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Objective:To investigate the safety and dose of 4D template (real-time adjustable angle template) in the treatment of advanced malignant tumors with 125I seeds. Methods:98 patients with advanced malignant tumors admitted to Department of Thoracic Surgery of Shaanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital were treated with 4D template-navigated radioactive 125I seed implantation from June 2018 to December 2019. Preoperative TPS plan, intraoperative optimization, postoperative verification of immediate dose and postoperative evaluation of implantation dose were performed. The treatment results were observed. Results:All 98 patients completed the seed implantation. The implantation dose of GTV of implantation site receiving external irradiation was (12 489±414) cGy and the dose of no external irradiation was (15 036±514) cGy. V 100% was 84.7%-94.1%, and 88.2%-93.7%. The implantation dose of CTV was (7 450±621) cGy, and (9 080±761) cGy. The quality of dose implantation was evaluated as: excellent in 89 cases (91%, 89/98), good in 7 cases (7%, 7/98), fair in 2 cases (2%, 2/98), and poor in 0 case, respectively. The symptom relief rate of patients with pain was 92%(36/39). The 1-and 2-year local control rates were 61%, 36% and 82%, 54% in patients treated with and without external irradiation, respectively. The difference was statistically significant ( P=0.02). The incidence rates of pneumothorax and hemoptysis were 19%(9/48) and 10%(5/48). No corresponding complications were observed in other parts of the patients. Conclusion:4D template-assisted 125I seed therapy is safe and effective for malignant tumors, and intraoperative adjustment of needle angle and dose optimization can realize the precise control of implantation dose.
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Objective:To investigate the relationship between dosimetric parameters and tumor volume change after 125I implantation for thyroid cancer and obtain better dosimetric parameters that predict the curative effect more accurately. Methods:A total of 22 consecutive patients with thyroid cancer (23 targets) who received 125I interstitial brachytherapy in Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients received post-operative dose verification, and the D 90 (Minimum dose received by 90% target volume) was calculated. After a regular follow-up, the tumor volume reduction ratio after t months (R t) , actual absorbed dose (D 1m) , efficacy corrected absorbed dose (D 1e) , and sensitivity corrected absorbed dose (D 1s) of the first month were calculated according to the actual follow-up CT images. The statistical test was carried out by SPSS21.0. The Spearman linear analysis was applied to analyze the relationship between D 90, D 1m, D 1e, D 1s and R t, and the curve fitting was also completed. Results:The post-operative D 90, D 1m, D 1e, D 1s and R t were (129.73±14.22) Gy, (36.95±7.35) Gy, (43.45±11.32) Gy, (41.78±13.39) Gy, and (32.00±19.00) %, respectively. And the correlation coefficient were 0.692, 0.551, 0.728, and 0.858, respectively, which showed significant positive relevance between dosimetric parameters and tumor volume change ( P<0.01) , the curve fitting presented cubic function. Conclusion:The post-operative D 90, D 1m, D 1e, and D 1s can be predictors for curative effect, and D 1s is the best predictor.
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Objective:To study the radiation dose rate and effective dose in ambient environment due to 125I seed implantation in the treatment of the patients suffering abdominal and pelvic tumors, so as to provide reference for occupational protection of different groups. Methods:Within 24 hours after operation, the radiation dose rate to 42 patients with abdominal and pelvic tumor with 125I seed implantation was monitored by using pocket dosimeter. The relationships between the total activity in the implanted particles and the measured dose rate, as well as between the implanted depth and the dose rate under the standard activity, were obtained by curve fitting. According to the formula, the relationship between the dose rate and the warning time was calculated. Results:The dose rates at 30 cm, 50 cm and 100 cm of vertical particle implantation site were (6.92±2.87), (4.10±1.62) and (1.30±0.48) μSv/h, respectively ( χ2=73.71, P<0.05). The dose rates on the left and right sides were (0.378±0.156) and (0.384±0.153) μSv/h at 30 cm, (0.170±0.089) and (0.17±0.086) μSv/h at 50 cm, (0.039 ±0.014) and (0.043±0.017) μSv/h at 100 cm, respectively ( χ2=76.19, 76.33, P<0.05). There was a linear relationship between the dose rate at the vertical particle implantation site and the total activity in the implanted particles, and between the dose rate and the implantation depth under the standard activity. The relationship between the warning time and the dose rate to adults in the same bed, co-workers, minors in the same bed and pregnant women were as follows: t ( d)=-106.616+ 83.779ln D( t), t ( d)=26.556+ 85.933ln D ( t), t( d)=3.088+ 85.017ln D( t). Conclusions:After 125I seed implantation, the radiation dose in the ambient environment is low, ensuring the radiation safety; and the measured dose rate decreases with the decrease in the total activity in the implanted particle and the increase in the implantation depth; at the same time, the warning time for different groups is calculated according to the measured dose rate or the total activity in the implanted particle and the depth of the implanted particle, so as to carry out individualized protection.
