KIF2C: a novel link between Wnt/β-catenin and mTORC1 signaling in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy and is the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC is refractory to many standard cancer treatments and the prognosis is often poor, highlighting a pressing need to identify biomarkers of aggressiveness and potential targets for future treatments. Kinesin family member 2C (KIF2C) is reported to be highly expressed in several human tumors. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of KIF2C in tumor development and progression have not been investigated. In this study, we found that KIF2C expression was significantly upregulated in HCC, and that KIF2C up-regulation was associated with a poor prognosis. Utilizing both gain and loss of function assays, we showed that KIF2C promoted HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we identified TBC1D7 as a binding partner of KIF2C, and this interaction disrupts the formation of the TSC complex, resulting in the enhancement of mammalian target of rapamycin complex1 (mTORC1) signal transduction. Additionally, we found that KIF2C is a direct target of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and acts as a key factor in mediating the crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin and mTORC1 signaling. Thus, the results of our study establish a link between Wnt/β-catenin and mTORC1 signaling, which highlights the potential of KIF2C as a therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.

Vertical reduction mammoplasty based on Würinger's horizontal septum / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective The vertical mammoplasty which improves the breast morphology and reduces the operative scar has become the first selection of breast reduction.However,the nipple-and-areola complex (NAC) had the risk of necrosis in those severe patients.In this report,we performed the vertical reduction mammoplasty based on Wu'ringer's horizontal septum to reduce the NAC necrosis possibility.Methods Typical Lejourmosque-dome design was performed.The inferior part of glandular tissue and the skin were excised.The NAC was elevated to normal position based on Wu'ringer's horizontal septum.The breast morphology was modified with vertical scar left.Results 79 patients were operated.4 patients had unilateral breast reduction.4 breasts had partial wound dehiscence.They were treated conservatively with topical dressing.No complete NAC necrosis occurred.Conclusions The vertical reduction mammoplasty based on Wu'ringer's horizontal septum is a safe and effective procedure.The NAC necrosis risk is reduced.This method deserves to be recommended.

Xenogenic acellular dermal matrix in immediate implant-based breast reconstruction following nipple/skin-sparing mastectomy / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To explore the clinical outcomes of xenogenic acellular dermal matrix in immediate implant-based breast reconstruction following nipple/skin sparing mastectomy.Methods From January 2015 to June 2017,patients that underwent immediate implant-based breast reconstruction following nipple/skin-sparing mastectomy were retrospectively studied.Results 43 female patients with breast cancer were enrolled.A retrospective review was performed on patients that were reconstructed with either alloplastic reconstruction (group A,18 breasts) or xenogenic acellular matrix dermal (group B,25 groups).Differences in the average age,body mass index,numbers of diabetic patients,numbers of active smoker,and volume of implant between the two groups were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).All patients were followed up from 3 to 28 months,with the middle time of 18,7 months.Complications in both groups of patients were clinically recorded after operation.When comparing clinical outcomes,group A had fewer drain (523.17±62.18) ml vs (639.56±54.34)ml,and fewer days before drain removal (7.83±1.58) d vs (10.2±1.44) d.No significant difference was seen in terms of seroma,hematoma,delayed healing,infection,nipple necrosis,capsular contracture,or tumor recurrence.Conclusions The use of xenogenic acellular matrix dermal in immediate implant-based breast reconstruction following nipple/skin-sparing mastectomy is as safe and effective as alloplastic reconstruction.

Breast reconstruction with latissimus dorsi flap combined with implant / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To introduce our experience about the breast reconstruction using latissimus dorsi (LD) flap combined with breast implant.The details of the operative method were prescribed.Methods During the LD mycutaneous breast reconstruction,the insertion of LD was cut off and rotated to fulfil ipsilateral axillary fossa.The breast reconstruction was performed using LD and breast implant.Results 237 cases of breast reconstruction were performed from 1998 to 2017.The axillary contour deformity was successfully restored.The results were satisfied and stable during the follow-up.Conclusions Using proximal LD flap to repair axillary fossa deformity is a safe,effective and easy operating method in LD and implant flap breast reconstruction.

Vertical incision scar reduction mammaplasty with medial-superior pedicle based on Würinger's horizontal septum / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective The vertical mammaplasty improves the breast morphology,and reduces the operative scar.However,the nipple-and-areola complex (NAC) has the risk of necrosis on those severe patients.In this report,we performed the vertical incision scar reduction mammaplasty based on Würinger's horizontal septum to reduce the NAC necrosis possibility.Methods Typical Lejour mosque-dome design was performed.The inferior part of glandular tissue and skin were excised.The NAC was elevated to normal position with medial-superior pedicle based on the horizontal septum.The breast morphology was modified with lateral and medial glandular pillar suturing using nonabsorbent thread.For reducing the vertical scar,the lower breast flap was thinned to induce the skin contraction.Results 27 patients with breast hypertrophy were operated from May 2009 to October 2012.1 patient had unilateral breast reduction,and 6 patients with 8 breasts had partial wound dehiscence.They were treated conservatively with topical dressings.No complete NAC necrosis occurred.Conclusions The vertical reduction mammaplasty based on Würinger's horizontal septum is a safe and effective approach,and the NAC necrosis possibility is reduced with this procedure.

Pedicled muscular flap for treatment of pyothorax-resulted wound / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effect of pedicled muscular flaps combined with partial thoracotomy for treatment of pythorax-resulted wounds and defects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>35 cases with pythorax-resulted refractory infected wound and dead space, were retrospectively analyzed. The wound and dead space were eliminated with pedicled muscular flaps, including latissimus dorsi muscular flaps and serratus anterior muscle flaps in 21 patients, pectoralis major muscle flaps with rectus muscle flaps in 8 patients, latissimus dorsi muscul flaps and vertical rectus muscle flaps in other 6 patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>34 flaps survived completely except for 1 verticle rectus muscular flap with partial necrosis at distal end. Primary healing was achieved in 29 cases. The other 6 cases were discharged with drainage. Among the 6 cases, 3 cases healed spontaneously, 2 cases underwent reoperation, 1 case need long-term drainage in the fistula.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pedicled muscular flap, combined with partial thoracotomy can effectively treat refractory wound and dead space resulted by pythorax.</p>

Angiosarcoma of the face and scalp in the elderly: an analysis of seven cases / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To assess clinical features and treatment of angiosarcoma.Methods A retrospective study was carried out among seven patients hospitalized for angiosarcoma in the Department of Plastic Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from January 2004 to March 2012.Clinical behaviors,therapeutic strategies and outcomes of angiosarcoma were analyzed in these patients.Results Of the seven patients,four were male,and three were female,with a median age of 67 years (range,37-77 years).Clinical presentations were various,including irregular ulcerous nodular masses in four patients,localized ulcer in one patient,and irregular erythematous nodules in two patients.All the patients were treated surgically with or without postoperative adjuvant therapy.Pathological examination revealed various degrees of differentiation and atypia of tumor cells,as well as obvious proliferation of endothelial cells,and all of these patients were diagnosed as angiosarcoma.Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a positive staining for CD31 and CD34.After surgical treatment,angiosarcoma recurred in four patients with the median time to the first recurrence being 3.5 months (range,1-6 months),cerebral metastasis occurred in one patient 5 months later,and two patients died.Conclusions Angiosarcoma is a rare and heterogeneous sarcoma with diverse clinical presentations.Local wide resection is the cornerstone of angiosarcoma treatment,and adjuvant therapy may improve its prognosis.