Modification effects of temperature on outpatient visits caused by ozone in Linzhi / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the modification effect of atmospheric temperature on outpatient visits caused by O3 in Linzhi City. Methods The daily outpatient data, the daily O3 concentration and daily meteorological data (including daily average temperature, average relative humidity, etc.) in Linzhi City from 2018 to 2019 were collected. The distributed lag non-liner-model (DLNM) was used to quantitatively evaluate the impact of O3 in different temperature layers on the risk of outpatient visits. Results At low temperature layers, the cumulative relative risk (CRR) of total outpatient visits and non-injury outpatient visits increased by 53.8%（4.2% -126.9%) and 59.1%（5.8% -139.2%）for every 10 μg/m3 increase of O3 concentration, respectively. The subgroup analysis showed that for every 10 μg/m3 increase of O3 concentration at low temperature, the CRR of patients with circulatory diseases, men, women, and people being 3 in Linzhi City. In general, the cumulative risk increases as the temperature decreases.

The rapeutic effect of Cefpodoxime proxetil granules in treatment of acute bronchitis in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective@#To study the efficacy and safety of Cefpodoxime proxetil granules in the treatment of acute bronchitis in children.@*Methods@#One hundred and sixty children of the First People′s Hospital of Nanning from June to December 2018 with acute bronchitis were randomly divided into cefpodoxime group and cefaclor group, with 80 cases in each group.All patients received routine treatment.On this basis, 80 patients in the cefpodoxime group received oral Cefpodoxime proxetil granules 5 mg/kg (not more than 100 mg/time), twice a day; 80 patients in the cefaclor group received oral Cefaclor.The granules were 10 mg/kg (not more than 250 mg/time), 3 times a day, and the course of treatment was 5 days.The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were observed.@*Results@#The cure rate and effective rate of Cefpodoxime group were 91.3% (73/80 cases) and 95.0% (76/80 cases), respectively, while the cure rate and effective rate of Cefaclor group were 66.3%(53/80 cases) and 81.3%(65/80 cases), respectively, and the differences between the 2 groups were statistically significant (χ2=14.94, 7.23, all P<0.05). Sixty-three strains of pathogenic bacteria and 66 strains of pathogenic bacteria were obtained in Cefpodoxine group and Cefaclor group, respectively, and the detection rates of bacteria in the 2 groups were 78.75% and 82.50%, respectively.There was no significant diffe-rence in the number of bacterial strains and strains detected in each group (χ2=0.36, P>0.05), but the total bacterial clearance rate in Cefpodoxine group was 88.9%(56/63 cases) while the bacterial Clearance rate in Cefaclor group was 74.2%(49/66 cases), and the difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2=4.57, P<0.05). In particular, the bacterial clearance rate in Cefpodoxine group to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were significantly higher than those in Cefaclor group, while the bacterial Clearance rate of Proteus and Escherichia coli were lower than those in Cefaclor group.The incidence of adverse reactions in Cefpodoxine group and Cefaclor group were 5.0% and 3.8%, respectively, with no significant difference (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#The clinical effect of Cefpodoxime pro-xetil granules in treating children with acute bronchitis is more significant than that of Cefaclor.It has high safety and no serious side effect.

The rapeutic effect of Cefpodoxime proxetil granules in treatment of acute bronchitis in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of Cefpodoxime proxetil granules in the treatment of acute bronchitis in children.Methods One hundred and sixty children of the First People's Hospital of Nanning from June to December 2018 with acute bronchitis were randomly divided into cefpodoxime group and cefaclor group,with 80 cases in each group.All patients received routine treatment.On this basis,80 patients in the cefpodoxime group received oral Cefpodoxime proxetil granules 5 mg/kg (not more than 100 mg/time),twice a day;80 patients in the cefaclor group received oral Cefaclor.The granules were 10 mg/kg (not more than 250 mg/time),3 times a day,and the course of treatment was 5 days.The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were observed.Results The cure rate and effective rate of Cefpodoxime group were 91.3％ (73/80 cases) and 95.0％ (76/80 cases),respectively,while the cure rate and effective rate of Cefaclor group were 66.3 ％ (53/80 cases) and 81.3％ (65/80 cases),respectively,and the differences between the 2 groups were statistically significant (x2 =14.94,7.23,all P ＜ 0.05).Sixty-three strains of pathogenic bacteria and 66 strains of pathogenic bacteria were obtained in Cefpodoxine group and Cefaclor group,respectively,and the detection rates of bacteria in the 2 groups were 78.75％ and 82.50％,respectively.There was no significant difference in the number of bacterial strains and strains detected in each group (x2 =0.36,P ＞ 0.05),but the total bacterial clearance rate in Cefpodoxine group was 88.9％ (56/63 cases) while the bacterial Clearance rate in Cefaclor group was 74.2％ (49/66 cases),and the difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (x2 =4.57,P ＜ 0.05).In particular,the bacterial clearance rate in Cefpodoxine group to Streptococcus pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were significantly higher than those in Cefaclor group,while the bacterial Clearance rate of Proteus and Escherichia coli were lower than those in Cefaclor group.The incidence of adverse reactions in Cefpodoxine group and Cefaclor group were 5.0％ and 3.8％,respectively,with no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The clinical effect of Cefpodoxime pro-xetil granules in treating children with acute bronchitis is more significant than that of Cefaclor.It has high safety and no serious side effect.

Delayed 18F-FDG PET/CT with oral small dosage diuretics in diagnosing urogenital cancers / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To investigate the value of delayed 18F-FDG PET/CT with oral intake small dosage diuretics for diagnosing urogenital cancers.Methods Patients with suspected urogenital system cancers were divided into routine dosage diuretic group (n=12) and small dosage diuretics group (n=35).All patients underwent whole-body PET/CT followed by delayed scanning after oral 40 mg or 20 mg Furosemide respectively.The urine maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) and T/U (the ratio of urine and lesion SUVmax) before and after diuresis were compared respectively.Diagnostic efficacy for malignant urogenital system cancers of small dosage group was calculated.Results The urine SUVmax and T/U were statistically different between routine whole body and delayed scans in both groups (P＜0.05).SUVmax and T/U of routine and delayed scans had no statistical differences between the two groups (P＞0.05).In small dosage group,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy of delayed imaging and routine imaging was 96.77％ (30/31)and 61.29％ (19/31),75.00％ (3/4) and 50.00％ (2/4),96.77％ (30/31) and 90.48％ (19/21),75.00％ (3/4)and 14.29％ (2/14),94.29％ (33/35) and 60.00％ (21/35),respectively.The sensitivity and accuracy were statistically different between routine and delayed imaging (P＜0.001).Conclusion Delayed PET/CT imaging with oral small dosage Furosemide has the same efficacy as PET/CT using routine dosage diuretics,which is useful for diagnosing urogenital cancers.

Preparation of a polyclonal antibody against human LYZL4 and its expression in the testis / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To prepare a polyclonal antibody against human lysozyme-like protein 4 (LYZL4) expressed in the prokaryotic system and identify the distribution of LYZL4 in the testis.@*METHODS@#The full-length cDNA of LYZL4 was cloned into the pET32a plasmid and the expression of the recombinant LYZL4 (rLYZL4) was induced by IPTG. The rLYZL4 was purified by Ni-NTA and chitin affinity chromatography respectively and its bactericidal activity was observed by bilayer agar plate diffusion assay. The purified rLYZL4 was used as an immunogen to generate the polyclonal antibody, followed by examination of the antibody titer by ELISA and its specificity by Western blot. The distribution of LYZL4 in human tissue, sperm and seminal plasma was identified and its subcellular localization in the testis was determined by immunohistochemistry.@*RESULTS@#rLYZL4 was expressed efficiently in the prokaryotic system and exhibited no bacteriolytic activity against M. lysodeikticus and E. coli. The anti-rLYZL4 polyclonal antibody could bind the recombinant protein with a high sensitivity and specificity. LYZL4 was identified in the testis, epididymis and sperm protein extracts and localized in the acrosomal region of round and elongating spermatids.@*CONCLUSIONS@#An anti-rLYZL4 polyclonal antibody was successfully prepared using the prokaryotic expression system. LYZL4 was detected in the acrosomal region of round and elongating spermatids, suggesting an association with the structure and function of the acrosome.