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Objective:To investigate the impacts of the composition and physical density of tissue on the dose distribution of implanted 125I seeds, in order to provide references for the clinical dose calculation and assessment of implanted radioactive particles. Methods:The OncoSeed 6711 physical model of 125I seeds was established using thes of twareegs_brachy and was validated through the calculation of dose rate constant and the radial dose function [ g( r)] in water. Then, based on the element composition and physical density of different types of tissue, the g( r) and absorbed dose ratein water, prostate, breast, muscle, and bone were calculated. Results:The calculated dose rate constant (0.950 cGy·h -1·U -1) and g( r)in water approached the values in related literature. The absorbed dose in bone was 6.042 times than that in water at a distance of 0.05 cm from the implanted source. The difference between the absorbed doses in breast and water was more than 10% at a distance of less than 1.7 cm from the implanted source. The difference between the absorbed doses in prostate/muscle and water was less than 5% at the same radial location. Conclusions:The dose distribution of 125I seeds in some types of human tissue is significantly different from that in water, which should be carefully considered in clinical dose calculation.
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Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma is relatively uncommon. Leiomyosarcoma has accounted for about 5%-10% of soft-tissue sarcoma, and 1/2–2/3 of the primary lesions were retroperitoneal, with a cumulative 5-year survival rate of only 35%.Leiomyosarcoma is one kind of soft-tissue sarcoma with the lowest survival rates due to the invasive growth, difficult treatment, and poor prognosis.The present study reported a case of a 78-year-old male diagnosed as left retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma, who had received three operations. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a mass of approximately 12.9 cm × 6.9 cm × 6.6 cm in his retroperitoneal region. The Eastern cooperative oncology group and numerical rating scale scores of pain were 1 and 5, respectively. Multiple treatment strategies were administered, including the application of drainage and125I seed implantation. A total of 90125I seeds were implanted into the tumor through repetitious operations, with 30 seeds each time. Treatment planning system was involved to calculate the source distribution.125I seeds with the activity of 0.5 mCi were implanted under the guidance of CT, and dosimetric verification was performed after the operation. D90 (90% minimum prescription dose received by target volume) was 40 Gy. Follow-up was performed after 6 months, and complete response was achieved in the local lesions. However, there was no evidence-based treatment currently and the majority of our knowledge was based on results from case reports, thus further studies would be required
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Aim: Self.expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement has been considered as the preferred treatment to relieve jaundice in nonsurgical patients. However, 50% of stents become stenosed within 3.6 months due to tumor ingrowth and epithelial hyperplasia. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a newly designed brachytherapy biliary drainage catheter (BBDC) loaded with 125I seeds for palliation of malignant biliary obstruction (MBO). Methods: In this prospective study, patients with unresectable MBO underwent BBDC placement after SEMS placement at our center from September 2017 to April 2019. Results: A total of 21 patients with MBO were enrolled. The technical and clinical success rates were 100%. Total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cancer antigen 19.9, and carcinoembryonic antigen levels significantly decreased during the 1.month follow.up (P < 0.05). Four patients (19%) had minor complications. During the median follow.up of 299 days, 13 patients (61.9%) developed stent occlusion. The 6.month stent patency and survival rates were 73.5% and 79.2%, respectively. The median stent patency and survival were 279 and 454 days, respectively. Conclusion: The use of BBDC loaded with 125I seeds is a feasible and effective method to prolong biliary stent patency in patients with MBO
