Risk factors for failure of nasal high frequency oscillatory ventilation as initial therapy in very low birth weight infants with respiratory distress syndrome / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To study the risk factors of failure using nasal high frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) as initial therapy in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs).Methods:From January 2018 to December 2021, VLBWIs with RDS initially supported by nHFOV in NICU of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. They were assigned into success and failure groups according to the ventilation efficacy. Demographic data and clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared. Risk factors of initial nHFOV failure were analyzed using binary Logistic regression method.Results:A total of 135 infants were included, including 103 in the success group and 32 in the failure group. The initial nHFOV failure rate was 23.7%. The failure group had lower pH (7.26±0.09 vs. 7.33±0.08) and PaO 2 [61.0 (49.6, 77.2) mmHg vs. 83.6 (64.4, 99.0) mmHg] than the success group ( P<0.05) and higher PaCO 2 than the success group [49.0 (42.3, 58.1) mmHg vs. 43.4 (36.0, 50.0) mmHg] ( P<0.05). Using PaCO 2 as predictor, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.682 (95% CI 0.575-0.788) and the cut-off value was 44.8 mmHg for nHFOV failure and the AUC was 0.716 (95% CI 0.615-0.817) and the cut-off value was 67.1 mmHg for nHFOV success. The incidences of early onset sepsis (EOS), shock within 3 d and hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in the failure group were significantly higher than the success group (40.6% vs. 7.8%, 53.1% vs. 2.9%, 31.3% vs. 13.6%, P<0.05, respectively). Binary logistic regression analysis found that PaO 2<67.1 mmHg ( OR=5.458,95% CI 1.730-17.220) on the first blood gas analysis and shock within 3 d ( OR=26.585,95% CI 3.854-183.396) were independent risk factors for initial nHFOV failure ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The failure of initial nHFOV is correlated with the first blood gas parameters, EOS, hsPDA and shock within 3 d. Shock within 3 d and low PaO 2(<67.1 mmHg) were independent risk factors for initial nHFOV failure.

Retrospective analysis of strabismus surgery in adolescents and children in Yunnan province / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To analyze the strabismus surgery situation of adolescents and children in Yunnan province.METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on medical records data of 3 068 adolescents and children who received strabismus surgery at Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University from January 2017 to December 2021. The analysis included gender, constituent ratio of age, distribution of strabismus types and combination with other ocular diseases, etc.RESULTS: Among the included patients, 52.12% were males, and 47.88% were females. Preschool patients(1 to 6 years old)accounted for 32.89%, primary pupils(7 to 12 years old)accounted for 45.89% and high school students(13 to 18 years old)accounted for 21.22%. Exotropia accounted for 63.17% of the total strabismus, of which intermittent exotropia was the most common type. Esotropia accounted for 19.69%, and concomitant esotropia was the most common type. The special type of strabismus accounted for 17.14%, and A-V syndrome and dissociative vertical deviation(DVD)were the most common types. Strabismus combined with ametropia accounted for 61.02% and amblyopia accounted for 10.89%. A few patients also combined with other eye diseases.CONCLUSION: In Yunnan province, intermittent exotropia was the most common type of strabismus among adolescents and children. Some patients combined with other ocular diseases.

Effects of quality improvement project of respiratory support in delivery room on the short-term clinical outcomes of very/extremely low birth weight infants / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To study the effects of quality improvement project of respiratory support in delivery room on the short-term clinical outcomes of very/extremely low birth weight infant (VLBWI/ELBWI).Methods:The clinical data of VLBWI/ELBWI before and after the implementation of the quality improvement project of respiratory support in delivery room in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The incidences of endotracheal intubation in delivery room, total endotracheal intubation within 72 h after birth, mechanical ventilation duration, total oxygen therapy duration, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and other complications were compared between pre-improvement group (from January to October 2019) and post-improvement group (from January to December 2020).Results:A total of 85 cases were included in pre-improvement group and 85 in post-improvement group. The gestational age of the two groups were (29.2±1.4) weeks and (29.1±1.5)weeks and the birth weight were (1 180±195) g and (1 186±207) g, without significant differences ( P>0.05). After the implementation of the quality improvement project, the incidence of endotracheal intubation in the delivery room decreased from 32.9% to 2.4%, and the total incidence of endotracheal intubation within 72 h after birth decreased from 58.8% to 27.1%. The usage of pulmonary surfactant significantly decreased from 54.1% to 38.8% ( P<0.05) and the incidence of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) also significantly decreased from 17.6% to 5.9% ( P<0.05).No significant differences existed among other complications ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The quality improvement project of respiratory support in the delivery room can significantly reduce the incidence of endotracheal intubation in VLBWI/ELBWI without increasing short-term adverse outcome.

