis lúpica sean las principales manifestaciones de una recidiva lúpica. Presentamos a una mujer de 39 años que presentó ascitis masiva y dolorosa como la primera manifestación de una reactivación lúpica. El estudio diagnóstico descartó problemas hepáticos, pulmonares, cardiacos, cáncer o infecciones y confirmó la reactivación lúpica. La paciente se trató con metilprednisolona y cloroquina, resultando en una mejoría dramática. Al momento de preparar este informe, la paciente permanece asintomática en control ambulatorio. Los corticoides y cloroquina pueden ser medicamentos útiles para el tratamiento de pacientes con ascitis dolorosa y masiva secundaria a peritonitis lúpica.

Effect of Lactobacillus species on Streptococcus mutans Biofilm formation

Streptococcus mutans is the primary pathogen responsible for initiating dental caries and decay

The presence of sucrose, stimulates S. mutans to produce insoluble glucans to form oral biofilm also known as dental plaque to initiate caries lesion

The GtfB and LuxS genes of S. mutans are responsible for formation and maturation of biofilm. Lactobacillus species as probiotic can reduces the count of S. mutans. In this study effect of different Lactobacillus species against the formation of S. mutans biofilm was observed

Growing biofilm in the presence of sucrose was detected using 96 well microtiter plate crystal violet assay and biofilm formation by S. mutans in the presence of Lactobacillus was detected. Gene expression of biofilm forming genes [GtfB and LuxS] was quantified through Real-time PCR

All strains of Lactobacillus potently reduced the formation of S. mutans biofilm whereas Lactobacillus acidophilus reduced the genetic expression by 60-80%

Therefore, probiotic Lactobacillus species can be used as an alternative instead of antibiotics to decrease the chance of dental caries by reducing the count of S. mutans and their gene expression to maintain good oral health.

Proteomic and gene expression patterns of keratoconus.

Keratoconus is a progressive corneal thinning disease associated with significant tissue remodeling activities and activation of a variety of signaling networks. However, it is not understood how differential gene and protein expression direct function in keratoconus corneas to drive the underlying pathology, ectasia. Research in the field has focused on discovering differentially expressed genes and proteins and quantifying their levels and activities in keratoconus patient samples. In this study, both microarray analysis of total ribonucleic acid (RNA) and whole proteome analyses are carried out using corneal epithelium and tears from keratoconus patients and compared to healthy controls. A number of structural proteins, signaling molecules, cytokines, proteases, and enzymes have been found to be deregulated in keratoconus corneas. Together, the data provide clues to the complex process of corneal degradation which suggest novel ways to clinically diagnose and manage the disease. This review will focus on discussing these recent advances in the knowledge of keratoconus biology from a gene expression and function point-of-view.

Expression and clinical significance of CD82/KAI1 and E-cadherin in non-small cell lung cancer

This study investigates the expression of CD82/KAI1 and epithelial-cadherin [E-cad] in non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC]. Tissues of resected primary NSCLC and normal lung tissue were investigated. Protein expression was detected with immunohistochemical staining. mRNA expression levels of CD82/KAI1 and E-cad were determined by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR] after mRNA extraction. The expression of CD82/KAI1 and E-cad was significantly lower in NSCLC compared to normal lung tissue [P < 0.01]. CD821 KAI1 and F-cad mRNA and protein expression were found to be in close relationship with the grade of differentiation, lymph node metastasis and pathologic tumor-node-metastasis [pTNM] stages, and survival in NSCLC [P < 0.01], but no relationship was observed with gender, diameter, type, histological type and age [P > 0.05]. Expression of mRNA CD82/KAI1 and F-cad were consistent with their proteins [P < 0.01], and there was a significant relationship between expression of CD82/KAI1 and F-cad. The survival rate of the CD82/KAI1-positive and CD82/KAI1 -negative groups was significantly different [P < 0.01]. In addition, the survival rate was significantly different between the E-cad-positive and E-cad-negative groups. pTNM stages and positive expression of CD82/KAI1 and E-cad were independent prognostic factors of NSCLC [P < 0.05]. Lower expression of CD82/KAI1 and F-cad was found in NSCLC compared to normal lung tissue. Decreased expression of CD82/KAI1 and F-cad was closely related to cellular differentiation, pTNM stages, invasion and metastasis

Selection of scFvs specifi c for the HepG2 cell line using ribosome display.

The aim of this study was to construct a ribosome display library of single chain variable fragments (scFvs) associated with hepatocarcinoma and screen such a library for hepatocarcinoma-binding scFvs. mRNA was isolated from the spleens of mice immunized with hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2. Heavy and k chain genes (VH and k) were amplifi ed separately by RT-PCR, and an anti-HepG2 VH/k chain ribosome display library was constructed by assembling VH and k into the VH/k chain with a specially constructed linker by SOE-PCR. The VH/k chain library was transcribed and translated in vitro using a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system. In order to isolate specifi c scFvs, recognizing HepG2 negative selection on a normal hepatocyte line WRL-68 was carried out before three rounds of positive selection on HepG2. After three rounds of panning, cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that one of the scFvs had high affi nity for the HepG2 cell and lower affi nity for the WRL-68 cell. In this study, we successfully constructed a native ribosome display library. Such a library would prove useful for direct intact cell panning using ribosome display technology. The selected scFv had a potential value for hepatocarcinoma treatment.

Progress of dental implantology / 华西口腔医学杂志

Along with the rapid development of the dental implantology, there are a lot of new theories and new discovery in the design of the implant itself and the osteointegration process on the interface of the implant-bone. In this paper, platform switching bone preservation technique, theory of contact osteogenesis and distance osteogenesis in the interface of implant-bone are introduced. The relationship of these new techniques, and the theory with the implant design and the surgical consideration are discussed.