Práticas extensionistas sob a perspectiva teórica das universidades promotoras da saúde / Prácticas de extensión desde la perspectiva teórica de las universidades promotoras de salud / Extension practices from the theoretical perspective of health-promoting universities

Objetivo:analisar relações existentes entre proposta conceitual do movimento das Universidades Promotoras da Saúde e projetos de extensão de uma universidade, sob perspectiva de uma análise documental. Método:estudo de caso documental com análise qualitativa descritiva realizado com base nos documentos de registros extensionistas de uma universidade pública do estado do Rio de Janeiro. A análise deste estudo teve como aporte teórico a proposta conceitual do movimento das Universidades Promotoras da Saúde. Resultados:identificaram-se 11 projetos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e, foram distribuídos em cinco categorias. Conclusão:é necessário vincular a promoção da saúde ao projeto político pedagógico da Universidade, possibilitando a valorização das experiências formativas, no âmbito das histórias de vida dos sujeitos e das suas vivências comunitárias e no âmbito da política institucional. Entretanto, tais iniciativas ainda são escassas, gerando um hiato entre expectativa e realidade.

Objective:to analyze existing relationships between the conceptual proposal of the health promoting universities movement and university extension projects, from the perspective of a documental analysis. Method:documental case study with descriptive qualitative analysis based on records documents from a public university in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The analysis of this study had as theoretical contribution the conceptual proposal of the Health Promoting Universities movement. Results: 11projects thatmet the inclusion criteria were identified and distributed into five categories. Conclusion:it is necessary to link health promotion to the University's political pedagogical project, enabling the valorization of formative experiences, within the scope of the subjects' life stories, their community experiences and within the scope of institutional policy. However, such initiatives are still scarce, creating a gap between expectations and reality.

Objetivo:analizar relaciones existentes entre propuesta conceptual del movimiento Universidades Promotoras de Salud y los proyectos de extensión de una universidad, desde la perspectiva de un análisis documental. Método:estudio de caso documental con análisis cualitativo descriptivo basado en registros extensión de una universidad pública del estado de Río de Janeiro. El análisis de este estudio tuvo como soporte teórico del movimiento de Universidades Promotoras de Salud. Resultados:se identificaron once proyectos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y se distribuyeron en cinco categorías. Conclusión:es necesario vincular la promoción de la salud al proyecto político pedagógico de la Universidad, posibilitando la valorización de las experiencias formativas, en el ámbito de las historias de vida de los sujetos y de sus experiencias comunitarias y en elámbito de la política institucional. Sin embargo, tales iniciativas aún son escasas, creando una brecha entre las expectativas y la realidad.

Therapeutic effect evaluation of leonurine,polygonatum polysaccharide and deoxynojirimycin in combination on antithrombosis and hypoglycaemia / 中国药理学通报

Aim To evaluate the efficacy of the combination of leonurine(SCM),polygonatum polysaccharide(PSP)and deoxynojirimycin(DNJ)in hypoglycemic and antithrombotic aspects by establishing and using zebrafish type II diabetes combined with thrombosis model. Methods On the basis of the zebrafish type II diabetes model established by streptozotocin,phenylhydrazine(PH),arachidonic acid(AA)and ponatinib(PT)were used respectively to establish thrombosis models,which were divided into control group,model group,metformin+aspirin group,and the high,medium and low concentration groups of the combination drugs. After drug intervention in the experimental group,the thrombosis of tail vein was observed. Kit was used to determine the sugar content of juvenile fish tissues in each group. Quantitative analysis of cardiac erythrocytes by o-dianisidine staining method was used to calculate the inhibition rate of thrombus. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the mRNA expressions of related genes in zebrafish. Results Compared with the model group,the combined drug could significantly increase the staining intensity of erythrocytes in zebrafish hearts,inhibit thrombosis,down-regulate the expression of thrombosis-related genes,and reduce tissue glucose content. Conclusions The combined use of the three drugs can effectively reduce the tissue sugar content and have antithrombotic effect,which show great potential in the development of drugs for the treatment of type II diabetes and thrombosis.