Efficacy analysis of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation and minimally invasive surfactant therapy in very preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To study the efficacy of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) and minimally invasive surfactant therapy (MIST) in very preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).Methods:From January to December 2020, very preterm infants (gestation age ≤30 weeks) with RDS born and treated in our hospital were randomly assigned into NIPPV group and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) group. Both groups were treated with MIST technique. The following items were compared between the two groups:adverse reactions during MIST, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2) at 2 h after MIST, the incidences of intubation within 72 h, two or more doses of pulmonary surfactant (PS), frequent apnea, other complications and the parameters of respiratory support treatment. Results:A total of 62 cases were included, with 32 in the NIPPV group and 30 in the NCPAP group. Compared with the NCPAP group, the NIPPV group had lower incidences of bradycardia (6.3% vs. 30.0%), decreased oxygen saturation (12.5% vs. 40.0%) and apnea (6.3% vs. 30.0%) during MIST ( P<0.05). No significant difference existed in the incidence of regurgitation ( P>0.05). PaCO 2 at 2 h after MIST [40.1(38.2,43.8)mmHg vs. 48.3(44.1,50.0)mmHg], the incidences of intubation within 72 h (6.3% vs. 30.0%), two or more doses of PS (6.3% vs. 30.0%)and frequent apnea (6.3% vs. 30.0%) in NIPPV group were lower than NCPAP group ( P<0.05). No significant differences existed between the two groups on the following items: the durations of invasive ventilation, non-invasive ventilation, oxygen therapy, the incidences of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage (≥Ⅲ), periventricular leukomalacia, retinopathy of prematurity (≥Ⅱ), necrotizing enterocolitis (≥Ⅱb), nasal injury, air leak and death ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Combining NIPPV and MIST can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions during PS administration without increasing respiratory support duration and common complications in preterm infants. It is recommended for clinical use.

Effects of neferine on invasion and migration of non-small cell lung cancer H1299 cells via inhibiting ROCK pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To observe the inhibitory effect of neferine(Nef)on the migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)H1299 cells by blocking ROCK pathway.Methods H1299 cells were taken for in vitro culture, and treated with different concentrations of Nef.H1299 cell viability was measured by CCK-8 method to determine the dose of the experimental group.The migration and invasion abilities of H1299 cells were detected by cell scratch test and Transwell chamber test.The expression of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 secreted from lung cancer cells was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The protein level of ROCK1 in H1299 cells was tested by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot; the binding mode and affinity between Nef and ROCK1 were stimulated by AutoDock semi flexible docking method.Results The doses of Nef in the experimental group were determined as 4, 6 and 10 μmol·L-1.These three concentrations of Nef could inhibit the migration and invasion of H1299 lung cancer cells to a certain degree in a dose-dependent manner.At the same time, Nef reduced the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and ROCK1 proteins related to the migration and invasion of the cancer cells.In addition, the affinity of Nef to ROCK1 was significantly higher than that of fasudil, an inhibitor of ROCK, and the binding force was stronger to A-chain of ROCK1.Conclusions As a potential natural anticancer compound, Nef can inhibit the migration and invasion of NSCLC by reducing the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and ROCK1 proteins related to the migration and invasion of the cancer cells.

