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Objective:To investigate the activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in water in Hangzhou urban area. Methods:From 2012 to 2020, Qiantang River water as an important drinking water source, tap water as direct drinking water for residents, and West Lake water in tourists crowded area were selected forwater quality monitoring with respect to conctnts of 90Sr and 137Cs. The activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in water samples, as collected in wet and dry seasons resepectively, were determined by radiochemical analysis, with the 137Cs to 90Sr activity ratios obtained. Results:From 2012 to 2020, the activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in tap water were (2.0±1.1) - (7.4±0.4) mBq/L and (0.45±0.06) - (7.1±0.6) mBq/L, respectively. The 137Cs to 90Sr activity ratios ranged from 0.07 to 2.40. The activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in Qiantang River were (3.7±1.1) - (17.0±4.4) mBq/L and (0.28±0.01) - (15.0±4.5) mBq/L, respectively. The 137Cs to 90Sr activity ratios ranged from 0.03 to 0.90. The activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in West Lake water were (2.2±0.5) - (11.0±2.0) mBq/L and (0.32±0.04) - (7.9±1.9) mBq/L, respectively. The 137Cs to 90Sr activity ratios ranged from 0.05 to 1.20. Conclusions:The activity concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in water in Hangzhou urban area were at the background levels, lower than the concentration limits, 10 Bq/L both for 90Sr and 137Cs recommended by WHO in the 4 th edition of Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality.
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Objective To investigation the radioactivity level of 90Sr in tea leaves within and outside 30 km range of Ningde nuclear power plant. Methods The tea leaves within and outside the 30 km range of Ningde Nuclear Power Plant were collected from 2013 to 2018. According to“Radiochemical analysis of strontium-90 in water and ash of biological samples” (HJ 815—2016), the separation and analysis of 90Sr-90Y were carried outusing the method of di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (HDEHP) chromatography. Results During the period of 2013-2018, the radioactivity concentrations of 90Sr in the tea leaves within the range of 30 km around the Ningde nuclear power plant were 0.486～13.29 Bq/kg and that of 90Sr in the tea leaves outside the range of 30 km around the nuclear power station were 1.021～17.19 Bq/kg. Conclusion During the six years of operation in Ningde Nuclear Power Plant, there was no increase in the radioactivity level of 90Sr in the tea leaves around the nuclear power plant.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and satety of 90Sr-90Y application combined with corn paste in the treatment of corns. Methods 85 patients with corns in the First People's Hospital of Tianmen from September 2019 to December 2020 were selected and randomly divided into group A, group B and group C based on random number table. In group A, 28 cases were treated with simple 90Sr-90Y application; in group B, 27 cases were treated with 90Sr-90Y application plus intermittent corns paste; in group C, 30 cases were treated with 90Sr-90Y application plus continuous corns paste.The treatment effect, recovery time, recurrence rate and incidence of adverse reactions of the three groups were compared. Results The cure rates of the three groups were 78.57% (21/28), 81.48% (22/27) and 83.33% (25/30), with no significant difference (P > 0.05); the total effective rates were 92.86% (26/28), 92.59% (25/27) and 96.67% (29/30), the difference was not significant (P > 0.05); the cure time was (5.67 ± 1.80) weeks, (2.82 ± 1.11) weeks and (2.24 ± 1.05) weeks, the cure time of the B and C groups was significantly shorter than that of the A group (P < 0.05); The incidence of adverse reactions were 9.52% (2/21), 4.55% (1/22) and 4.00% (1/25), respectively, the difference was not significant (P > 0.05); the incidence of adverse reactions were 3.57% (1/28), 11.11% (3/27) and 26.67% (8/30), the incidence of adverse reactions in group C was higher than Group A (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of 90Sr-90Y application and intermittent corns paste in the treatment of corns has good curative effect, low recurrence rate, short cure time and few adverse reactions. It is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Objective:To overcome the disadvantages of bismuth removal by bismuth sulfide precipitation method recommended by existing analytical standards and improve the quality of analytical result.Methods:Based on 201×7 anion exchange resin, the experimental process of bismuth removal was designed, and verified by using spiked samples and IAEA test samples.Results:Bismuth was removed by anion exchange resin. In the removal experiments of strontium, yttrium and bismuth, the chemical recovery rate of strontium and yttrium could reach (98.6 ± 0.8)% and (98.5 ± 0.7)%, respectively, with no Bi 2S 3 precipitation found. The relative standard deviation between analytical result and theoretical values was -2.97% to 5.94%, better than 3.96%-17.8% by the standard bismuth removal method. Through validation using IAEA test samples, the relative standard deviation between the reported value and the target value for 90Sr was between 3.40%-7.09%, and all the results were acceptable. Conclusions:Bismuth could be quantitatively removed using anion exchange resin without adsorption of strontium and yttrium. In addition, the bismuth removal solution system of anion exchange resin was the same as the elution system in 90Sr analysis, and the purpose of rapid bismuth removal could be achieved without conversion system. Compared with the current standard analytical method, it was feasible and better to quantitatively remove bismuth based on anion exchange resin, which could meet the needs of routine analysis of 90Sr.