Association between Serum Uric Acid to HDL-Cholesterol Ratio and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Risk among Chinese Adults / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#The aim of this case-control study was to explore the association between serum uric acid to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Chinese adults.@*METHODS@#A total of 636 patients with NAFLD and 754 controls were enrolled from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China, between January and December 2016. All patients completed a comprehensive questionnaire survey and underwent abdominal ultrasound examination and a blood test. NAFLD was diagnosed using ultrasonography after other etiologies were excluded. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline model were conducted to evaluate the relationship of UHR with NAFLD risk.@*RESULTS@#The multivariable adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval, CI) for NAFLD in the highest versus lowest quartile of UHR was 3.888 (2.324-6.504). In analyses stratified by sex and age, we observed significant and positive associations between UHR and the risk of NAFLD in each subgroup. In analyses stratified by body mass index (BMI), a significant and positive association was found only in individuals with a BMI of ≥ 24 kg/m2. Our dose-response analysis indicated a linear positive correlation between UHR and the risk of NAFLD.@*CONCLUSION@#UHR is positively associated with the risk of NAFLD and may serve as an innovative and noninvasive marker for identifying individuals at risk of NAFLD.

Research progress on dietary and lifestyle inflammatory scores and their relationship with metabolic diseases / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze the relationship between dietary and lifestyle inflammatory scores and metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, tumor and other common metabolic diseases, and to explore the impact of dietary and lifestyle inflammatory potential on metabolic diseases, so as to provide new ideas for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of metabolic diseases. Methods Databases such as CNKI, Wanfang , and PubMed were searched, and literatures related to the dietary and lifestyle inflammatory scores (DLIS) and metabolic diseases were reviewed . Results Seven articles showed that dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores had a positive correlation with metabolic diseases, and two articles showed that only lifestyle inflammatory scores had a positive correlation with metabolic diseases. Conclusion Dietary and lifestyle inflammatory scores may be positively correlated with metabolic diseases, but some results are still controversial. Further studies are needed to prove the correlation between DLIS and metabolic diseases.

Comparative analysis of CT imaging findings on pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and pneumoconiosis / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To analyze the difference in computed tomography (CT) imaging findings between pulmonary alveolar pneumoconiosis Methods proteinosis (PAP) and occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as ). A total of 44 patients with PAP (PAP group) and 44 patients with pneumoconiosis (pneumoconiosis group) were selected as study subjects using Results convenient sampling method. The CT images of these two groups were comparatively analyzed. The detection rates of - - pulmonary CT pattern changes such as map like performance, ground glass opacity, paving stone sign and sphenoid wing like vs vs changes of pulmonary hilum in the PAP group were higher than those in the pneumoconiosis group (77.3% 0.0%, 75.0% vs vs P 2.3%, 56.8% 0.0%, 18.2% 0.0%, all <0.01); the detection rates of lymphadenopathy and calcification of pulmonary hilum, small pulmonary nodules, emphysema and interlobular septal thickening were lower in the PAP group than those in the vs vs vs vs P Conclusion pneumoconiosis group (34.1% 100.0%, 4.5% 100.0%, 2.3% 45.4%, 0.0% 22.7%, all <0.01). Paving - stone sign and map like performance were most commonly found in the CT imaging of patients with PAP, and it is uncommon in pneumoconiosis. These changes could be used as the CT differential diagnosis of the two diseases.

Comparative analysis of CT imaging findings on pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and pneumoconiosis / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To analyze the difference in computed tomography (CT) imaging findings between pulmonary alveolar pneumoconiosis Methods proteinosis (PAP) and occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as ). A total of 44 patients with PAP (PAP group) and 44 patients with pneumoconiosis (pneumoconiosis group) were selected as study subjects using Results convenient sampling method. The CT images of these two groups were comparatively analyzed. The detection rates of - - pulmonary CT pattern changes such as map like performance, ground glass opacity, paving stone sign and sphenoid wing like vs vs changes of pulmonary hilum in the PAP group were higher than those in the pneumoconiosis group (77.3% 0.0%, 75.0% vs vs P 2.3%, 56.8% 0.0%, 18.2% 0.0%, all <0.01); the detection rates of lymphadenopathy and calcification of pulmonary hilum, small pulmonary nodules, emphysema and interlobular septal thickening were lower in the PAP group than those in the vs vs vs vs P Conclusion pneumoconiosis group (34.1% 100.0%, 4.5% 100.0%, 2.3% 45.4%, 0.0% 22.7%, all <0.01). Paving - stone sign and map like performance were most commonly found in the CT imaging of patients with PAP, and it is uncommon in pneumoconiosis. These changes could be used as the CT differential diagnosis of the two diseases.