doxorubicin induces chronic heart failure in rats by regulating mitochondrial dynamics via drp1/fundc1 pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the damage degree of doxorubicin hydrochloride( DOX )on cardiac function in rats, and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Experiment 1: SD rats( n=48 )were randomly divided into control group( normal saline ), DOX 1 group( DOX cumulative dose 12 mg·kg-1 ;intraperitoneal injection ), DOX 2 group( 15 mg·kg-1 ;)and DOX 3 group( 18 mg·kg-1 ;). Cardiac structure and cardiac function were detected by echocardiography. B-type natriuretic peptide( BNP )was detected by ELISA. The morphological changes of myocardium were observed by Hematoxylin-eosin( HE )staining. The optimal dose group( DOX 2 group )was selected comprehensively. Experiment 2: SD rats( n=36 )were randomly divided into control group( normal saline ), DOX 2 group(15 mg·kg-1)and DOX 2+Mdivi-1 group( 15 mg·kg-1+daily abdominal injection of Mdivi-1(1 mg ·kg-1 ;)). Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of myocardial mitochondrial dynamics. Results Compared with the control group, hearts in DOX groups were enlarged and the heart function was reduced. Under the microscope, hypertrophy of cardiac cells and loose arrangement of cardiac fibers were observed in DOX group, and the higher the cumulative dose of DOX in rats, the more severe the degree of heart failure and the higher the mortality rate of rats. Compared with control group, the expression of mitochondrial dynamin-related protein 1( DRP1 )and related signaling pathway protein FUN14 domain containing 1( FUNDC1 )in DOX 2 group increased. The expression of optic atrophy 1( OPA1 )decreased, the expression of FUNDC1 and DRP1 protein decreased, and the expression of OPA1 protein was enhanced after the use of mitochondrial dynamics inhibitor(Mdivi-1). Conclusions DOX can cause chronic heart failure, and the mechanism may be related to DRP1/FUNDC1 mediated mitochondrial fission and fusion.

Preliminary study of ssDNA aptamer cytotoxicity on RhD+ red blood cells / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of ssDNA aptamer of RhD blood group antigen on erythrocyte toxicity. 【Methods】 Two full-length ssDNA aptamers(82 bp) of RhD blood group antigen were obtained by gene synthesis.Five samples of whole blood with EDTA anticoagulant were collected to prepare red blood cell suspensions (4×107/mL), which were split into 10 tubes(100 μL/tube), corresponding to 5 experimental groups and 5 controls.Two monospecific full-length ssDNA sequences (100 pmol/μL, 5μL each) were added into the experimental group, while the same amount of normal saline into the control.After treatment, the experimental group and the control were incubated for 60 min at 37℃.After washing, they were suspended in LISS solution and stored at 4℃.The experimental group and the control were set according to different time point during storage (1 h, 1 d, 3 d, 10 d and 17 d), with 5 tubes in each group.For erythrocytes in LISS suspension at different storage time, Annexin V labeled with FITC was used as a probe to label the phosphatidylserine (PS) content and Fluo-4 to label Ca2+ .The eversion of PS and the change of Ca2+ concentration in red blood cells in LISS suspensions were determined by flow cytometry. 【Results】 After incubation, all groups were examined under the light microscope.No agglutination occurred in the experimental group, while agglutination occurred in the control.Flow cytometry showed that the number of Annexin V-FITC staining cells of suspended erythrocytes at the same storage time-point was similar between the experimental group and the control, with no significant differences.In the experimental group, apoptosis rate of Annexin V cells at 10-day storage(6.06±1.38) was significantly higher than that at 1-hour storage(P<0.05), so as at 17-day storage(7.77±1.23) than 1-hour, 1-day and 3-day storage(P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of Fluo-4 AM cell in suspended RBCs at the same storage time-point was similar between the two groups(P>0.05). In the experimental group, the apoptosis rate of Fluo-4 AM cell at the 3-day, 10-day and 17-day storage was 20.84±4.16, 22.35±3.37 and 27.06±2.81, respectively(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 ssDNA aptamer was not found to have any cytotoxic effects on red blood cells, and RhD ssDNA aptamer may be used as a material for the detection and preparation of universal blood.