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Objective:To investigate and analyze the radioactivity level of 90Sr in offshore seawater and seafood therein around Sanmen nuclear power plant (NPP) and to estimate the annual committed effective dose to local population from ingestion of 90Sr in seafood from 2015 to 2019. Methods:From 2015 to 2019, the offshore seawater and 3 kinds of marine products grown locally in Sanmen and consumed by local residents were collected for measurement of the level of 90Sr radioactivity. The committed effective doses to the local population were estimated based on monitoring result and consumption data on seafood in Zhejiang offshore. Results:The radioactivity concentrations of 90Sr ranged from 2.4 to 4.1 mBq/L in the seawater, close to the natural radioacrive background level and from 6.7×10 -2 to 1.3 Bq/kg in seafood, lower than the standard values specified in the "Limited concentrations of radioactive materials in foods" (GB 14882-94). Annual committed effective dose to the local population from 90Sr attributable to consumption of seafood in Sanmen County from 2015 to 2019 were 2.2×10 -4-4.2×10 -4mSv, respectively, far lower than the worldwide committed effective dose result ing from internal exposure. Conclusions:From 2015 to 2019, the radioactivity concentration of 90Sr in seawater and seafood are stable, with neglectable dose burden to the local population.
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Objective@#To investigate the 90Sr concentration levels in the monitoring areas and the control area at Ningde Nuclear Power Plant (NPP).@*Methods@#Food samples were collected from the monitoring areas in 30 km of Ningde NPP and the control area far away. The radioactive levels of 90Sr in food samples were analyzed using the chromatography with 2-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate fast extraction method.@*Results@#In this survey, 90Sr radioactive concentrations in 30 varieties of foods in 6 categories were analyzed. In the monitoring area, 90Sr radioactivity concentration in the samples collected were in the range of 0.017-1.830 Bq/kg for cereals, beans and potatoes, 0.021-0.318 Bq/kg for vegetables, 0.007-7.690 Bq/kg for quatic products, and 0.009-0.184 Bq/kg for meats; whereas, in the control area, cereals, beans and potatoes in 0.017-0.700 Bq/kg, vegetables in 0.034-0.677 Bq/kg, aquatic products in 0.038-3.360 Bq/kg, and meats in 0.019-0.054 Bq/kg.@*Conclusions@#The 90Sr radioactive concentrations in foods were far below the food standard limits in this survey. The contribution of evaluated to the public from the 90Sr in foods was neglectable.
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Objective To investigate the 90Sr concentration levels in the monitoring areas and the control area at Ningde Nuclear Power Plant (NPP).Methods Food samples were collected from the monitoring areas in 30 km of Ningde NPP and the control area far away.The radioactive levels of 90Sr in food samples were analyzed using the chromatography with 2-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate fast extraction method.Results In this survey,90Sr radioactive concentrations in 30 varieties of foods in 6 categories were analyzed.In the monitoring area,90Sr radioactivity concentration in the samples collected were in the range of 0.017-1.830 Bq/kg for cereals,beans and potatoes,0.021-0.318 Bq/kg for vegetables,0.007-7.690 Bq/kg for quatic products,and 0.009-0.184 Bq/kg for meats;whereas,in the control area,cereals,beans and potatoes in O.017-0.700 Bq/kg,vegetables in 0.034-0.677 Bq/kg,aquatic products in 0.038-3.360 Bq/kg,and meats in 0.019-0.054 Bq/kg.Conclusions The 90Sr radioactive concentrations in foods were far below the food standard limits in this survey.The contribution of evaluated to the public from the 90Sr in foods was neglectable.
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Objective@#To study the therapeutic effect of surgery combined with 90Sr dynamic therapy used in pathological scar.@*Methods@#323 cases of pathological scar were treated with 90Sr dynamic therapy after surgery from June 2010 to June 2014. Initial treatment regimen was made according to the growth characteristics of pathological scar. Then adjusting the treatment programs according to the treatment response.The treatment effect and complications were compared between the new treatment regimen and traditional regimen used in 252 patients (June 2006 to May 2010). SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis of data. Chi-square test was used for comparison of the differences between groups. The scars Vancouver scores were analyzed by one-way ANOVA two years after treatment. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.@*Results@#The absorption rate in the proliferative phase of the dynamic treatment group was (4.32±0.00) cGy.s-1.cm-2, which was higher than that in the traditional treatment group (3.24±0.00) cGy.s-1.cm-2(F=1.742, P=0.000). Two years after treatment, the score in the dynamic treatment group was (2.94±1.22) points, which was lower than that in the traditional treatment group (4.21±1.68) (F=93.841, P=0.000); the complication rate and recurrence rate were 0.9% (3/323) and 0.6% (2/323) in dynamic treatment group while 11.1% (28/252) and 9.5% (24/252) in traditional treatment group, respectively. The difference was statistically significant(χ2=457.69, P=0.000; χ2=457.70, P=0.000).@*Conclusions@#The treatment of surgery combined with 90Sr isotope is effective in pathological scar, but treatment programs should be developed as a dynamic treatment according to the individual characteristics of the pathological scar.
