RESUMO
Objective To analyze the overall situation of regular monitoring of occupational hazards in enterprises in Guangdong Province in 2022. Methods Analysis and quality sampling from enterprises were conducted on the occupational hazard regular monitoring reports submitted by various occupational health institutions through the Guangdong Province Occupational Health Quality Control Platform for the year 2022. Results In 2022, a total of 40 129 enterprises in Guangdong Province conducted regular monitoring of occupational hazards, accounting for 5.9%. More than 4.85 million workers were enrolled, of which more than 1.99 million workers were exposed to occupational hazards, with an incidence of 41.1%. The incidence of exposure to chemicals, dust, and noise were 18.2%, 11.9%, and 23.5%, respectively. The incidence of exceeding national standard for chemical substances, dust and noise in enterprises were 2.7%, 3.3%, and 42.7%, respectively. The incidence of exceeding national standard for all occupational hazards increased with the scale of enterprises from micro, small, medium to large enterprises (29.1% vs 46.7% vs 61.3% vs 65.4%, all P<0.05). The top three key industries, with more enterprises exceeding national standard, were metal furniture manufacturing, wooden furniture manufacturing, and other metal daily necessities manufacturing. The concentration of 97 chemical hazardous agents such as silica dust and benzene in work site exceeded the national standard, but less than 1.0% chemical hazardous agents exceeded national standard in most of the chemical-exposed work site. The incidence of noise exceeding national standard was 45.4%, while the incidence of silica dust exceeding national standard was 17.3%. Conclusion The percentage of regular monitoring of occupational hazards in enterprises in Guangdong Province is relatively low. The main occupational hazard that exceeds the national standard was noise, indicating the need for special attention on noise protection in workplace.
RESUMO
Objective: To investigate the specificity of endogenous metabolic profile in plasma of patients with occupational acute methyl acetate poisoning using non-targeted metabolomics. Methods: A total of six patients with occupational acute methyl acetate poisoning were selected as the poisoning group, while 10 healthy workers without occupational exposure history of chemical hazards in the same industry were selected as the control group using the judgment sampling method. Metabolites in patient plasma of the two groups were detected using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and non-targeted metabolomics analysis was performed. Principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to identify differential metabolites and analyze their metabolic pathways. Results: There were significant differences in metabolite profiles in patient plasma between poisoning group and control group. A total of 195 differentially expressed metabolites were screened in plasma of patients in poisoning group, including 119 upregulated and 76 downregulated metabolites. Lipid substances (lipids and lipid-like molecules) accounted for the highest proportion (21.5%). The differential metabolites of poisoning group were related to folate biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, sphingolipid biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways in plasma compared with the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Occupational acute methyl acetate poisoning affects metabolism of the body. The folic acid biosynthesis, amino acid and lipid metabolism and other pathways may be involved in the occurrence and development of poisoning.