Fracturas de la base del quinto metatarsiano: ¿es útil mi tornillo de esponjosa con rosca parcial? Experiencia de 10 años / Fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone: is my partially-threaded cancellous screw useful? 10-year experience

OBJETIVO Evaluar el resultado quirúrgico de fracturas de las zonas 2 y 3 de la base del quinto metatarsiano usando tornillos de esponjosa de diámetro de 4,0 mm con rosca parcial. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS Evaluación retrospectiva de pacientes operados entre 2010 a 2019. Incluimos todos los casos sintetizados con este dispositivo con seguimiento mínimo de tresmeses, y excluimos casos operados con otros dispositivos y seguimiento menor a tres meses. Evaluamos la consolidació n y la presencia de complicaciones. Determinamos el largo del tornillo, el diámetro del canal endomedular, la distancia entre el borde proximal de la tuberosidad y la fractura, y la distancia de paso de la rosca sobre el rasgo de la fractura en radiografías anteroposterior (AP) y oblicua del pie. RESULTADOS Evaluamos 39 casos, y la muestra tenía una edad promedio de 27 años, y predominio del sexo masculino. El largo de tornillo más usado fue el de 45 mm, y los diámetros promedios del canal endomedular medidos en las radiografías AP y oblicua fueron de 4,6 mm y 3,96 mm, respectivamente. La distancia del borde de la tuberosidad hasta la fractura fue de 25,8 mm, y la distancia de paso de la rosca sobre el rasgo de la fractura fue en promedio de 24 mm. Hubo 100% de consolidación, en un promedio de 9,4 semanas, y 3 casos de retardo de consolidación, 2 de retroceso de tornillo, 1 de rosca intrafoco, y 1 de fractura cortical superior. No hubo retiros de tornillos a la fecha. DISCUSION No existe consenso respecto al tornillo ideal. La literatura internacional recomienda dispositivos intramedulares de diámetro de al menos 4,5 mm. Existen pocos reportes del uso de tornillos de diámetro de 4,0 mm. CONCLUSIONES El tornillo de esponjosa de diámetro de 4,0 mm con rosca parcial es una alternativa eficaz, segura y con baja tasa de complicaciones para el manejo de estas fracturas en nuestra población.

OBJETIVE To evaluate the surgical result of zone-2 and -3 fractures of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone using partially-threaded cancellous screws with a diameter of 4.0 mm. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective evaluation of patients submitted to surgery between 2010 and 2019. We included all of the cases synthesized with this device with a minimum follow-up of three months, and excluded the cases operated on with other devices and follow-up shorter than three months. We evaluated the consolidation and the presence of complications, and determined, screw length, diameter of the endomedullary canal, the distance between the proximal edge of tuberosity and the fracture, and thread pitch over the fracture line on anteroposterior (AP) and oblique radiographs. RESULTS We evaluated 39 cases, and the sample had an average age of 27 years and male predominance. The most used screw length was 45 mm, and the average diameters of the medullary canal measured on the AP and oblique radiographs were of 4.6 mm and 3.96 mm respectively. The distance from the edge of the tuberosity to the fracture was of 25.8 mm, and the thread pitch over the fracture line was on average 24 mm. The rate of consolidation was of 100%, occurring in an average of 9.4 weeks, and there were 3 cases of consolidation delay, 2 of screw recoil, 1 of intrafocus thread, and 1 of superior cortex fracture. To date, there have been no cases of screw removal. DISCUSSION There is no consensus regarding the ideal screw. The international literature recommends intramedullary devices with a diameter of at least 4.5 mm. There are few reports of the use of screws with 4.0 mm in diameter. CONCLUSIONS The partially-threaded cancellous screw with a diameter of 4.0 mm is an effective and safe option, with a low complication rate for the management of these fractures.