Effects on extravascular lung water of lung protective ventilation strategy applied on piglets with acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by paraquat / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To study the effects on extravascular lung water of lung protective ventilation strategy applying on piglets with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by paraquat (PQ) under pulse indicating continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) monitoring. Methods: The piglets models with ARDS induced by PQ were established in June 2020 and all of them were received mechanical ventilation and divided into three groups according to tidal volume (V(T)) : small V(T) group (6 ml/kg) , middle V(T) group (10 ml/kg) and large V(T) group (15 ml/kg) , there were 5 piglets in each group. The positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) were all setup on 10 cmH(2)O. The indexes such as arterial blood gas analysis, oxygenation index (OI) , extravascular lung water index (ELWI) and pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) were monitored at time of before the model was established (baseline) , time of the model was established (t(0)) and 2 h (t(2)) , 4 h (t(4)) , 6 h (t(6)) after mechanical ventilation. Lung tissue were punctured at time of baseline, t(0) and t(6) to be stained by Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and pulmonary pathology were observed under light microscopy. Results: The heart rate (HR) , mean arterial pressure (MAP) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO(2)) of all groups were higher than the base value while the pH values, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO(2)) and OI were lower than the base value when the models were established (P<0.05) . After mechanical ventilation, the HR and MAP values of all groups at t(2), t(4) and t(6) were lower than t(0) while the PaCO(2) of t(4) and t(6) were all higher than t(0), the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) . The PaO(2) and OI of all groups showed a trend of rising at first and then decreasing after mechanical ventilation. The MAP, PaO(2), PaCO(2) and OI of the middle V(T) group and large V(T) group were apparently lower than that of the small V(T) group at t(2), t(4) and t(6) (P<0.05) . The ELWI and PVPI at t(0) of all groups were higher than that of baseline (P<0.05) . The ELWI of the small V(T) group at t(6) were lower than t(0) of the same group and t(6) of the middle V(T) group and large V(T) group (P<0.05) . HE staining showed congestion and edema of alveolar tissue, swelling of capillaries, exudation of red blood cells and widening of alveolar septum in piglets after successful modeling. And further widening of alveolar septum and rupture of alveolar septum could be seen in the lung tissues of each group at t(6), and the injury was the slightest in the small V(T) group. Conclusion: The lung protective ventilation strategy can alleviate the extravascular lung water and ARDS induced by PQ and improve oxygenation.

Mechanism of Modified Si Junzitang on Neuronal Anti-anoikis of Cells in Rats with Cerebral Ischemia Through Fibulin-5 and p-Akt / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of modified Si Junzitang on the expression of fibrous protein-5（Fibulin-5）， phosphorylated protein kinase B（p-Akt ）in hippocampus of rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury and the anoikis of nerve cells. Method:The 60 male SD rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into sham operation group， model group， Edaravone group （3.2 mg·kg-1）and modified Si Junzitang high， medium and low-dose groups（19.08，9.54，4.77 g·kg-1）.The middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） model was established by suture method，the rats were killed 7 days later，neurological deficit score was evaluated before the death，histopathological observation was performed by hematoxylin eosin staining， apoptosis index of nerve cells was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling（TUNEL）staining， the expression of Fibulin-5， p-Akt and protein in ischemic hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Result:The neurological deficit score showed that，compared with the sham operation group， the neurological deficit score of the model group was significantly increased （P<0.01）， compared with model group， the neurological deficit score of Edaravone group，the high， medium， low dose groups of modified Si Junzitang were decreased （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Immunohistochemical results showed that，compared with the sham operation group， the expression of Fibulin-5， p-Akt protein and the apoptosis index of nerve cells in the model group were significantly increased （P<0.05，P<0.01）， compared with model group， the protein expressions of Fibulin-5 and p-Akt in Edaravone group， high， medium and low-dose groups of modified Si Junzitang were significantly increased （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and the apoptosis index of nerve cells was obvious，there was a significant decrease （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Western blot results showed that，compared with the sham operation group， the relative expression of Fibulin-5 and p-Akt protein in the model group was significantly down-regulated （P<0.01）， compared with model group， the protein expressions of Fibulin-5 and p-Akt in the Edaravone group， the high， medium and low-dose groups of modified Si Junzitang were significantly up-regulated （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Conclusion:The modified Si Junzitang may stabilize the extracellular matrix （ECM） Fibulin-5， increase the adhesion of ECM to cells and promote the expression of p-Akt protein， thus inhibiting neuronal apoptosis and protecting cerebral ischemia injury.