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Aim: This study aimed to investigate the technical procedure, safety, and clinical value of the transosseous approach for computed tomography (CT)-guided radioactive 125-iodine (125I) seed implantation for the treatment of thoracic and abdominal lymph node metastases. Subjects and Methods: This was a retrospective study that Nine lymph node metastases in nine patients were treated in our hospital between January 2010 and August 2018. Under CT guidance, at least one puncture path was made through the transosseous approach. The seeds were planted according to the TPS. CT/MRI scans were performed every 2 months after the treatment to evaluate local therapeutic efficacy according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Results: The transosseous approach was successfully established in all patients. The median follow-up time was 11 months (6–36 months). At 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months after operation, the objective effective rate and clinical benefit rate were 66.67%, 77.78%, 77.78%, 71.43%, 66.67% and 50.00%; and 88.89%, 88.89%, 88.89%, 71.43%, 66.67% and 50.00%, respectively. The survival rate of the patients at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months after operation was 53.00%, 26.00%, 26.00%, 13.00%, 13.00% and 13.00%, respectively. Conclusions: The transosseous approach for CT-guided radioactive 125I seed implantation was safe, effective, and minimally invasive for the treatment of thoracic and abdominal lymph node metastases
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Interstitial permanent radioactive seed implantation delivers a high local dose to tumors and sharply drops off at surrounding normal tissues. Radioactive seeds implanted via ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) guidance are minimally invasive and facilitate quick recovery. Transrectal ultrasound-guided 125I seed implantation assisted by a transperineal plane template is standard for early-stage prostate carcinoma, with a highly consistent target volume dose distribution. The postplan dose evaluation is consistent with the preplan evaluation. Until now, there was no workflow for seed implantation elsewhere in the body, and it was difficult to effectively preplan for seed implantation because of patients' position changes, organ movement, and bone structure interference. Along with three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques and seed implantation planning systems for brachytherapy, coplanar and X Y axis coordinate templates were created, referred to as 3D-printed coplanar templates (3D-PCT). 125I seed implantation under CT guidance with 3D-PCT assistance has been very successful in some carcinomas. Preplanning was very consistent with postplanning of the gross tumor volume. All needles are kept parallel for 3D-PCT, with no coplanar needle rearrangement. No standard workflow for 3D-PCT-assisted seed implantation exists at present. The consensus topics for CT-assisted guidance compared to 3D-PCT-assisted guidance for seed implantation are as follows: Indications for seed implantation, preplanning, definition of radiation doses and dosimetry evaluation, 3D-PCT workflow, radiation protection, and quality of staff. Despite current data supporting 125I seed implantation for some solid carcinomas, there is a need for prospectively-randomized multicenter clinical trials to gather strong evidence for using 125I seed implantation in other solid carcinomas
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BACKGROUND@#Primary lung cancer and metastatic lung cancer are common malignant tumors of the lung and are the main cause of cancer-related death. Advanced lung cancer and lung metastatic cancer are mainly treated by systemic therapy, and local treatment is also an effective treatment for the refractory or recurrent lesions in the lungs after systemic treatment. ¹²⁵I radioactive particle implantation, as an efficient conformal radiotherapy, has a certain control effect on localized lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of computed tomography (CT) guided percutaneous puncture of lung tissue with ¹²⁵I radioactive particle implantation in the treatment of advanced lung cancer and lung metastatic cancer.@*METHODS@#Continuouslycollectedthe clinical and pathological data of 105 patients with advanced lung cancer and metastatic lung cancer treated by ¹²⁵I radioactive seed implantation in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 1, 2014 to November 30, 2018. The patients were followed until March, 2019. The clinical efficacy and complications of seedimplantation were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 105 patients were included in the study, 78 patients with advanced lung cancer and 27 patients with lung metastases. The median survival time after seed therapy was 395 days. The 1-year survival rate was about 78.1%, and the 2-year survival rate was about 56.1%. Seed implantation for advanced lung cancer is equivalent to lung metastasis. Seed combined with radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, and chemotherapy did not improve seed treatment. However, particle combined with external radiation therapy has a significant survival disadvantage compared with simple seed therapy.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The CT-guided ¹²⁵I radioactive seed implantation has controllable complications and can be used as a safe and effective treatment for advanced lung cancer and lung metastases.