Clinical application of near-infrared fluorescence positive imaging combined with intraoperative rapid PTH determination in parathyroid identification and functional protection / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and clinical significance of near-infrared fluorescence positive imaging combined with intraoperative rapid parathyroid hormone (PTH) determination in identification and function protection of the parathyroid gland during thyroidectomy.Methods:According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients in the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, who needed bilateral thyroidecto-my and central lymph node dissection due to suspected bilateral thyroid cancer from Mar. 2020 to Oct. 2020 were selected for a prospective clinical study. They were randomly divided into the study group (near-infrared fluorescence positive imaging combined with intraoperative rapid PTH determination) and the control group (intraoperative experience identification) . The number of parathyroid glands found during operation, PTH before and after the operation, blood calcium, blood phosphorus, the presence of parathyroid tissues in routine pathological section examinations, and postoperative symptoms were collected. SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used for analysis, the measurement data were expressed by mean±standard deviation ( ± s) , t test was used for comparison between groups, and χ2 test was used for counting date. Results:In the study group of 33 cases, 135 suspicious parathyroid glands were exhibited during operation, with an average of (4.09±0.52) ; Hand and foot numbness occurred in 1 case (3.03%) ; On the 1st after the operation, PTH was (23.68±9.48) ng/L. In the control group of 31 cases, 109 parathyroid glands were identified by naked eyes, with an average of (3.52±0.63) ; Hand and foot numbness occurred in 6 cases (19.35%) ; On the 1st after the operation, PTH was (17.93±11.58) ng/L. The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . But no statistical significance was found in operation duration (79.45±30.18) min, postoperative hospitalization days (5.85±2.27) days, PTH (27.10±9.80, 33.08±10.21) ng/L, blood calcium (2.11±0.10,2.25±0.09) mmol/L, and blood phosphorus (1.20±0.20,1.15±0.12) mmol/L on the 3rd day and the 6th month after the operation. Conclusion:Near-infrared fluorescence positive imaging combined with intraoperative rapid PTH determination can improve the recognition rate of the parathyroid gland and reduce postoperative complications, which is a safe, effective and rapid method for intraoperative parathyroid gland recognition.

A Study to Evaluate Clinical and Bacteriological Profile and the Effect of the Treatment to Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients Both in Outpatient and Hospitalized Settings in a Newly Set Up Diabetic Foot Care Unit.

The problem of diabetes continues to explode in our country today. India now has the dubious distinction of being called, “the diabetic capital of the world”. Diabetic foot ulcerations & infections are one of the leading causes of mortality & morbidity from diabetes. It is the most expensive complication of diabetes & the leading cause of hospitalization when compared to other complication of diabetes. The number of cases & problems associated with diabetic foot infection have dramatically increased in the recent years. In rural Bengal, the problem is grave as detection and treatment initiation is very late.METHODSA prospective observational study was conducted in Medicine & Surgery OPD and IPD of Bankura Sammilani Medical College for twenty weeks. Baseline characteristic were noted, ulcer classification was done followed by swab culture, debridement and antimicrobial therapy. Then outcome was observed.RESULTSMaximum patients were aged between 38 to 58 years, were male and were Wagner 1-3 classification. From culture report S. aureus was predominant followed by Enterobacteriaceae group and anaerobes. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination was the most effective antibiotic followed by amikacin. Treatment was satisfactory with dressing, debridement and appropriate antibiotic.CONCLUSIONSS. aureus, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli & Anaerobes were the most common causes of diabetic foot infections in my study, and were sensitive to the conventional antibiotics indicating that there is no evidence to suggest significant resistance to these antibiotics. Hence, their empirical usage, either oral or injectable (depending on the type of foot ulcer) is justified. Proper education regarding footwear & foot care is strongly recommended in such patients.

Stature estimation from percutaneous length of ulna

Introduction: Height plays a vital role in establishing the identity of an individual. Anatomically, it is a linearcomposite of skull, vertebral column, pelvis and legs and is measured from vertex to foot. Many instances wheredirect measurement of height is impossible, necessitates an alternative methodology.Aim: As height is directly proportional to the length of long bones, my present study aims at deriving a regressionequation between height and percutaneous length of ulna in gender specific south Indian adolescent population.Materials and Methods: A total of 153 subjects (76 male and 77 female) with age span of 20 – 22 years wereincluded in this study. Length of ulna was measured using sliding Vernier caliper and height by standard heightmeasuring instrument for all subjects.Results:The findings of the study indicated significant differences of the ulna length between the genders. Apositive correlation between height and ulna length was observed in both sexes and it was statistically significant.Regression equations for stature estimation were formulated using the ulna lengths for both males and females.Conclusion: The ulna length provides an accurate and reliable means in estimating the height of an individual.The regression formulae proposed in this study will be useful for clinicians, anatomists, archeologists,anthropologists and forensic scientists when such evidence provides the investigator the only opportunity togauge that aspect of an individual’s physical description