Comparative analysis of CT imaging findings on pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and pneumoconiosis / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To analyze the difference in computed tomography (CT) imaging findings between pulmonary alveolar pneumoconiosis Methods proteinosis (PAP) and occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as ). A total of 44 patients with PAP (PAP group) and 44 patients with pneumoconiosis (pneumoconiosis group) were selected as study subjects using Results convenient sampling method. The CT images of these two groups were comparatively analyzed. The detection rates of - - pulmonary CT pattern changes such as map like performance, ground glass opacity, paving stone sign and sphenoid wing like vs vs changes of pulmonary hilum in the PAP group were higher than those in the pneumoconiosis group (77.3% 0.0%, 75.0% vs vs P 2.3%, 56.8% 0.0%, 18.2% 0.0%, all <0.01); the detection rates of lymphadenopathy and calcification of pulmonary hilum, small pulmonary nodules, emphysema and interlobular septal thickening were lower in the PAP group than those in the vs vs vs vs P Conclusion pneumoconiosis group (34.1% 100.0%, 4.5% 100.0%, 2.3% 45.4%, 0.0% 22.7%, all <0.01). Paving - stone sign and map like performance were most commonly found in the CT imaging of patients with PAP, and it is uncommon in pneumoconiosis. These changes could be used as the CT differential diagnosis of the two diseases.

Effect of Jingfang Granules on carrageenan-induced tail thrombosis in mice based on ERK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway / 中国中药杂志

The present study explored the anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic mechanism of Jingfang Granules on tail thrombosis induced by carrageenan in mice. Thirty-two male ICR mice were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a Jingfang Granules group, and a positive drug(aspirin) group, with eight mice in each group. The thrombosis model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of carrageenan(45 mg·kg~(-1)) combined with low-temperature stimulation, and the mice were treated with drugs for 7 days before modeling. Twenty-four hours after modeling, blood was detected for four blood coagulation indices in each group. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the activity of plasma interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and other inflammatory factors. The tails of mice in each group were cut off to observe tail lesions and measure the length of the thrombus. The protein expression and phosphorylation level of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK) in spleen tissues were detected by Western blot. The results showed that dark red thrombus appeared in the tails of mice in each group. The length of the black part accounted for about 40% of the total tail in the model group. Additionally, the model group showed prolonged prothrombin time(PT), increased fibrinogen(FIB) content, and shortened activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT). Compared with the model group, the groups with drug intervention displayed shortened black parts in the tail and improved four blood coagulation indices(P<0.05). As revealed by ELISA, the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the mouse plasma were significantly up-regulated in the model group, and those in the groups with drug intervention were reduced as compared with the model group(P<0.05). As demonstrated by Western blot, the protein expression and phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK in the spleen tissues were significantly elevated in the model group, while those in the Jingfang Granules group were down-regulated as compared with the model group with a significant difference. Jingfang Granules can inhibit tail thrombosis of mice caused by carrageenan presumedly by inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways.