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Purpose: The aim of the study is to study the feasibility of gamma-ray-detection-based precision dose measurement of 125I seed brachytherapy in solid water. Materials and Methods: Seven group 125I seeds with different activities were put into a hole in the center of solid water individually. Each group had ten seeds, and the seed activity ranged from 1.48 × 107 Bq to 3.7 × 107 Bq. Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) was used to scan the seeds perpendicular to the long axis of the seed, with a slice thickness of 3.75 mm. The radioactive count values (x) of the radioactive concentration around the seeds were collected at a distance of 1–15 mm from the center of the seeds, while the corresponding doses (Y) (Gy) were calculated. SPSS 18.0 was used to analyze the relationship between the count value and the dose. Results: With the same seed activity, the count values became smaller according to the distance from the center of the seeds. The count values at the same point had an increasing trend according to the activity. This is similar to the doses calculated at the same point. There was an exponential relationship between the dose around the 125I seeds, and the radioactive count value detected by SPECT/CT. Correlative curves between the dose and radioactive count value detected by SPECT/CT of different-activity 125I seeds were fitted. The formulas of the dose and radioactive count with different seed activity were in the form of Y = b0 (b1)x. The constant b0 ranged from 1.48 to 3.93, according to the seed activity, while b1 was 1.006 for every seed's activity. Conclusion: The count value around the 125I seed can be detected accurately by SPECT/CT, and then can be quantified. This study provided useful experiment data for the precision measurement of 125I seed implantation. Radiation detection-based dose measurement may become a new noninvasive technology for the dynamic dosimetry verification method after brachytherapy
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Objective To compare the clinical effect and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with 125I seed implantation with those of pure TACE in treating primary liver cancer (PHC) complicated by portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) . Methods Computer and manual retrieval of PubMed, Cochrane Library, CBM, Wan Fang Database, China National Knowledge Internet and other databases was conducted to collect the retrospective cohort studies on the comparison of the clinical effect and safety of the combination use of TACE and 125I seed implantation with those of simple TACE in treating PHC complicated by PVTT, from which the relevant data were extracted. The quality of extracted documents was assessed according to the standard of Cochrane manual. Results A total of eight articles containing 822 patients were included in this study. Meta analysis indicated that both the effective rate and disease control rate for PHC complicated by PVTT in TACE plus 125I seed implantation group were significantly higher than those in pure TACE group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05) . The half-year, one-year and 2-year survival rates of TACE plus 125I seed implantation group were better than those of pure TACE group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05) . No statistically significant differences in the incidence of severe complications existed between the two groups (P>0.05) . Conclusion In treating PHC complicated by PVTT, the curative effect of TACE plus 125I seed implantation is superior to pure TACE. No obvious difference in the incidence of severe complications exists between the two groups.
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Objective To design a new integrated portable biliary internal-external drainage catheter carrying125 I seeds used for the treatment of malignant biliary obstruction lesions so as to achieve the dual curative effects of biliary drainage and brachytherapy. Methods A total of 15 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice, who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China, during the period from September 2016 to January 2018, were enrolled in this study. Biliary stent implantation was performed in all patients, which was followed by insertion of a new integrated portable biliary internal-external drainage catheter carrying125 I seeds. The technical success rate, clinical success rate, complications, stent patency time and patient survival rate were evaluated. Results The placement of the drainage tube was simple and smooth, and the technical procedure was successful in all patients. One month after treatment, the bilirubin level was decreased significantly when compared with preoperative one (P<0.01), while the blood indexes and immunological indicators showed no obvious changes (P>0.05) . After treatment, 2 patients (13.3％) developed cholangitis and 2 patients (13.3％) had small amount of biliary bleeding, which returned to normal after symptomatic treatment. No severe complications such as perforation of bile duct, massive bleeding, radiation enteritis and radioactive source leakage, etc., occurred. The patients were followed up for 55-402 days, 6 patients (40.0％) developed biliary re-obstruction. The median patency time of stent was 255 days, and 6-month stent patency rate was 64.5％. Five patients died and 10 patients survived, the 9-month survival rate was 64.3％, the median survival time was 368 days. Conclusion By using the new integrated portable biliary internal-external drainage catheter carrying125 I seeds, the effects of bile drainage and brachytherapy can be simultaneously achieved. Preliminary clinical practice indicates that this new drainage catheter is feasible, safe and effective, although its long-term efficacy needs to be clarified with further follow-up observations and controlled studies.