Nerve Conduction Study In Different Clinical Grades Of Diabetic Foot

Background:Diabetic neuropathy is one of the commonest late complications of diabetes. Diabetic neuropathy can be either peripheral or autonomic. Nerve conduction study (NCS) is the recording and measurement of the compound nerve and muscle action potentials elicited in response to an electrical stimulus. Currently, the principal uses of NCV(Nerve Conduction velocity) study are to evaluate paresthesias (numbness, tingling, burning) and /or weakness of arms or legs.Methods:All patients diagnosed as diabetic foot were sent for Nerve Conduction Study after obtaining their written informed consent. Three nerves were studied; two motor nerves, Common peroneal and Tibial nerves, and one purely sensory nerve, Sural nerve.Results:Mixed type neuropathy with bilateral lower limb involvement was the most common type encountered.Interpretation and Conclusion:Mixed type of neuropathy was the most common in my study with respect to sensory and motor types of neuropathy; and also axonal and demyelinating types of neuropathy.Number of patients with bilateral neuropathy detected by NCVstudy in my study is more than that detected clinically and the difference is significant by applying the test of significance. Hence, NCVis a better study to detect nerve conduction abnormalities than clinical examination in diabetic foot

Analysis on pathogeny and clinical of encephalitis and meningitis syndrome in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To understand the clinical features and pathogenic spectrum of encephalitis and menin﹣gitis syndrome in children. Methods A total of 667 cases of children with encephalitis or meningitis diagnosed and documented at Changchun Children′s Hospital from May 2012 to July 2015 were enrolled. A variety of samples in diffe﹣rent types were collected and presented,including 335 cerebrospinal fluid specimens,530 blood samples,and 332 stool samples. All the samples were collected from the patients within 72 hours on admission. Moreover,these samples are analyzed and tested,including PCR for enterovirus(EV),herpesvirus(HSV),mycobacterium tuberculosis( TB)and My﹣coplasma pneumoniae(MP)nucleic acid in cerebrospinal fluid samples;fecal specimens were tested for EV,enterovirus 71(EV71),coxsackievirus A6(CA6),coxsackievirus A16(CVA16),coxsackievirus A10( CVA10)nucleic acids;degenerate primers to amplify Echovirus 30(Echo30). Clinical data of children were collected. Results The peak in﹣cidence of encephalitis and meningitis syndrome was from June to August,age distribution was from 0 to 15 years old, the proportion of children aged from 0－6 accounted for 81. 41﹪;the highest proportion was among 0－1 years old in﹣fants,occupying 32. 38﹪;408 males and 259 females;the main symptoms were fever(586 cases),apathy(337 ca﹣ses),vomiting(307 cases)and headache(203 cases). And clinical signs included drowsiness(103 cases),neck stiff﹣ness(71 cases),meningeal irritation(12 cases),and pathological reflex( 313 cases),etc. The clinical diagnosis included 272 cases of viral encephalitis,332 cases of severe hand,foot and mouth disease complicated by encephalitis, 30 cases of bacterial meningitis,and 33 other cases;the etiological detection included:the positive rates of EV,EBV and Echo30 in cerebrospinal fluid specimens were 59. 72﹪,3. 16﹪ and 70. 00﹪,respectively. And EV71,CVA16,CVA6, EV71+CA16 and EV71+CVA16+CVA6 nucleic acids were detected in fecal samples,in which the highest detection rate was EV71(98. 96﹪). Conclusions In Changchun Children′s Hospital,the children with encephalitis and menin﹣gitis are mainly viral encephalitis. The main symptoms were fever,apathetic,drowsiness,vomiting and headache. Signs included,neck stiffness,meningeal irritation,and pathological reflexes,etc. The main pathogen of the disease is EV71.

