A Dataset on the Dynamic Monitoring of Health and Family Planning of China's Internal Migrants: A Multi-Wave Large-Scale, National Cross-Sectional Survey from 2009 to 2018 / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

This data article presents data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS), a multi-wave, large-scale national cross-sectional survey of China's internal migrants from 2009 to 2018. The CMDS is an annual questionnaire survey conducted by the former National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC) of the People's Republic of China. The respondents included in this survey are internal migrants over 15 years old. The sample was drawn from the China Migrant Population Information System, using multi-stage stratified sampling method and the probability proportional-to-size (PPS) cluster sampling strategy. Between 2009 and 2018, there were 1,527,650 internal migrants from 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions and 4 municipalities participated in the surveys. The survey tools were a series of self-designed questionnaires with high inheritance and consistency designed and implemented by the NHFPC. The questionnaires mainly contain basic information of the respondents and their family members, migration status, healthcare or health behaviors, public health service utilization, social insurance, social integration, and family planning. The dataset is currently the most widely used survey data on China's internal migrants, offering information on migration patterns, healthcare and health behaviors, use of public health services, access to social security, social integration, and family planning, which are valuable for health planning, health decision-making, and health equity research.

Monitoring Value of Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Disease Progression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Prospective Observational Study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Ongoing efforts have been made to identify new neuroimaging markers to track amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) progression. This study aimed to explore the monitoring value of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the disease progression of ALS.@*Methods@#From September 2015 to March 2017, ten patients diagnosed with ALS in Peking Union Medical College Hospital completed head MRI scans at baseline and during follow-up. Multimodal MRI analyses, including gray matter (GM) volume measured by voxel-based morphometry; cerebral blood flow (CBF) evaluated by arterial spin labeling; functional connectivity, including low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), measured by resting-state functional MRI; and integrity of white-matter (WM) fiber tracts evaluated by diffusion tensor imaging, were performed in these patients. Comparisons of imaging metrics were made between baseline and follow-up using paired t-test.@*Results@#In the longitudinal comparisons, the brain structure (GM volume of the right precentral gyri, left postcentral gyri, and right thalami) and perfusion (CBF of the bilateral temporal poles, left precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and right middle temporal gyri) in both motor and extramotor areas at follow-up were impaired to different extents when compared with those at baseline (all P < 0.05, false discovery rate adjusted). Functional connectivity was increased in the motor areas (fALFF of the right precentral gyri and superior frontal gyri, and ReHo of right precentral gyri) and decreased in the extramotor areas (fALFF of the bilateral middle frontal gyri and ReHo of the right precuneus and cingulate gyri) (all P < 0.001, unadjusted). No significant changes were detected in terms of brain WM measures.@*Conclusion@#Multimodal MRI could be used to monitor short-term brain changes in ALS patients.

Design of shelter-tent channel in mobile hospital / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design a channel in the mobile hospital to solve the existing problems.Methods The technical form and characteristics of the existing channel were analyzed,and the requirements of the mobile hospital and channel shelter were considered comprehensively,then the selection of technical form and structure design of the channel shelter was explored from the aspects of airtightness,heat preservation and etc.The feasibility was verified by trial-manufacture and test.Results A shelter-tent channel was designed and the experiments showed its effectiveness when fulfilling the requirements of the mobile hospital.Conclusion The channel gains reasonable and feasible design,and has its performances meeting the desired requirements.

Design of shelter-tent channel in mobile hospital / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design a channel in the mobile hospital to solve the existing problems.Methods The technical form and characteristics of the existing channel were analyzed,and the requirements of the mobile hospital and channel shelter were considered comprehensively,then the selection of technical form and structure design of the channel shelter was explored from the aspects of airtightness,heat preservation and etc.The feasibility was verified by trial-manufacture and test.Results A shelter-tent channel was designed and the experiments showed its effectiveness when fulfilling the requirements of the mobile hospital.Conclusion The channel gains reasonable and feasible design,and has its performances meeting the desired requirements.