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Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of portal vein stenting combined with 125I particle strand implantation followed by drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) and molecular-targeted therapy for the treatment of stageⅢa liv-er cancer lacking a blood supply. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 11 patients who had stageⅢa liver cancer lacking a blood sup-ply combined with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) was conducted from October 2016 to October 2018. All the patients under-went portal vein stenting combined with 125I particle strand implantation, DEB-TACE, and comprehensive treatment containing molecu-lar-targeted drugs. During the follow-up period, all patients were evaluated for stent patency after the implantation and tumor re-sponse after DEB-TACE treatment. The liver function and blood routine changes before and 1 month after the surgery were completed, and the complications were summarized. Results: All 11 patients were judged as stageⅢa liver cancer based on the Chinese staging criteria (2017), Child-Pugh classification grade A and B. The imaging findings indicated that these tumors were hypovascular. The maxi-mum diameter of these lesions was (8.4±4.1) (2.8-14.1) cm, and all patients had PVTT. Among them, there were 4 cases of Cheng's typeⅡand 7 cases of typeⅢ: 6 cases of main PVTT≥50% and 1 case of PVTT<50%. All patients underwent portal vein stenting com-bined with 125I particle strand implantation, DEB-TACE, and comprehensive treatment containing molecular-targeted drugs. Three and 6 months after stent implantation, the patency rate was 100%; 3 months after DEB-TACE treatment, complete response was achieved in 4 (36.4%) patients, partial response was achieved in 5 (45.5%) patients, and stable disease was achieved in 2 (18.2%) patients. No patients exhibited progressive disease. Therefore, the objective response rate was 81.8% and disease control rate was 100%. As for the liver and kidney function and blood routine tests, there were no significant differences between baseline and 1 month after the sur- gery. In addition, no patient had any serious complication during the perioperative period. Conclusions: For patients with stageⅢa liv-er cancer lacking a blood supply and PVTT, a comprehensive treatment strategy including portal vein stenting combined with 125I parti-cle strand implantation, DEB-TACE, and molecular-targeted therapy can restore portal vein blood flow and maintain mid-and long-term stent patency, while effectively killing tumors and controlling tumor growth, which is a safe and effective treatment strategy.
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Objective To evaluate the outcomes and prognostic factors of image-guided 125I seed implantation for locally recurrent soft tissue sarcoma(RSTS).Methods A total of 60 patients with RSTS who received image-guided 125I seed implantation in Peking University Third Hospital,from September 2002 to December 2015,were retrospectively analyzed.The enrollment criteria: KPS ＞60 points,refused or could not tolerate surgery or radiotherapy,the expecting survival time ＞3 months,relapsed after multiple treatment of soft tissue sarcoma,and underwent CT or ultrasound guided 125 I seed implantation treatment.In all,the median activity of seeds was 25.9×106Bq(range,11.1×106-29.6×106Bq),median number of implanted seeds was 58(range,3-133),and the median D90was 120 Gy(range,36.50-460.97 Gy).The local progression-free survival(LPFS)and overall survival(OS)were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.The log-rank test and Cox regression model were used for the univariate and multivariate analyses.Results The median follow-up was 18.75 months(range,1-146).The median OS was 18.5 months(95％CI 13.1-23.9).The 1-,3-and 5-year OS rate were 63.3％,33.0％and 29.5％,respectively.The 1-,3-and 5-year LPFS rate were 72.5％,63.7％and 59.7％,respectively.The general rate of pain relieving was 100％(6/6).8.3％(5/60)presented grade Ⅳskin toxicity.No fatal complications ocurred.The univariate analysis suggested that tumor size,tumor volume,KPS score,D90were prognostic factors of OS and LPFS.The multivariate analysis demonstrated that previous chemotherapy history and distant metastases were independent prognostic factors of survival.Conclusions Image-guided 125I seed implantation for recurrent soft tissue sarcoma is a safe treatment option with high efficacy and low morbidity.Tumor size and D90were the prognostic factors of OS and LPFS.