The clinical application value of myocardial enzymes and high sensitivity cardiac troponin T in the diagnosis of myocardial injury for children with hand foot mouth disease / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical application value of muscle enzymes and high sensitivity cardi-ac troponin T(hs-cTnT)in children with hand foot mouth disease complicated with myocardial injury.Meth-ods 100 children with hand foot mouth disease admitted to the hospital from April 2016 to January 2017 were divided into ECG normal group(n= 40)and ECG abnormal group(n= 60)by electrocardiography.At the same time,50 healthy people were selected as the research group to compare the serum concentration and myo-cardial enzyme index of myocardial enzyme(CK-MB),creatine kinase(CK),α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and high sensitivity cardiac troponin T(hs-cTnT)in three groups.The hs-cTnT and the indexes of myocardial enzymes in acute and re-covery stages of abnormal electrocardiogram for children with hand foot mouth disease were compared.Results The indicators of CK-MB,CK,α-HBDH,LDH,AST and hs-cTnT,etc.in the ECG abnormal group of hand foot mouth disease were significantly higher than those of ECG normal group and control group.The differ-ence was statistically significant(P<0.05).The indicators of CK-MB,CK,α-HBDH,LDH,AST and hs-cT-nT,etc.in the ECG normal group of hand foot mouth disease were significantly higher than those of control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The abnormal rate for the indicators of CK-MB, CK,α-HBDH,LDH,AST and hs-cTnT,etc.In the ECG abnormal group of hand foot mouth disease were sig-nificantly higher than those of ECG normal group and normal control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The indicators of CK-MB,CK,α-HBDH,LDH,AST and hs-cTnT,etc.Of hand foot mouth disease ECG abnormal group in acute stage were significantly higher than those of recovery stage.The difference was statistically significant(P< 0.05).Conclusion One of the serious complications in children with hand foot and mouth disease is myocardial injury.It is of great clinical value to monitor hs-cTnT and my-ocardial enzymes in the diagnosis of the disease.

Christiane Dosne de Pasqualini, su trayectoria personal y científica / Christiane Dosne de Pasqualini his personal and scientific career

Christian Dosne de Pasqualini es una figura importante de la investigación científica en la Argentina dentro del área de la oncología experimental y de la inmunología. Nacida en las cercanías de Paris en 1920, creció en el Canada, estudió en la Universidad McGill y realizó su tesis doctoral con el Dr Hans Selye, investigador que describió el fenómeno de "stress" en Biología. Llegó a la Argentina en 1942 atraída por su deseo de trabajar con el Profesor Bernardo Houssay. En la Argentina desarrolló una importante tarea de investigación dentro de la Academia de Medicina y del CONICET. Este trabajo presenta una visión personal y quizás sesgada sobre su trayectoria. Se analiza el impacto del recorrido personal y científico de esta extraordinaria mujer sobre generaciones de jóvenes investigadores

Christiane Dosne Pasqualini is a key player in the development of scientific research In Argentina. Her field of study covers experimental oncology and immunology. She was born in Saint Denis, near Paris, France in 1920. She grew up in Canada, went to college in McGill University and got her doctoral degree under the direction of Dr Hans Selye, who described the characteristics of "stress". As a research fellow, she set foot in Argentina in 1942, attracted by a publication of Dr Bernardo Houssay. In Argentina she performed her research work in the laboratories of the National Academy of Medicine (Academia Nacional de Medicina) as a member of the National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET). The present article represents my personal and perhaps biased vision of her life story. The impact of the personal and scientific achievements of this extraordinary woman on many generations of investigators is analyzed.

"A liberdade é azul", mas está no vermelho: blue", but the color of freedom seems to be in the red / "Three colors

Dinheiro é excitante. Dinheiro é sexo. Dinheiro é liberdade. Comprar é excitante. É erótico. Armadilha. Nem toda soma de dinheiro é capital. O dinheiro torna-se capital no modo de produção capitalista. Assim a mercadoria também torna mercadoria-capital. Entender a mais-valia. O artista vive no azul da liberdade e no vermelho das dívidas. E das dúvidas. Necessidade de esclarecimentos. Estudo. Capital humano. Psicanálise, Ciência, Cabala, Teatro, Amor, Poesia, Humor. Muito humor para suportar as vozes dissonantes. O artista busca diálogo. Diálogo com seu Eu e com o Outro. Erotiza a vida e a vida o erotiza. É livre com ou sem dinheiro. Mas com dinheiro ele é mais livre. "O dinheiro não é tudo. Mas quando você tem muito dinheiro pelo menos ninguém chama: Hei, você aí!", Millôr Fernandes.

Money is exciting. Money is sex. Money is freedom. Buying is exciting. It is erotic. It is a trap. Not all sum of money is capital. Money becomes capital in the capitalism. This way goods also become capitalgoods. Understanding the surplus value. The artist, always in the red, has an account in the black when the topic is freedom. Full of doubts, the artist needs enlightening. Studying. Human capital. Psychoanalysis, Science, Cabala, Theater, Love, Poetry, Humor. A lot of humor to handle the dissonant voices. The artist seeks dialogue. A dialogue between the Self and the Other. He eroticizes life and it is eroticized by it. He is free with or without money. But he has more freedom with money. "Money isn't everything. But when you have a lot of it no one calls you: 'Hey, you there!'", Millôr Fernandes.