Metabonomics: A Useful Tool to Reveal Underlying Relationships between Altered Chinese Medicine Syndromes and Ultrafiltration in Treatment of Heart Failure / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To reveal the underlying relationships between Chinese medicine (CM) syndromes and ultrafiltration (UF) in the treatment of heart failure based on a metabonomic approach.@*METHODS@#Seventeen acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) patients were enrolled, and their CM syndromes before and after UF were collected. In addition, their venous plasma collected before and after UF was used for liquid chromatographmass spectrometer-based metabonomic analysis. Both reversed phase liquid chromatography and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography were used to analyze the plasma samples. Partial least-squares to latent structure-discriminant analyses were used for data analysis.@*RESULTS@#An obvious difference was observed pre- and post-treatment. A total of 17 potential biomarkers associating with alterd syndromes with UF including hypoxanthine, 1-methylhistidine, phytosphingosine, O-decanoyl-R-carnitine, etc. were screened out, showing a significant change after UF. The major adjusted metabolic pathways were purine metabolism, histidine metabolism, leucine and isoleucine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, carnitine shuttle, sphingolipid metabolism and phospholipid metabolism.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Metabonomic approach is a useful tool to identify potential biomarkers of altered syndromes link to UF and could provide a theoretical basis for further research on the therapeutic mechanism of UF combined with CM.

Analysis on tissue-related biomarkers in patients with acute aortic dissection / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical implication of tissue-related biomarkers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Ten Stanford Type A AAD patients, who were diagnosed and surgically treated in the Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, from December 2018 to August 2019, were selected as the case group. Meanwhile, 10 patients with atherosclerotic heart disease, who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), were selected as control group. The ascending aorta tissue specimens from patients of the two groups were collected during the operation. Four-dimensional non-standard quantitative proteomics technology (4D-LFQ) was used to detect the protein profile of ascending aorta tissue specimens of the two groups and to screen out differentially expressed proteins and analyze their biological functions. Precise quantification of the selected target proteins was achieved by parallel response monitoring (PRM). Results: A total of 3 985 proteins were identified by 4D-LFQ technology, among which 3 350 proteins could be quantified. There were 39 proteins were significantly upregulated and 47 proteins were significantly downregulated in AAD group. The results of biological function analysis showed that most of the differentially expressed proteins were located in the extracellular, and their functions were mainly involved in cell migration and proliferation, inflammatory cell activation, cell contraction, and muscle organ development. The 15 selected proteins underwent precise quantification by PRM, and the results showed that integrin α-Ⅱb (ITGA2B), integrin α-M (ITGAM), integrin β-2 (ITGB2), integrin β-3 (ITGB3) were significantly upregulated in the ascending aorta tissue of AAD patients. Conclusion: ITGA2B, ITGAM, ITGB2, and ITGB3 are highly expressed in aortic tissues of patients with AAD, which may be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of AAD patients.

Efficacy of Dairy Free Diet and 6-Food Elimination Diet as Initial Therapy for Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Retrospective Single-Center Study / 대한소아소화기영양학회지

12 weeks) were 81.8%, 50.0%, and 55.1% for DFD, and 68.8%, 50.0%, and 40.0% for SFED. Response based on age ( 12 years) were 59.3%, 42.9%, and 67.5% for DFD, and 36.4%, 58.8%, and 72.7% for SFED. In patients treated with DFD, concomitant proton pump inhibitor (PPI) administration resulted in improved outcomes (p=0.0177). Bivariate regression analysis showed that PPI with diet is the only predictor of response (p=0.0491), however, there were no significant predictors on multiple regression analysis.CONCLUSION: DFD and SFED are effective first line therapies for EoE. DFD should be tried first before extensive elimination diets. Concomitant therapy with PPI's may be helpful.