Expression of human lysozyme-like protein 6 in the male reproductive system / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To study the expression of human lysozyme-like protein 6 (LYZL6) in the male reproductive system and its physiological role.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The recombinant P. pastoris strain was cultured and induced with methanol to express LYZL6, followed by purification using chitin affinity chromatography. The bactericidal activity of the recombinant LYZL6 was observed by bilayer agar plate diffusion assay, and then the recombinant protein was used as an immunogen to generate polyclonal antibodies, whose specificity was examined by ELISA. The distribution of LYZL6 in the human tissue and semen was identified by Western blotting and the subcellular localization in the testis was investigated by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At pH 5.6, recombinant LYZL6 exhibited a high bacteriolytic activity against M. lysodeikticus. ELISA analysis showed that the anti-LYZL6 polyclonal antibodies could bind the recombinant protein with a high specificity. Western blot manifested the expression of LYZL6 in the testis and epididymis, higher in the former than in the latter. LYZL6 was also detected in the sperm protein extract, while protein bands were not observed in the seminal plasma. Immunodetection with a specific antiserum localized the LYZL6 protein in the late spermatocytes and round spermatids.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LYZL6 has a higher bacteriolytic activity under low pH condition and is bound to spermatozoa after secreted in the testicular epithelia, suggesting that LYZL6 could act as a potential hydrolase for carbohydrates in zona pellucida penetration.</p>

Effects of external use of jiuyi dan for one month on blood and urine mercury levels and liver and kidney functions of rabbits / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the changes of the blood and urine mercury (Hg) levels and liver & kidney functions of rabbits after administration of Jiuyi Dan (calcined gypsum-Sheng Dan 9: 1) for 1 month and the recovery of rabbits after the drug withdrawal.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: the calcined gypsum group and the Jiuyi Dan group. After 36 mg of calcined gypsum and 40 mg of Jiuyi Dan were used on the surface of wound (5 cm x 5 cm) on one side of rabbit back for 4 h, the surfaces of wound were washed by saline. The bloods were taken from the rabbit hearts before and after the drug administration for 14 and 28 days, and after the drug withdrawal for 7, 40, 71, and 92 days for determining Hg level in blood, and liver & kidney function indicators (ALT, AST, CREAT and BUN). The Hg level in urine collected from bladders was examined while rabbits were dissected after the drug withdrawal for 1, 40, 71, and 92 days.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The Hg level in blood was significantly increased (P < 0.01) after the rabbits were administrated with drugs for 14 and 28 days and after the drug treatment was stopped for 7 and 40 days. The Hg level in urine was significantly enhanced after the drug withdrawal for 1, 40, 71 days. However, the liver & kidney indicators were not influenced.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The Hg level in rabbit blood and urine was significantly increased after the consecutive administration of double-dose Jiuyi Dan for 1 month. However, the blood Hg level and urine Hg level recover after the drug withdrawal for 71 days and 3 months, respectively. The liver & kidney indicators do not significantly change with the dose.</p>

Study on different doses of mercury-containing preparations on acute toxicity in rabbits / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of single administration of mercury- containing preparation Jiuyi Dan (calcined gypsum-Shengdan 9: 1) and Shengdan on acute toxicity of rabbits, in order to assess the safety of tested drugs.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups: the calcined gypsum group (excipient control), the Jiuyi Dan group, the 90 mg Shengdan group and the 180 mg Shengdan group. After 270 mg of calcined gypsum, 300 mg of Jiuyi Dan, 90 mg of Shengdan, and 180 mg of Shengdan were used on the surface of wounds (5 cm x 5 cm) on two sides of rabbit back for 5 h, the surfaces of wound were washed by water. The bloods were taken from the rabbit hearts before and after the drug administration for 24 h, 72 h, 7 d and 14 d for determining Hg level in blood and liver & kidney function indicators (ALT, AST, CREAT, and BUN). The rabbits were dissected after the drugs treatment for 14 d, and pathological tests were made for their livers and kidneys.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the calcined gypsum group, the 90 mg Shengdan group and the 180 mg Shengdan group showed significant increase (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), as evidenced by increase in CREAT for 24 h and 72 h and increase in BUN for 24 h and on 7 d. AST is significantly increased as well (P < 0.01) for 24 h and 72 h compared to that of the group before drug treatment. The Hg level in blood was significantly enhanced (P < 0.01) after the rabbits were administrated with drugs for 24 h to 72 h. The pathological changes in livers and kidneys of rabbits were observed in the two doses of Shengdan treatment groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The Hg blood levels were increased significantly in an obvious dose-effect relationship in all drugs treatment groups. Liver & kidney function indicators were influenced by Shengdan treatment to some extent. Meanwhile, pathological changes in rabbit livers and kidneys were also caused by Shengdan, while Jiuyi Dan has no significantly effect on livers and kidneys.</p>