Doctor, I sprained my ankle

Ankle sprains constitute the majority of ankle injuries, and result in pain, limited mobility/exercise and loss of school/work days. Ankle sprains involve at least one of the ankle ligaments and range from a micro tear to complete tear of the ligament or group of ligaments. The most common mechanism of ankle sprains is inversion stress of a plantar-flexed foot, while the most frequently injured ligament is the anterior talofibular ligament. The attending clinician needs to stratify the risk of fracture through history-taking and physical examination, manage the pain, assess long‑term complications and provide certification for rest and recovery. The Ottawa ankle rules may be useful. Graduated exercises to maintain the ankle's range of motion should be started early, after the resolution of initial pain and swelling. The risk of recurrent ankle injuries is often a combination of both mechanical and functional disabilities.

Preliminary report of dosage-escalated sorafenib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of dosage-escalated sorafenib in pa-tients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Methods Twelve male patients and 4 female patients with median age of 53 (37-71 years) were included in this study. They were with refractory meta-static renal-clear-cell carcinoma and received sorafenib from 800 mg/d to 1200mg/d or 1800 mg/d gradually until intolerable or disease progression occurred. Overall response rate, toxicity and progres-sion free survival (PFS) were recorded and analyzed. Results The median follow-up was 11 months (9-16 months). The overall rate of objective response and disease control rate were 44%(7/16)and 81%(13/16), respectively. Serious adverse effects (≥Grade Ⅲ) included hand-foot skin reaction (25%, 4/16), mucositis (19%, 3/16), diarrhea (19%, 3/16), hypertension (12%, 2/16) and my-elosuppression (12%, 2/16). PFS for high risk patient was 9.2 months at the end of this study. Conclusions The dosage-escalated sorafenib could obtain a high response rate and prolong PFS of high-risk patients. The toxicities are tolerable for metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with sorafenib.

Caudal anesthesia in pediatric surgical practice.

Prospective study was carried out on 100 patients since May 2005 in my private practice and in the department of pediatric surgery of MMCH. Under caudal anesthesia along with or without ketaminie induction and gas inhalation all the patients underwent different surgical procedure namely anorectal surgery (eg. anoplasty, rectal polyp), urogenital surgery (Circumcision, hypospadias, meatotomy), groin surgery (hernia, hydrocele) and foot & leg surgery. Calculated dose schedule of drugs used in anesthesia and volume were maintained. Time of giving anesthesia and time of starting analgesia were recorded. Per-operative and postoperative analgesia were evaluated. Every parent was explained regarding the merit of caudal anesthesia calculated and compared with that of general anesthesia. Application of caudal anesthesia with or without ketamine & diazepam induction can be used safely and cost effectively and may be put into protocol in many of the pediatric surgical practice both in institute and also in private practice.

Resection of metatarsal head for treatment of resistant non ischaemic neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers: a prospective comparative study of 40 patients

The aim of my study is to assess the surgical technique of metatarsal head excision as an initial step in the treatment of non ischaemic neuropathic trophic foot ulcers of diabetic patients and to compare it with the non operative conservative treatment lines as regard rate of wound healing, postoperative complications and the development of new or recurrent ulcers and the incidence of major amputations during the period of the study. Forty diabetic patients with non ischaemic neuropathic foot ulcers were enrolled during this study. The patients were divided into 2 equal groups. All the patients were assessed clinically, full laboratory investigations, all had palpable peripheral pulses and clinically non infected trophic ulcers on the sole of the foot. Group A patients weod of 14.6 months which is statistically significantly less than group [B] patients at a percentage 33% with a mean fellow up period of 5 months. Metatarsal head excision for neuropathic diabetic foot ulcer would be advocated as a method of treatment as this technique is safe, facilitates closure of the lesion, helps to control infection and prevents countless and costly amputations