Predictive value of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio on myocardial injury in severe COVID-19 patients / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To explore the predictive value of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on myocardial injury in severe COVID-19 patients. Methods: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, we collected and analyzed data form 133 severe COVID-19 patients admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (Eastern District) from January 30 to February 18, 2020. Patients were divided into myocardial injury group (n=29) and non-myocardial injury group (n=104) according the presence or absence of myocardial injury. The general information of patients was collected by electronic medical record database system. All patients were followed up for 30 days, the organ injury and/or dysfunction were monitored, the in-hospital death was compared between the two groups, and the disease progression was reevaluated and classified at 14 days after initial hospitalization. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors of myocardial injury in severe COVID-19 patients. The ROC of NLR was calculated, and the AUC was determined to estimate the optimal cut-off value of NLR for predicting myocardial injury in severe cases of COVID-19. Results: There was statistical significance in age, respiratory frequency, systolic blood pressure, symptoms of dyspnea, previous chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease history, white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, C-reactive protein, platelet counting, aspartate transaminase, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, urea, estimated glomerular filtration rate, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, D-dimer, CD3+, CD4+, partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of CO2, blood oxygen saturation, other organ injury, clinical outcome and prognosis between patients with myocardial injury and without myocardial injury (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NLR was a risk factor for myocardial injury (OR=1.066，95%CI 1.021-1.111，P=0.033). ROC curve showed that NLR predicting AUC of myocardial injury in severe COVID-19 patients was 0.774 (95%CI 0.694-0.842), the optimal cut-off value of NLR was 5.768, with a sensitivity of 82.8%, and specificity of 69.5%. Conclusion: NLR may be used to predict myocardial injury in severe COVID-19 patients.

CircHECTD1 up-regulates mucin 1 expression to accelerate hepatocellular carcinoma development by targeting microRNA-485-5p via a competing endogenous RNA mechanism / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Non-coding RNAs have attracted considerable attention for their vital role in cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of non-coding RNAs on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and reveal their regulatory mechanism in the pathophysiological process.@*METHODS@#We measured the expression of mucin 1 (MUC1) and miR-485-5p in tissues from 15 HCC patients and in liver cancer cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, screened for aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) by miRNA microarrays. Bioinformatics tools were used to find the miRNA and circular RNA that regulated MUC1, which were validated by RNA immunoprecipitation assay and luciferase reporter assay. Cell counting kit-8, Transwell assays, and flow cytometry were used to conduct functional experiments. Proteins were examined by western blot and immunohistochemical staining assays. Significant differences between groups were estimated using the one-way analysis of variance. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.@*RESULTS@#MUC1 was overexpressed in HCC tissues compared with that in paratumor tissues (normal vs. tumor, 1.007 ± 0.215 vs. 75.213 ± 18.403, t = 18.401, P < 0.001) while miR-485-5p was down-regulated (normal vs. tumor, 4.894 ± 0.684 vs. 1.586 ± 0.398, t = 16.191, P < 0.001). Inhibition of miR-485-5p promoted cell proliferation (73.33% ± 5.13% vs. 41.33% ± 3.51%, t = 8.913, P < 0.001), migration (102 ± 8 cells vs. 46 ± 8 cells, t = 8.681, P < 0.001), invasion (59 ± 7 cells vs. 28 ± 2 cells, t = 8.034, P < 0.01), and suppressed apoptosis (22.64% ± 6.97% vs. 36.33% ± 3.96%, t = 2.958, P < 0.05) of HepG2 cells with which MUC1 is knocked down. Mechanically, miR-485-5p binds to MUC1, while circHECTD1 binds to miR-485-5p, resulting in the indirect up-regulation of the MUC1 level.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Our findings reveal that circHECTD1 facilitates HCC progression by sponging miR-485-5p to up-regulate MUC1.

