Cardiac rehabilitation referral service (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To summarize the cardiac rehabilitation referral system.Methods The literatures about the construction of cardiac rehabilitation referral systems were retrieved from the databases of CNKI, Wanfang Date, PubMed and Web of Science, and cardiac rehabilitation websites.Results For some foreign countries, the referrals of cardiac rehabilitation mainly based on electronic medical record management system, internet platform, chronic care model, and hospitals and communities. For China, referral system is trying to build based on the medical conjoined system.Conclusion Referral, as the first step, plays an important role in participating in cardiac rehabilitation for patients. The cardiac rehabilitation referral system needs to be improved in China, referred the ways of developed countries.

Relationships Among Character Strengths, Self-efficacy, Social Support, Depression, and Psychological Well-being of Hospital Nurses

Purpose@#From the perspective of positive psychology, our study aimed to explore depressive symptomsand psychological well-being among Chinese nurses, as well as analyze the impacts of characterstrengths, self-efficacy and social support on the mental health of nurses. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional and descriptive design using five self-reported questionnaires was used toinvestigate a cohort of 4238 nurses during 2018. A structural equation modeling analysis was used toverify a hypothetical model linking character strengths, self-efficacy, social support, depressive symptoms,and psychological well-being. @*Results@#The prevalence of depression among this cohort of Chinese nurses was 58.1%. The mean scoresfor caring, inquisitiveness, and self-control were 19.93 (SD = 2.82), 15.94 (SD = 3.00), and 16.34(SD = 2.95), respectively. The hypothesized model was a good fit of the data (x2/df = 1.77, p = .183, rootmean square error of approximation = 0.04, goodness of fit index = 1.00, comparative fit index = 1.00,TuckereLewis index = 1.00). Except for the path from self-control to depression, the other hypotheticalpaths investigated were statistically significant. @*Conclusion@#Character strengths were directly and positively associated with psychological well-being.Inquisitiveness was the strongest direct protective factor for depression. In addition, characterstrengths indirectly alleviated depression and increased psychological well-being through mediatingvariables of social support and self-efficacy. This study should alert nurse managers that more attentionshould be paid to the character strengths and mental health of nurses. This study provides evidence forinterventions based on character strengths as a management strategy to support the mental health ofnurses.

Relationships Among Character Strengths, Self-efficacy, Social Support, Depression, and Psychological Well-being of Hospital Nurses

Purpose@#From the perspective of positive psychology, our study aimed to explore depressive symptomsand psychological well-being among Chinese nurses, as well as analyze the impacts of characterstrengths, self-efficacy and social support on the mental health of nurses. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional and descriptive design using five self-reported questionnaires was used toinvestigate a cohort of 4238 nurses during 2018. A structural equation modeling analysis was used toverify a hypothetical model linking character strengths, self-efficacy, social support, depressive symptoms,and psychological well-being. @*Results@#The prevalence of depression among this cohort of Chinese nurses was 58.1%. The mean scoresfor caring, inquisitiveness, and self-control were 19.93 (SD = 2.82), 15.94 (SD = 3.00), and 16.34(SD = 2.95), respectively. The hypothesized model was a good fit of the data (x2/df = 1.77, p = .183, rootmean square error of approximation = 0.04, goodness of fit index = 1.00, comparative fit index = 1.00,TuckereLewis index = 1.00). Except for the path from self-control to depression, the other hypotheticalpaths investigated were statistically significant. @*Conclusion@#Character strengths were directly and positively associated with psychological well-being.Inquisitiveness was the strongest direct protective factor for depression. In addition, characterstrengths indirectly alleviated depression and increased psychological well-being through mediatingvariables of social support and self-efficacy. This study should alert nurse managers that more attentionshould be paid to the character strengths and mental health of nurses. This study provides evidence forinterventions based on character strengths as a management strategy to support the mental health ofnurses.

Translation,revision and assessment of reliability and validity of the Individualized Care Scale-Patient Version / 中华护理杂志

Objective To translate and revise the Individualized Care Scale-Patient Version(ICS-P) into Chinese,then to assess the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Individualized Care Scale-Patient Version (C-ICS-P).Methods Standard forward-back translation techniques were used in the translation of the ICS-P according to the Brislin translation model.Cross-cultural revision of the translated ICS-P was carried out through group discussion and pretesting.Totally 223 patients were recruited through convenience sampling method from a tertiary hospital in Changsha and investigated using general information questionnaire and the C-ICS-P,and its reliability and validity were assessed.Results The C-ICS-P contained two subscales,and both C-ICS-P-A and C-ICS-P-B contained 3 factors explaining 61.330％ and 65.263％ of the total variance.The dimensions of C-ICS-P-A were clinical characteristics (6 items),personal life characteristics (4 items) and participation willingness (5 items);the dimensions of C-ICS-P-B were clinical care (6 items),personal life care (4 items) and decisional control over care (5 items).The Cronbach's α coefficients of C-ICS-P-A and its dimensions were 0.897,and 0.730～0.774;the Cronbach's α coefficients of C-ICS-P-B and its dimensions were 0.909,and 0.688～0.754.Split-half reliability was 0.856 for C-ICS-P-A and 0.688～0.754 for its dimensions;split-half reliability was 0.889 for C-ICS-P-B and 0.750～0.758 for its dimensions.Analysis of content validity of the C-ICS-P indicated that I-CVI was at least 0.83,S-CVI was 0.943.Conclusion The reliability and validity of C-ICS-P are satisfactory and well meet the requirements of psychological measurement,indicating C-ICS-P is a reliable and valid instrument in the context of Chinese culture.

Modification and evaluation of assessment of medication literacy / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To translate and revise the Medication Literacy Assessment in English (MedLitRxSE-English) and evaluate its validity and reliability.
 Methods: We introduced MedLitRxSE-English from abroad. According to the principles of Brislin and culture adjustment, we revised it as a Chinese edition. Using random sampling method, from Oct, 2014 to Jan, 2015, 461 non-hospitalized patients from the outpatient departments of the top three hospitals in Changsha city were investigated. The reliability and validity of the scale was tested.
 Results: The test-retest reliability of the Chinese version for medication literacy scale was 0.885; the split reliability was 0.840; K-R was 0.820; the correlations between the assessment of medication literacy and the corresponding items were 0.427-0.587; the confirmatory factor analysis revealed overall good fit. Root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), χ2/df, goodness of fit index (GFI) and comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.08, 3.06, 0.91 and 0.94, respectively. 
 Conclusion: The Chinese version for the assessment of medication literacy is in good reliability and validity, and it can be used to evaluate the medication literacy in our country.

Risk factors and intervention strategies for the elementary and middle school students with allergic rhinitis in Changsha / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the risk factors for allergic rhinitis and provide the scientific basis for disease control and intervention through investigation of the elementary and middle school students with allergic rhinitis in Changsha.@*METHODS@#From January to April 2012, we randomly enrolled the elementary and middle school students aged at 10-17 years old in Changsha. We explored the risk factors for allergic rhinitis by using stratified and cluster sampling survey, questionnaire investigation, physical examination, skin pricking needling experiment and statistical analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 814 students were investigated in cluster sampling survey. The result of the incidence of allergic individual was 26.3% and the prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 17.2%. Analysis of Visual Analog Scale Questionnaire (VAS) showed that allergic rhinitis exerted significant effect on student's character, memory, sleep quality, etc.@*CONCLUSION@#The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in the elementary and middle school students aged in Changsha is 17%-20%. The incidence and development is related to environment, genetic and living habits, which affects people's character, memory and sleep quality significantly.

Management of postoperative complications of basicranial tumor resection under nasal endoscopy / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore medical and nursing management of postoperative complications of basicranial tumor resection through nasal endoscopy.@*METHOD@#Retrospective analysis was carried out in 178 patients with skull base tumors who underwent nasal endoscopic resection of basicranial tumors under general anesthesia, and controlled hypotension was conducted during the surgery. Different surgical approaches were applied in terms of anatomical regions which the tumor involved.@*RESULT@#Postoperative complications occurred in 87 of 178 patients, including cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, intracranial infections, diabetes insipidus, etc. Eighty-five cases with complications recovered through proper medical and nursing care, except for 2 cases of death.@*CONCLUSION@#Because there is a higher risk for nasal endoscopic basicranial procedure, doctors and nurses are required to master multidisciplinary skills and experiences. Careful and rigorous nursing care of postoperative complications is quite important for successful management of basicranial operative patients.

Evaluation of quality-of-life and therapeutic effects of endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhino-sinusitis using the SNOT-20 questionnaire / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the therapeutic effects of endoscopic sinus surgery on symptoms and quality of life of patients with chronic rhino-sinusitis (CRS).@*METHODS@#A survey of symptoms and quality of life was conducted using Sino-nasal Outcome Test-20 (SNOT-20) questionnaire with 76 patients before and after endoscopic sinus surgery. The overall effect of endoscopic sinus surgery on CRS was subjectively self-evaluated by patient.@*RESULTS@#After 6 months following-up, the total SNOT-20 score of patients was significantly decreased from the baseline (P<0.001). The most important 5-items were found to be "thick nasal discharge", "need to blow nose", "dizziness", "frontal pain", and "lack of a good sleep". Other items, related to sleep and emotion, were also significantly improved: the proportion of responses of "much improved", "improved" and "no-improved" were 56.3%, 33.3%, 10.4%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Endoscopic sinus surgery demonstrated positive effects on symptoms and quality of life of CRS patients.

Aeroallergen spectrum of patients with child allergic rhinitis in Changsha area of China / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate aeroallergen spectrum and allergy positive rates of patients with child allergic rhinitis and analyze its related factors.@*METHOD@#Skin prick test was carried out in 562 cases with child allergic rhinitis using 13 inhaled allergens, and detailed history was collected in all cases.@*RESULT@#Four hundred and fifty-seven (81.3%) of 562 cases showed positive reaction to at least one allergen out of 13 allergens. The most common allergens found in patients was Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and positive reaction was 93.1% in child allergic rhinitis, followed by tropical mite, Periplaneta americana, Blattella germanica and dog hair. The pollen allergen, most common in American and European, was pretty rare in this study. The prevalence of child allergic rhinitis was significantly higher in urban than in rural (P<0.01). There was no adverse effect appeared in children with allergic rhinitis underwent skin prick test.@*CONCLUSION@#The major allergen of allergic rhinitis is mite for child allergic rhinitis, and relates to housing enviroment. Most of patients with child allergic rhinitis can be treated by the mite specific immunotherapy. The skin prick test is a safe technique for diagnosis of children with allergic rhinitis.