Subjective Symptoms on Fatigue in Hospital Nurses / 간호학회지

The purpose of this study was to get some basic data for health care for working women, especially for hospital nurses. the number of subjects was 796 nurses from one general hospital and four private educational hospitals. The data were collected from February to April, 1988 using the questionnaire "Symptom Table on fatigue Perception" designed by the Research Committee of Industrial Fatigue in Hygienic Association of Japan Industry. The collected data were analyzed using means and standard deviations for the subjective symptoms of fatigue and each item as an independent variable was analyzed by T-test and ANOVA test. The results are as follows: 1) The mean score for degree of fatigue was 1.89 and the degree of fatigue for physical symptoms had highest score of 2.04, the next was psychological symptoms at 1.89, and euro-sensory symptoms were the lowest ar 1.74. Among the fatigue symptoms, the item scored most frequently was "Legs feel heavy" with a mean score of 2.40 and the least frequent item was "My hand and foot trembled" with a mean score of 1.40/. 2) With the respect to the general characteristics of subjects, there were statistically significant difference according to age(F=17.039, p=.000), state of marriage(t=5.381, p=.000) presence of children(t=5.134, p=.000), clinical experience(F=16.663, p=.000), present position(F=12.598, p=.000), duty time(F=9.068, p=.000), monthly wages(F=7.361, p=.000), satisfaction about the pay and treatment at work(t=-5.511, p=.000), relation the doctors(t=-4.593, p=.000)

Clinical Effects of Tokaku-joki-to (Tao-He-Cheng-Qi-Tang) Extract / 日本東洋医学雑誌

With recent changes in the structure of society, the pathology of diseases is also changing, which includes an increase in Kampo diagnosis of Tokaku-joki-to. This formulation is now frequently used in my clinic too. I studied the clinical effect of the extract of this formulation in 125 evaluable patients (12 males and 113 females) out of 183 patients who received the extract of this formulation from January to October 1992 on an outpatient basis.<br>The success rates, when shown in the order of the number of patients, were 82% in dysmenorrhea, 74% in hypermenorrhea, 69% in signs and symptoms associated with hypertension, 72% in climacteric disorder, 59% in lumbago, 55% in hot flash with cold feeling of foot, 55% in irregular menstruation, 38% in chloasma, 60% in acne, 57% in hemorrhoid, and 60% in atopic dermatitis. Other disorders included vulvular contusion, prostatic hypertrophy, and sequela of cerebral thrombosis.<br>According to the instructions and the herb components described in the classics (Toueki, this formulation is considered to be effective for Kigyaku (rush of blood to the head) such as anxiety and feelings of heat on the upper body and cold on the lower body. I believe this formulation can be widely applied to disorders caused by problems in modern society, such as a stressful life-style, palatable food, lack of exercise and constipation.

A Study of Finger Prints in Normal Korean People / 대한피부과학회지

The skin in the palmar and plantar surface of the human hand and foot is corrugated with narrow ridges; the ridges form definite local designs o the terminal segments of digits and in consistant sites on the palm and sole. Dermatoglyphics collectively means the features of epidermal ridges and the study of these ridges as well as the pattems formed by them, and is useful in personal identification, twin identification, human biology, syudies of genetics and diagnosis of some diseases. Two thougand normal Koreans(1,000 males and 1,000 females) were examined forpattem type of finger prints to establish the dermatoglyphics of the Korean perple, and the following results were obtained. Men had whorls 49.89%, ulnar loops 44.53%, radial loops 3.10%, arches 2.49%; women had whorls 43.42%, ulnar loops 51.16% radial loops 2.24%, arches 3.20%. On the average, whorls were present 46.65%, ulnar loops 47.83%, radial loops. 2.68% and arches 2.84. Pattem intensity (the number of triadii per individual) was 14.381. Of all the men and women examined, 16.65% and 14.89% respectively had pattems of the same type(whorls, loops, arches) on all ten fingers. Of those men. 10.55% had only whorls, 6.0% only loops. In my test group, 15,78% had 10 pattems of the same type, 16.01% had 9 pattems of the same type and 20.57% had 9 pattems of the same type. Only 8.17% bore pattems of all main 3 types. Monomorphic hands of which all 5 fingers bore the same pattem type were 27.79% of Rt hands and 26.93% of Lt hands. In compatison of couplets composed of homologous fingers, the approximate incidences of symmetry in single figers ranged from 73% to 82%. Symmetry in individuals was complete in 32.99% and the diminishing frequencies of unlike pattem types on one, two, three, four and five digital couplets were, respectively:37.29%, 21.02%, 7.57%, 1.07% and 0.05%