Construction of hidden curriculum in the academic experience inheritance of distinguished TCM veteran doctors / 中国针灸

To discuss the advantages and necessity of hidden curriculum construction in the academic experience inheritance of distinguished TCM veteran doctors by analyzing the characteristics of the hidden curriculum and the academic experience inheritance of distinguished TCM veteran doctors, and put forward viewpoints and pathways of promoting academic experience inheritance of distinguished TCM veteran doctors through the construction of hidden curriculum，such as optimal design of teaching environment，reasonable planning of teaching content and development of teaching information model，to effectively improve student cultivation quality and achieve the TCM talent cultivation goal which clinical diagnosis and treatment skills and clinical innovation ability are the core.

Survey of Anopheles vectors in Nanyang City from 2005 to 2017 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the malaria vectors in Nanyang City. Methods Two townships were selected as malaria vector surveillance sites in Nanyang City from 2005 to 2017, including Mazhenfu Township in Tanghe County and Huaiyuan Township in Tongbai County, and the malaria vectors were investigated using the semi-overnight human baiting trapping method and mosquito trapping in nets. Results The mean density of Anopheles sinensis was 0.65 to 22.30 mosquitos/(person · hour) in the two surveillance sites in Nanyang City using the human baiting trapping method from 2005 to 2017, and the peak density was detected in June and July. An. anthropophagus was captured only in Tongbai County during the period between 2008 and 2011, with a mean density of 0.03 to 1.10 mosquitos/(person · hour). The mean density of An. sinensis was 0.08 to 0.24 mosquitos/(net · night) using the mosquito trapping in nets from 2005 to 2011, and the peak density was detected in July and August, while few An. anthropophagus captured only in Tongbai County, with a mean density of 0.01 to 0.02 mosquitos/(net · night). Conclusions There are malaria vectors in Nanyang City, including An. sinensis and An. anthropophagus, and An. sinensis is the dominant mosquito species.

Introduction to Guidelines for Salt Reduction in Chinese Food Industry / 中华预防医学杂志

Excessive salt intake is an important risk factor of diseases such as hypertension, stroke, and stomach cancer. China is one of countries with high salt intake in the world. Recently, the intake of sodium from pre-packaged foods in China has been increasing, and the situation of salt control is rigorous. Based on the summary of the domestic and international experience of salt reduction, the "Guidelines for Salt Reduction in Chinese Food Industry" presents the basic principles, targets at different stages within various categories, technical routes, steps and measures, and social environment co-construction of salt reduction in Chinese food industry. This article focuses on the background, basis, process, key content and promotion of the guideline. The implementation of this guideline will contribute to the vigorous advancement of salt reduction action in Chinese food industry.

Risk factors of purulent meningitis complicated with subdural effusion in infants and young children / 中国实用儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of purulent meningitis complicated with subdural effusion in infants and young children. METHODS: The clinical data of the infants and young children who were diagnosed with purulent meningitis in PICU of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2014 to December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.All of them were divided into 2 groups according to whether there was complication of subdural effusion. The statistical data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software. RESULTS: There were significant differences in hemoglobin,C reactive protein and protein in cerebrospinal fluid between control group and subdural effusion group(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that hemoglobin(OR=0.940,95%CI:0.899—0.998),C reactive protein(OR=1.015,95%CI:1.004—1.028)and protein in cerebrospinal fluid(OR=2.490,95%CI:1.151—6.315)were independent risk factors for purulent meningitis complicated with subdural effusion(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Infants and young children diagnosed with purulent meningitis are with lower hemoglobin. Higher C reactive protein and higher protein in cerebrospinal fluid are likely to be complicated with subdural effusion.