Percutaneous Removal of Benign Breast Lesions with an Ultrasound-guided Vacuum-assisted System: Influence Factors in the Hematoma Formation / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To explore the influence factors in hematoma formation after removing benign breast lesions with an ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted system.Methods A total of 232 females with 312 benign breast masses received excisional biopsy with ultrasound- guided vacuum-assisted system. The pathology of patients, Results of hematoma development and outcome, influence factors for hematoma occurrence (nodule size, nodule location, number of nodule, breast shape, menstrual period, efficacy time of bandage, and application of hemostatic agents during the procedure) were recorded.Results Pathologic examination revealed fibroadenomas in 138 lesions, fibroadenosis in 127 lesions, intraductal papillomas in 39 lesions, inflammatory change in 4 lesions, retention cyst of the breast in 3 lesions, and benign phyllodes tumor in 1 lesion. Thirty hematomas were observed in patients (9.6%). Finally, 97.0% hematomas were absorbed completely within 6 months follow-up. The incidence rates of hematoma were increased by 24.7%, 10.0%, 63.2%, 13.9% in the nodule diameter larger or equal to 25 mm group, removal of larger or equal to two nodules once time from one patient group, menstrual period group, and larger and loose breast group, respectively (all P<0.05). However, the incidences were decreased by 60.6% in the bandage performed for 12-24 hours or beyond 24 hours group (P<0.05). The multiple logistic regression models revealed that nodule size (χ=15.227, P<0.001), number of nodule (χ=7.767, P=0.005), menstrual period (χ=24.530, P<0.001), and breast shape (χ=9.559, P=0.002) were independent risk factors associated with hematoma occurrence, but efficacy time of bandage was a protective factor associated with hematoma occurrence.Conclusion The occurrence of hematoma after the minimally invasive operation was associated with nodule size, number of nodule, menstrual period, breast shape, and efficacy time of bandage.

Clinical Value of Ultrasonography in Diagnosing Diffuse Thyroid Diseases Accompanied with Suspicious Nodules / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography for diffuse thyroid disease accompanied with suspicious nodules.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 148 patients with diffuse thyroid diseases accompanied with suspicious nodules underwent both ultrasonography and ultrasound-guided biopsy, and the results were analyzed and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among these 148 patients, 44 had Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 104 had Graves'disease. Totally 151 suspicious lesions were detected by ultrasonography, among which 48 lesions were pathologically confirmed to be benign and 103 malignant. Thirteen malignant lesions were diagnosed as benign by pre-operative ultrasonography, which were confirmed to be malignant after the surgical resection due to other suspected or confirmed malignant lesions. The detection rate of diffuse thyroid disease accompanied with thyroid cancer by per-operative ultrasound was 68.21%, and the misdiagnosis rate was 31.79%. The gender of patients(P=0.36), number of nodules(P=0.08), and blood flow types in lesions(P=0.080) had no significant difference between the benign and malignant groups, whereas internal echo(P=0.040), margin(P=0.000), shape(P=0.001), and calcification features(P=0.000)showed significant differences. Up to 80.74% of the lesions with hyperechoic calcification were malignant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Gray-scale sonographic features are helpful for the differential diagnosis of nodules in patients with diffuse thyroid diseases. Nodules in the isthmus and those accompanied with multiple nodules should be noticed.</p>

Study on real-time probe technique detecting mtDNA 11778 point mutation in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy patients / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Although Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and optic neuritis have different causes and managements,their clinical manifestations are difficult to be distinguished.Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RTFQ-PCR) is a high flux,simple,rapid and specific detecting technology,so establishing a specific diagnosis method of LHON with RTFQ-PCR has a practical significance.Objective Purpose of the present study was to establish a real-time Taqman probe for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)11778G＞A mutation in LHON patients.Methods Primers and Taqman probe for mtDNA 11778G＞A mutation were designed based on mtDNA complete geneme.Eighty-four patients with LHON were selected from the LHON DNA bank of Molecular Biology Laboratory,Henan Eye Institute,and 40 normal physical examinees aged 18-20 years were from Henan People's Hospital.2 ml of periphery blood was collected from each individual.Based on the double-blindness principle,mtDNA 11778G＞A mutation was tested by both Taqman probe and sequencing to check the reliability of real-time Taqman probe.Results The mtDNA 11778G＞A mutation was found in 23 out of 84 patients,and 61 showed a negative result by the technique of real-time Taqman probe.The Ct values of 23 patients with mtDNA 11778G＞A mutation were 22.993 ±0.708,but those of 5 normal controls were 0.These findings showed a consistent rate of 100％ with the sequencing results.In addition,both the false positive rate and the false negative rate were zero.Conclusions Real-time Taqman probe technique is an accurate,convenient,sensitive,specific and intuitionistic method for the diagnosis of mtDNA 11778G＞A mutation in LHON patients.It is feasible and suitable to screen the LHON patients with mtDNA 11778G＞A mutation in a large scale.

Clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome with inferior vena cava obstruction / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome with inferior vena cava (IVC) obstruction.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A total of 38 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome with IVC obstruction were examined by CEUS before and after vascular interventional management, and the results were compared with angiographic findings.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The location and degree of IVC obstruction were clearly showed on CEUS. Enhancement was found in the occlusion site, and blood flow was narrowed at the stenosis site. The arrival time was earlier after treatment in the IVC obstruction, and it was positively correlated with the pressure of IVC( P< 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The location and type of the occlusion and stenosis in IVC can be accurately determined by CEUS. Therefore, CEUS can provide useful information for the selection of surgical procedures and post-operative effectiveness.</p>

A preliminary study of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in benign prostatic hyperplasia / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze and evaluate the characteristics of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight BPH patients confirmed by transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Contrast pulse sequencing technique (CPS) and quantitative software-ACQ were used, and the parameters of beginning enhancement time, disappearing and transit time and peak intensity (PI) of the inner gland and outer gland were recorded and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prostate was rich with blood and enhanced significantly on contrast-enhanced ultrasound. The beginning enhancement time of the prostatic inner gland, especially the area around the urethra, was much earlier than that of the outer gland, (26.68 +/- 3.76) and (31.24 +/- 5.33) s, respectively (P = 0.000). The contrast disappeared later in the inner gland than in the outer gland, (200.68 +/- 59.40) and (157.56 +/- 50.66) s, respectively (P = 0.000). The transit time of the contrast in the inner gland was much longer than in the outer gland, (173.94 +/- 60.14) and (129.21 +/- 56.91) s, respectively (P = 0.000). PI of the inner gland was much higher than that of the outer gland, (90.45 +/- 42.19) and (65.32 +/- 25.15) dB, respectively (P = 0.000).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Contrast-enhanced ultrasound makes it possible to continuously observe the blood perfusion process of BPH, and promises to be an effective means for observing the blood supply in BPH.</p>

Clinical study on the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome with small-dose ranitidine and diphenoxylate compositae / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of small-dose ranitidine hydrochloride and diphenoxy- late compositae in the combined treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(D-IBS).Methods A prospective,randomized controlled clinical trial was designed.150 D-IBS patients according to RomeⅡcriteria were randomly divided into combined treatment group and control group.The combined treatment group(74 patients)re- ceived ranitidine hydrochloride,0.15g,each evening and diphenoxylate compositae,1 piece,each evening.The control group(76 patients)received diphenoxylate compositae,1 piece,rid.This study consisted of a 2-week baseline period, a 3-week treatment period,followed by a 2-week follow-up period.The main efficacy variable was assessed by per- ception of overall symptom during the previous weeks.Secondary efficacy variables included severity of diarrhea,ab- dominal pain and distention and other symptoms.Results After treatment of 3 weeks,the efficacy of the combined treatment group was better than that of the control group(x~2=5.10,P