Caprylic Acid Improves Lipid Metabolism, Suppresses the Inflammatory Response and Activates the ABCA1/p-JAK2/p-STAT3 Signaling Pathway in C57BL/6J Mice and RAW264.7 Cells / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to investigate the effects of caprylic acid (C8:0) on lipid metabolism and inflammation, and examine the mechanisms underlying these effects in mice and cells.@*METHODS@#Fifty-six 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated to four groups fed a high-fat diet (HFD) without or with 2% C8:0, palmitic acid (C16:0) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). RAW246.7 cells were randomly divided into five groups: normal, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS+C8:0, LPS+EPA and LPS+cAMP. The serum lipid profiles, inflammatory biomolecules, and ABCA1 and JAK2/STAT3 mRNA and protein expression were measured.@*RESULTS@#C8:0 decreased TC and LDL-C, and increased the HDL-C/LDL-C ratio after injection of LPS. Without LPS, it decreased TC in mice ( P < 0.05). Moreover, C8:0 decreased the inflammatory response after LPS treatment in both mice and cells ( P < 0.05). Mechanistic investigations in C57BL/6J mouse aortas after injection of LPS indicated that C8:0 resulted in higher ABCA1 and JAK2/STAT3 expression than that with HFD, C16:0 and EPA, and resulted in lower TNF-α, NF-κB mRNA expression than that with HFD ( P < 0.05). In RAW 264.7 cells, C8:0 resulted in lower expression of pNF-κBP65 than that in the LPS group, and higher protein expression of ABCA1, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 than that in the LPS and LPS+cAMP groups ( P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Our studies demonstrated that C8:0 may play an important role in lipid metabolism and the inflammatory response, and the mechanism may be associated with ABCA1 and the p-JAK2/p-STAT3 signaling pathway.

Teoria da adaptação e saúde do trabalhador em home office na pandemia de covid-19 / Teoría de la adaptación y la salud del trabajador en home office en la pandemia de covid-19 / Theory of adaptation and worker's health in home office in the covid-19 pandemic

Objetivo refletir sobre as implicações do trabalho em Home Office no período da pandemia de COVID-19 na saúde dos indivíduos, sob a perspectiva da Teoria da Adaptação desenvolvida por Callista Roy. Método estudo reflexivo baseado na aplicação da Teoria da Adaptação desenvolvida por Callista Roy relacionada às modificações do processo de trabalho impostas pela crise sanitária da pandemia de COVID-19, com ênfase no Home Office. Resultados a Teoria da Adaptação de Callista Roy possui quatro modos adaptativos: fisiológico, autoconceito, desempenho de papel e interdependência. É possível verificar a interlocução de todas essas dimensões no trabalho em Home Office imposto pelo contexto da pandemia. Conclusão a Teoria de Callista Roy subsidia as discussões sobre a possibilidade de adaptação neste novo contexto, seja de maneira pontual ou mediante transformações no processo de trabalho em longo prazo, superando limitações do indivíduo e descobrindo maneiras de se fazer e ser no campo do trabalho.

Objetivo reflexionar sobre las implicaciones del trabajo Home Office en el período de la pandemia de COVID-19 sobre la salud de las personas, desde la perspectiva de la Teoría de la Adaptación desarrollada por Callista Roy. Método estudio reflexivo basado en la aplicación de la Teoría de la Adaptación desarrollada por Callista Roy relacionado con cambios en el proceso de trabajo impuestos por la crisis de salud de la pandemia de COVID-19, con énfasis en el Home Office. Resultados La Teoría de la Adaptación de Callista Roy tiene cuatro modos adaptativos: fisiológico, autoconcepto, ejecución del papel e interdependencia. Puede verificarse la interlocución de todas estas dimensiones en el trabajo Home Office impuesto por el contexto de la pandemia. Conclusión la Teoría de Callista Roy apoya discusiones sobre la posibilidad de adaptación en este nuevo contexto, ya sea de manera puntual o a través de transformaciones en el proceso de trabajo a largo plazo, superando las limitaciones del individuo y descubriendo formas de hacer y estar en el campo del trabajo.

Objective to reflect on the implications of Home Office work in the covid-19 pandemic period on individuals' health, from the perspective of the Adaptation Theory developed by Callista Roy. Method reflective study based on the application of the Adaptation Theory developed by Callista Roy related to changes in the work process imposed by the health crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic, with emphasis on the Home Office. Results Callista Roy's Adaptation Theory has four adaptive modes: physiological, self-concept, role performance and interdependence. There is the interlocution of all these dimensions at Home Office work imposed by the pandemic context. Conclusion Callista Roy's Theory supports discussions about the possibility of adaptation in this new context, either in a specific way or through transformations in the long-term work process, overcoming limitations of the individual and discovering ways to do and be in the work field.