An evaluation of the risk factors for orchidism and the efficacy of intensive corticosteroids therapy for the complicating testicular adrenal rest tumors in the patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency during the childhood and pubescent stages / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To explore the risk factors for orchidism and the curative efficacy of intensive corticosteroids therapy for the testicular adrenal rest tumors ( TART ) in the patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency ( 21OHD) during childhood and pubescent periods. Methods A total 12 cases (27 case-times) with TART were adopted in intensive corticosteroids therapy, 7 cases (7case-times) as control group without intensive therapy. Retrospective analysis following parameters:( 1) The testicular volume and the echogenic characteristics of TART by B-mode ultrasound. ( 2 ) Serum levels of FSH, LH, testosterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstendion, and inhibin-B were measured. ( 3 ) Orchidism was defined by one of following events:serum level of inhibin-B≤3rd％ for norm, and/or serum level of testosterone<1. 47 ng/ml for the individual which is already in TannerⅣstage. ( 4) The relationship between regression of TART and intensive therapy project. Results The prevalence of TART in 21-OHD was 28.18％during 2-18 years old, and the youngest age with TART was 2. 48 year of old. The regression rate of TART by intensive therapy was higher than that of the control significantly, 20/30 and 1/11(tumor-times) respectively(P=0.004). When the dose of dexamethasone≥30％ of total doses of corticosteroids, the regression rate of TART was higher than those less than 30％ ones, or adopted hydrocortisone alone, were both respectively 16/20 and 4/10(P=0.045). The risk factors for orchidism related to early diagnosis:The TARTs stages in diagnosis (≥stages III;P=0.003) , the tumor in size, hyperechogenicity in B ultrasound of the tumors ( P = 0. 003 ) . Inhibin-B is the earliest displayed biochemical warker for orchidism. Conclusions The TART could regress when got early diagnosis and adopted intensive corticosteroids therapy on time. Delayed diagnosis was the main risk factor for orchidism. For early diagnosis of TART, we suggest to conduct the scrotal ultrasound regularly started from 2 years of age.

Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine mixed with Ropivacaine for adductor canal block combined with general anesthesia in patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Dexmedetomidine mixed with Ropivacaine for adductor canal block combined with general anesthesia in patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery. Methods Ninety patients underwent elective unilateral arthroscopic knee surgery were randomly divided into three groups (n = 30 each): general anesthesia group (Group G), general anesthesia + Ropivacaine for adductor canal block group (Group G+R) and general anesthesia + Dexmedetomidine mixed with Ropivacaine for adductor canal block group (Group G+DR). After the end of anesthesia induction, ultrasound-guided adductor canal block was performed in G+R and G+DR groups. In G+R and G+DR groups, 20 ml of 0.375% Ropivacaine and 20 ml of 0.375% Ropivacaine mixed with 0.6 μg/kg Dexmedetomidine were injected, respectively. After the induction of general anesthesia, the i-gel laryngeal mask airway was inserted, and the patients were mechanically ventilated in the two groups. Anesthesia was maintained with Remifentanil 0.15 μg/(kg?min) and Propofol adjusted to maintain BIS between 45 and 55. The time for recovery of spontaneous breathing, emergence time, and time for removal of LMA were recorded. The VAS scores at rest, during active functional exercise (AFE) and continuous passive movement (CPM) were recorded at the following points: 1 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery. And quadriceps strength was evaluated at the following points: preoperative evaluation, 1 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery. The total consumption of rescue analgesics, complications associated with adductor canal block, and occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events, over-sedation and postoperative nausea and vomiting were also recorded. Results Compared with Group G and Group G+R, the time for recovery of spontaneous breathing, emergence time, and time for removal of LMA were significantly shorter (P < 0.01). Compared with Group G, the VAS scores at rest, during AFE and CPM at 1 h and 4 h after surgery and the total consumption of Flurbiprofen axetil in Group G+R, and the VAS scores at rest, during AFE and CPM at 1 h, 4 h, 8 h and 12 h after surgery and the total consumption of Flurbiprofen axetil in Group G+DR were lower (all P < 0.05). Compared with Group G+R, the VAS scores at rest, during AFE and CPM at 8 h and 12 h after surgery and the total consumption of Flurbiprofen axetil in Group G+DR were lower (P < 0.01). No significant differences were seen among three groups in the terms of quadriceps strength, Dezocine consumption and adverse reactions (P > 0.05). Conclusion 0.6 μg/kg Dexmedetomidine mixed with 0.375% Ropivacaine 20 ml can provide faster recovery from anesthesia and effectively improve postoperative analgesia without inducing obvious adverse reactions when used for adductor canal block combined with general anesthesia in patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery.