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AIM To evaluate the quality of fifteen varieties of Epimedii Folium from different growing areas.METHODS UPLC-MS/MS was adopted in the content determination of icariin,icariside Ⅰ,icariside Ⅱ,epimedin A,epimedin B,epimedin C,sagittatoside A,sagittatoside B,2"-O-rhamnosylicariside Ⅱ and baohuoside Ⅱ.The analysis of 40％ ethanol extract of Epimedii Folium was performed on a 40 ℃ thermostatic Welch C18 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm,3 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 0.1％ formic acid-acetonitrile flowing at 0.2 mL/min in a gradient elution manner.Then principal component analysis was made.RESULTS Ten constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (r ＞ 0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 97.6％-104.5％ with the RSDs of 1.37％-2.93％.In 46 batches of samples,epimedin C content was the highest,followed by epimedin A content,and icariside Ⅰ content was the lowest.The contents of various constituents showed obvious differences between small-flowered taxa and big-flowered taxa.CONCLUSION This sensitive and rapid method can provide a reference for the development and utilization of Epimedii Folium.
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Objective To investigate the changes of metabolic pathways in the process of immunesuppression in mice caused by cyclophosphamide by metabolomic analysis. Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect the changes of immune cells, and the results were analyzed using partial least squares model. The potential biomarkers were screened by variable importance in projection ( VIP) parameters in the partial least squares model, and the differential metabolites were determined by statistical analysis. The differential metabolites were identified using the metabolomics rapid identification and analysis software. Nine kinds of metabolites were identified by searching and calculation, and result of pathway enrich-ment showed three differential metabolic pathways. Results Cyclophosphamide had a significant effect on the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, metabolism of mitochondrial fatty acids, metabolism of glycophospholipid, biosynthesis of steroid hormones, metabolism of arachidonic acid, metabolism of fatty acids, and the biosynthesis of pyrimidine. Conclusions The most important metabolic pathways affected by cyclophosphamide in the normal body are the metabolism of arachidonic acid, glycophospholipid and pyrimidine.
RESUMO
AIM To evaluate the quality of fifteen varieties of Epimedii Folium from different growing areas.METHODS UPLC-MS/MS was adopted in the content determination of icariin,icariside Ⅰ,icariside Ⅱ,epimedin A,epimedin B,epimedin C,sagittatoside A,sagittatoside B,2"-O-rhamnosylicariside Ⅱ and baohuoside Ⅱ.The analysis of 40％ ethanol extract of Epimedii Folium was performed on a 40 ℃ thermostatic Welch C18 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm,3 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 0.1％ formic acid-acetonitrile flowing at 0.2 mL/min in a gradient elution manner.Then principal component analysis was made.RESULTS Ten constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (r ＞ 0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 97.6％-104.5％ with the RSDs of 1.37％-2.93％.In 46 batches of samples,epimedin C content was the highest,followed by epimedin A content,and icariside Ⅰ content was the lowest.The contents of various constituents showed obvious differences between small-flowered taxa and big-flowered taxa.CONCLUSION This sensitive and rapid method can provide a reference for the development and utilization of Epimedii Folium.
RESUMO
Objective To investigate the changes of metabolic pathways in the process of immunesuppression in mice caused by cyclophosphamide by metabolomic analysis. Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect the changes of immune cells, and the results were analyzed using partial least squares model. The potential biomarkers were screened by variable importance in projection ( VIP) parameters in the partial least squares model, and the differential metabolites were determined by statistical analysis. The differential metabolites were identified using the metabolomics rapid identification and analysis software. Nine kinds of metabolites were identified by searching and calculation, and result of pathway enrich-ment showed three differential metabolic pathways. Results Cyclophosphamide had a significant effect on the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, metabolism of mitochondrial fatty acids, metabolism of glycophospholipid, biosynthesis of steroid hormones, metabolism of arachidonic acid, metabolism of fatty acids, and the biosynthesis of pyrimidine. Conclusions The most important metabolic pathways affected by cyclophosphamide in the normal body are the metabolism of arachidonic acid, glycophospholipid and pyrimidine.