Metabonomics study of Shouhui Tongbian Capsules in slow transit constipation based on UPLC-ESI-QE-Orbitrap-MS / 中国中药杂志

The effect of Shouhui Tongbian Capsules(SHTB) on the endogenous metabolites of colon tissue in mice with slow transit constipation was analyzed by metabolomics methods to explore its mechanism in the treatment of constipation. ICR mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group and SHTB group according to the body weight. The mice were given diphenoxylate to establish the slow transit constipation model. Mouse carbon ink pushing rate, first defecation time and the number of defecation particles in 12 h were observed. The mouse colon tissue was separated and the mucous cells were detected by Periodic acid Schiff and Alcian blue(AB-PAS) staining. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS) technology was used to characterize the differences in tissue metabolism to screen out the potential different metabolites and possible metabolic pathways in colon tissue. The results indicated that SHTB could significantly shorten the first defecation time and the number of defecations, and increase the number of intestinal peristalsis and mucous cells in the colonic mucosa compared to the model mice. Metabolomics results showed that, compared with the normal group, a total of 17 potential biomarkers, including L-kynurenine, N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine, L-formylkynurenine, N6-acetyl-L-lysine, L-phenylalanine, phenylacetaldehyde, xanthoxin, thymidine, glycyl-L-leucine, cystathionine,(R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol, deoxycytidine, gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde, D-galactose, L-arginine, L-proline and pyruvate, were found and identified in colon tissue. Treated with SHTB, these metabolic differences tended to return to normal levels. Therefore, it could be made a conclusion that the therapeutic effect of SHTB on chronic transit constipation may be related to regulating phenylalanine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism, glycolysis, pyrimidine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle and galactose metabolism.

Stakeholder Analysis of the Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Field of Primary Health Care / 中国医学科学院学报

The application of artificial intelligence in the field of primary health care can effectively improve diagnosis and treatment,avoid over-examination and over-medication,and make up for the shortage of high-quality medical resources in primary medical and health institutions.Focusing on the application of artificial intelligence in the field of primary health care,this paper analyzes the existing application modes and typical cases,studies its main stakeholders,interest demands and problems,and provides corresponding suggestions.

Advance in Application of Neuroimaging in Plasticity Mechanism after Stroke (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Neuroimaging technique is a kind of significant means to explore the mechanism of cerebral plasticity after stroke. Diffusion tensor imaging can be used to describe the structure of white matter fiber bundles and evaluate the degree of damage, but it cannot reflect the functional connections between different brain regions. Task-state functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) can detect the activation of corresponding brain regions caused by specific tasks, but the test design is complex and demanding for subjects. Resting-state fMRI can analyze complex brain networks and reflect functional connections in different brain regions, but the method of data analysis is complex. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is another non-invasive method to reflect the functional activation of brain regions, in which temporal resolution is better than fMRI, but the spatial resolution is slightly lower. The combination of multiple detection methods may be an important research direction in the future.

Effect of Home-based Rehabilitation Training on Posterior Shoulder Dislocation with Reverse Hill-Sachs Lesion: A Case Report / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the effect of home-based rehabilitation training on a patient with posterior shoulder dislocation with reverse Hill-Sacks lesion. Methods:According to the preoperative and postoperative evaluation and the operation way, a four-phase home-based rehabilitation training plan was developed for the patient, which included the training of muscle strength and range of motion, and proprioceptive sensation training and so on. The patient was followed up in rehabilitation department regularly. The range of motion was measured, and were also evaluated with Manual Muscle Test, Visual Analogue Score (VAS) and modified Rowe Score. Results:Six months after operation, the active range of motion of flexion, extension, adduction, abduction and external rotation of his shoulder reached to the normal range, the active internal rotation reached to level L3, the muscle strength recovered to the normal level, the VAS decreased from six preoperative to 0 postoperative, and the modified Rowe Score improved from 16 preoperative to 91. Ten months after operation, his active internal rotation reached to level L1, and the modified Rowe Score was 93. Conclusion:Individualized remote guidance and reasonable home-based rehabilitation training might be effective on posterior shoulder dislocation with reverse Hill-Sacks lesion.

Application of Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy in Brain Area Activation Research: Dominant and Non-dominant Hand under Active Grasp-release Task / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To apply functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to analyze brain activity pattern of bilateral sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and premotor cortex (PMC) during complex dominant and non-dominant hand movement in healthy subjects. Methods:From August to December, 2019, 15 right-handed healthy residents were recruited. The block designed grip-release task was used in the subjects, and detected oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentration with fNIRS to analyze the activation of bilateral SMC, PMC and prefontal cortex in term of activation channels and intensity. Results:For the oxyhemoglobin concentration, the number of activated channels was the same in both hemispheres during right (dominant) hand movement, and the activation of left SMC was stronger (P < 0.05); however, more channels were activated in the right hemisphere during left (non-dominant) hand movement, and the activation of right SMC was stronger (P < 0.05). For the deoxyhemoglobin concentration, more channels were activated in the contralateral hemisphere during either dominant or non-dominant hand movement, and the activation of left SMC, Channel 12 (left PMC) and Channel 26 (right PMC) were stronger during right (dominant) hand movement (P < 0.05). Conclusion:It is feasible to use fNIRS to study the activation of hand movement related brain regions during complex movement of dominant and non-dominant hand, especially with the results of oxyhemoglobin concentration.

Cytotoxicity and underlying mechanism of evodiamine in HepG2 cells / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate evodiamine (EVO)-induced hepatotoxicity and the underlying mechanism.@*METHODS@#HepG2 cells were treated with EVO (0.04-25 μmol/L) for different time intervals, and the cell survival rate was examined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method. After HepG2 cells were treated with EVO (0.2, 1 and 5 μmol/L) for 48 h, the alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities and total bilirubin (TBIL) content of supernatant were detected. A multifunctional microplate reader was used to detect the intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HepG2 cells to evaluate the level of cell lipid peroxidation damage. The interactions between EVO and apoptosis, autophagy or ferroptosis-associated proteins were simulated by molecular docking. The HepG2 cells were stained by mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) fluorescent probe (JC-10) and annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (Annexin V-FITC/PI), and MMP and apoptosis in HepG2 cells were detected by flow cytometry. The protein expression levels of caspase-9, caspase-3, bile salt export pump (BSEP) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The cell survival rate was significantly reduced after the HepG2 cells were exposed to EVO (0.04-25 μmol/L) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the HepG2 cells treated with EVO for 24, 48 and 72 h were 85.3, 6.6 and 4.7 μmol/L, respectively. After exposure to EVO (0.2, 1 and 5 μmol/L) for 48 h, the ALT, AST, LDH, ALP activities and TBIL content in the HepG2 cell culture supernatant, and the MDA content in the cells were increased, and SOD enzyme activity was decreased. Molecular docking results showed that EVO interacted with apoptosis-associated proteins (caspase-9 and caspase-3) better. JC-10 and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining assays demonstrated that EVO could decrease MMP and promote apoptosis in the HepG2 cells. Western blot results indicated that the protein expressions of cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 were upregulated in the HepG2 cell treated with EVO for 48 h. In contrast, the protein expressions of pro-caspase-3, BSEP and MRP2 were downregulated.@*CONCLUSION@#These results suggested that 0.2, 1 and 5 μmol/L EVO had the potential hepatotoxicity, and the possible mechanism involved lipid peroxidation damage, cell apoptosis, and cholestasis.

Application of double plasma molecular adsorption system in children with acute liver failure / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the efficacy and safety of double plasma molecular absorption system (DPMAS) in the treatment of pediatric acute liver failure (PALF).@*METHODS@#A prospective analysis was performed on the medical data of children with PALF who were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hunan Children's Hospital, from March 2018 to June 2020. The children were randomly divided into two groups:plasma exchange group (PE group) and DPMAS group (@*RESULTS@#Compared with the PE group, the DPMAS group had a significantly lower number of times of artificial liver support therapy and a significantly shorter duration of ICU stay (@*CONCLUSIONS@#DPMAS is safe and effective in the treatment of PALF and can thus be used as an alternative to artificial liver support therapy.