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Objective To measure the doses to eye lens and hands of workers,using thermo luminescent dosimeter (TLD) and optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter (OSLD).Methods TLDs in the same batch were annealed,packed and stuck to the flat abdomen of Alderson-Phantom at a distance of about 15 cm from 125I seed source,while irradiated at different doses:1.0,1.5,3.0,5.0,10.0,12.0,20.0,25.0,30.0,50.0 and 60.0 μ Gy.And then TLDs were measured by dosimeters to establish a dose calibration curve.By implanting seed source into the selected lung for 14 cases,belly for 10 cases,pelvic for 5 case and neck for 6 cases while placing calibrated TLDs on the left,middle and right above eyes,left and right hands of the workers to obtain the location-specific kerma values.Finally,the conversion factors Hp (3) and Hp (0.07) were used to calculate the values of dose equivalent to eye lens and hands.Additionally,OSLDs were used to measure the doses to workers in the same way.Results The TLD-measured eye lens dses to the operator and his assistant were 0.8 and 1.6 mSv in lungs,1.3 and 1.2 mSv in bellies,0.9 and 0.6 mSv in pelves,0.3 mSv in necks,respectively.Meanwhile,hand doses to the operator and his assistant were 1.4 and 2.1 mSv in lungs,1.2 and 1.0 mSv in bellies,0.5 and 0.9 mSv in pelves,0.1 mSv in necks,respectively.The maximum doses to eye lens and hands were 1.2 and 1.0 mSv,respectively in a single treatment.OSLD-measured dose equivalents from lung therapy were 0.2 and 0.1 mSv for eye lens of the operator and his assistant and 0.4 and 0.6 mSv for hands.For belly therapy,the accumulated dose equivalent to hands of the operator was 0.1 mSv while those for other types of therapy were 0 mSv.Conclusions TLDs have the capability to measure not only accumulated dose but also dose equivalent from a single therapy According to ICRP 118 publication and as estimated in the present study,the number of therapy should be not more than 17 every year.OSLDs only give the accumulated dose,the accuracy of which needs to be studied in low-dose measurement.
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Objective To analyze the feasibility of local target in early parotid carcinoma brachytherapy.Methods The retrospective study collected 14 early parotid gland carcinoma patients during November 2004 and February 2013 at Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology.All of them proceeded conservative surgery and 125I interstitial brachytherapy postoperatively.According to the different target designs,the patients were divided into two groups as local target group and whole target group.The disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate were analyzed.The target volume,the number of 125I seeds and dose of crisis organs such as mandibular ramus,pharynx constrictor,cervical spinal cord,external auditory canal,middle ear,mastoid in the affected side were compared between two groups.Results After 51-116 months of follow-up,disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate in both groups were 100％.The mean D90 of CTV in local target group was(90.3 ±20.4)Gy,and (104.3 ± 10.1)Gy in whole target group.There was no statistical difference between two groups(P ＞ 0.05),while there were statistical differences in target volume (t =5.003,P ＜ 0.05),which were (9.2 ± 2.4) and (35.1 ± 13.5)cm3 respectively.Mean dose of organs at risk between two groups including mandibular ramus,pharynx constrictor,external auditory canal,middle ear,mastoid and maximal dose of cervical spinal cord in the affected side also had significant differences(t =3.534,4.279,3.034,3.471,7.221,6.103,P ＜0.05).Local target group had less target volume and less dose in organs at risk.Conclusions The conservative surgery combined with local target brachytherapy is feasible for the early low grade parotid gland carcinomas,with acceptable survival rate and less risk in organs at risk.
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Objective To discuss the technical method,safety and clinical efficacy of CT-guided 125I radioactive seed implantation for the treatment of mediastinal lymph node metastases.Methods CT-guided 125I radioactive seed implantation was carried out in 11 patients with mediastinal lymph node metastases.Before 125I seed implantation,the interstitial brachytherapy treatment planning system (TPS) was employed to formulate a treatment plan.The particles with radioactivity of (1.11-2.96) × 107Bq (0.3-0.8 mCi) were used for the implantation.Postoperative complications were recorded.The local lesion control rate and the effective rate of pain relief were evaluated at one,3,6 and 12 months after 125I seed implantation.Results After 125I seed implantation,pneumothorax occurred in 3 patients,tracheal fistula in one patient,and pulmonary infection in one patient.The local lesion control rates at one,3,6 and 12 months were 81.8％,90.9％,72.7％ and 72.7％ respectively;the effective rate of pain relief at one week,one,3,6 and 12 months were 100％,90.9％,90.9％,81.8％ and 72.7％ respectively.Conclusion For the treatment of mediastinal lymph node metastases,CT-guided radioactive 125I seed implantation is less-invasive with less complications,and it carries reliable local lesion control rate.Therefore,this technique is a safe therapeutic means.
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Objective To assess the clinical value of the implantation of 125I seed-loading stent in treating middle-late stage esophageal cancer.Methods A total of 64 patients with middle-late stage esophageal cancer,who were treated with esophageal stent implantation during the period from July 2013 to December 2015,were included in this study.According to patient's own will,the patients were divided into group A (n=28,using conventional stent) and group B (n=36,using 125I seed stent).Based on the treatment planning system (TPS) and tumor morphology,conformal comprehensive isodose distribution of 125I seeds was formulated.The success rate of stent implantation,the complication rate,the improvement rate of dysphagia,the stent patency rate,the average hospitalization days,the hospitalization expenses and the survival time were compared between the two groups.Results In both groups,the success rate of stent implantation and the improvement rate of dysphagia were all 100％.The 12-month stent patency rate of group B was evidently higher than that of group A,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).No statistically significant difference in the average hospitalization days existed between the two groups (P＞O.05).The mean hospitalization expenses between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05),with the mean medical expense in group B being 13,769.57 RMB more than that in group A.Both the mean survival time and the median survival time of group B were longer than those of group A (P＜0.05).Conclusion It is safe and effective to use 125I seed stent to treat middle-late stage esophageal cancer.This technique can evidently prolong the survival time of patients,although its medical cost is higher than that of the ordinary stent.
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Objective To discuss the commonly used puncturing approaches in CT-guided 125I seed implantation for lumbar lymph node metastases in order to provide safe and reliable technical guidance for clinical practice.Methods Under CT guidance,125I seed implantation for lumbar lymph node metastases was performed.According to different locations of metastatic lymphadenopathy (left waist,right waist or middle waist),the corresponding puncture route and implantation method were adopted.Meanwhile,different puncturing approach was designed in order to avoid damage to vital organs.Results For the performance of 125I seed implantation for the lymphadenopathy located at the left waist,right waist and middle waist,the commonly used puncturing approaches were percutaneous transthoracic lumboiliac costal muscle method (i.e.back approach),trans-hepatic trans-duodenal method (i.e.lateral approach) or back approach method,and trans-mesenteric approach together with coaxial needle method (i.e.anterior approach) respectively.Conclusion It is clinically feasible to use different puncturing approaches in performing 125I seed implantation for lumbar lymph node metastases,the suitable puncturing approach can ensure a successful and safe operation.
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This paper summarized nursing experience of 23 patients with malignant tumor treated by 3D printing individualized template and 125I seed implantation.Nursing points included:preoperative assessment and preparation,reviewing the process of template conduction,assisting the physician to simulate the position of patients,making treatment plans,preparing templates before operation;resetting and maintaining position of patients,performing template alignment,seed implantation,monitoring vital signs and complications during operation;observation of complications,providing radiation protection and discharge guidance after operation.All 23 patients completed 125I seed implantation and no serious complication was observed.All patients recovered well and were discharged after treatment.