Effect and Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Pathological Scar / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Pathological scar is a kind of skin fibrotic disease caused by abnormal wound healing, including hypertrophic scar and keloid. Pathological scar may lead to aesthetic flaws, limb dysfunction and local discomfort in patients. Due to the complexity of the wound healing process, the formation of scar is affected by many factors. In addition to traditional surgical, laser, cryostatic and hormone injection methods for the treatment of pathological scar, there are new therapies, such as mesenchymal stem cell therapy, fat transplantation, interferon, and botulinum toxin. They are widely used in clinical practice, but with such problems as high prices and many side effect. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history in treating pathological scar. In recent years, in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that TCM has effect IN reducing inflammation, inhibiting fibroblast proliferation, regulating fibroblast activation and migration, inducing fibroblast apoptosis and autophagy, promoting the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and reducing angiogenesis in general. Besides, TCM has also a certain regulatory role in the signaling pathways, such as transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smads, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) and sonic hedgehog (Shh). There are still some contradictions in relevant studies, and specific mechanisms remain to be further improved. This paper summarizes the study content, findings and relevant mechanisms of different TCM based on in vivo and in vitro experiments, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of TCM in the prevention and treatment of pathological scar, and its prospects in clinical application, so as to provide basis and ideas for future scar studies.

Cross-neutralizing Anti-hemagglutinin Antibodies Isolated from Patients Infected with Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#To recover broad-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (BnAbs) from avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection cases and investigate their genetic and functional features.@*Methods@#We screened the Abs repertoires of expanded B cells circulating in the peripheral blood of H5N1 patients. The genetic basis, biological functions, and epitopes of the obtained BnAbs were assessed and modeled.@*Results@#Two BnAbs, 2-12D5, and 3-37G7.1, were respectively obtained from two human H5N1 cases on days 12 and 21 after disease onset. Both Abs demonstrated cross-neutralizing and Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity. Albeit derived from distinct Ab lineages, , V 1-69-D2-15-J 4 (2-12D5) and V 1-2-D3-9-J 5 (3-32G7.1), the BnAbs were directed toward CR6261-like epitopes in the HA stem, and HA I45 in the hydrophobic pocket was the critical residue for their binding. Signature motifs for binding with the HA stem, namely, IFY in V 1-69-encoded Abs and LXYFXW in D3-9-encoded Abs, were also observed in 2-12D5 and 3-32G7.1, respectively.@*Conclusions@#Cross-reactive B cells of different germline origins could be activated and re-circulated by avian influenza virus. The HA stem epitopes targeted by the BnAbs, and the two Ab-encoding genes usage implied the VH1-69 and D3-9 are the ideal candidates triggered by influenza virus for vaccine development.

Evaluation of the reproducibility of non-verbal facial expressions in normal persons using dynamic stereophotogrammetric system / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the reproducibility of non-verbal facial expressions (smile lips closed, smile lips open, lip purse, cheek puff) in normal persons using dynamic three-dimensional (3D) imaging and provide reference data for future research.@*METHODS@#In this study, 15 adults (7 males and 8 females) without facial asymmetry and facial nerve dysfunction were recruited. Each participant was seated upright in front of the 3D imaging system in natural head position. The whole face could be captured in all six cameras. The dynamic 3D system captured 60 3D images per second. Four facial expressions were included: smile lips closed, smile lips open, lip purse, and cheek puff. Before starting, we instructed the subjects to make facial expressions to develop muscle memory. During recording, each facial expression took about 3 to 4 seconds. At least 1 week later, the procedure was repeated. The rest position (T0) was considered as the base frame. The first quartile of expressions (T1), just after reaching the maximum state of expressions (T2), just before the end of maximum state of expressions (T3), the third quartile of expressions (T4), and the end of motion (T5) were selected as key frames. Using the stable part of face such as forehead, each key frame (T1-T5) of the different expressions was aligned on the corresponding frame at rest (T0). The root mean square (RMS) between each key frame and its corresponding frame at rest were calculated. The Wilcoxon signed ranks test was applied to assess statistical differences between the corresponding frames of the different facial expressions.@*RESULTS@#Facial expressions like smile lips closed, smile lips open, and cheek puff were reproducible. Lip purse was not reproducible. The statistically significant differences were found on the T2 frame of the repeated lip purse movement.@*CONCLUSION@#The dynamic 3D imaging can be used to evaluate the reproducibility of facial expressions. Compared with the qualitative analysis and two-dimensions analysis, dynamic 3D images can be able to more truly represent the facial expressions which make the research more reliable.