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Objective To investigate the activity concentration of 90St in tea produced in Chinese typical regions,enrich the baseline data for 90Sr level in Chinese tea,and evaluate possible exposure doses to people.Methods Samples were carbonized,ashed,digested and leached,and then extraction chromatography method was used to separate 90Sr and 90y.After preparation of sample source,radioactivity of 90Y was measured using low-level α/β counter.Results Twenty six kinds of tea produced in 16 typical regions from 26 cities of 16 provinces were collected in 2016,and their 90Sr activity concentrations were analyzed using the separation method of di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (HDEHP) extraction chromatography.The results revealed that the activity concentrations in 26 kinds of tea samples ranged from 0.28 to 3.78 Bq/kg,and contributed possible exposure doses of 0.44 × 10-2-6.00 × 10-2 μSv to each people.Conclusions These doses were far less than the ICRP annual dose limit of 1 mSv for the public,suggesting less impact on people's health.
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Objective To explore the influence of age factor on the treatment of cutaneous hemangioma with (90Sr-90Y) applicator.Methods A total of 224 babies and children of different ages with cutaneous hemangioma were treated by using 90Sr-90 Y applicator.Then,the relation between their therapeutic effects and ages were analyzed respectively.Results The differences in the therapeutic effect between group of one month to less than one year and group of one to less than five years,and group of one month to less than one year and group of five to ten years,and between group of one to less than five ages and group of five to ten years (P＜0.05),were statistically significant.With an increase of the age,the recovery rate gradually decreased,but their effective rate,improvement rate and ineffective rate increased.In the 199 well-healed or effective patients,the differences in the distribution of treatment course between group of one month to less than one year and group of one to less than five years,and group of one month to less than one year and group of five to ten years,were statistically significant (P＜0.05); but the difference in the distribution of treatment course between group of one to less than five ages and group of five to ten years was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The number of treatment course presented an increased tendency with an increase of the age for patients.Conclusions The age of patients is a factor influencing the therapeutic effect on cutaneous hemangioma with 90 Sr-90Y applicator.The younger the patients,the better their therapeutic effects,the shorter their courses of treatment,and the smaller the adverse reaction of beta ray.
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Background Corneal neovascularization ( CNV ) is a complication of many ocular surface diseases.It often worsen the pathological course.Effective therapy for CNV is still researching. Objective This study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of irradiation on CNV. Methods CNV models were established in 70 right eyes of 70 clean Wistar rats by corneal alkali burning.The models were randomized into β ray 10 Gy once irradiation group( 2 eyes),β ray 7 Gy multiple irradiation group( 17 eyes),β ray 10 Gy multiple irradiation group( 17 eyes),1％ cyclosporin A ( CsA ) eye drops group ( 17 eyes) and model group ( 17 eyes),and 6 matched normal rats were used as normal controls.All treatments started from the first day of the corneal alkali burning.CNV length and area were measured under the slit lamp every day.Corneal samples and homogenate were prepared 3,5,7 days after corneal alkali burning.The expressions of bcl-2,bax,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in rat corneas were detected by immunochemistry,VEGF proteins and VEGF mRNA were detected by Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),respectively. Results Corneal ulceration was found in the βray 10 Gy once irradiation group and β ray 10 Gy multiple irradiation group.CNV length and area were much less in the β ray 7 Gy multiple irradiation group and 1％ CsA eye drops group compared with the model group on the seventh day after experiment( length:q=14.40,24.20,P＜0.01 ;area:q=17.80,14.00,P＜0.01 ).Immunochemistry revealed that compared with the model group,expressions of bcl-2 and VEGF proteins were weaker,but the expression of bax protein was stronger in the β ray 7 Gy multiple irradiation group and 1％ CsA eye drops group.RT-PCR showed that the expression of VEGF mRNA in cornea was lower in the β ray 10 Gy multiple irradiation group,β ray 7 Gy multiple irradiation group and 1％ CsA eye drops group in comparison with that in model group,and the results from Western blot showed the same pattern as RT-PCR. Conclusions Low dose irradiation of 90Sr-90Y ophthalmic applicator inhibits CNV formation after alkali burn.The study provide a new understanding of the irradiation for the treatment of CNV.
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·AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of postoperative 90Sr β-irradiation for patients with pterygium and analyze the recurrence-related factors.·METHODS: Between May 2006 and September 2008, seventy-nine patients with 93 pterygium eyes were treated with surgery and postoperative 90Sr β-irradiation. After doing bare sclera technique of pterygium excision, postoperative 90Sr β-irradiation was carried out. A total dose of 2400 cGy dose was used in three fractions (800 cGy, each time, one week apart). At the cut off time (three months), the recurrence rate was calculated and compared between male and female, young (<40 years) and old (≥40 years), fresh and relapsing pterygium.·RESULTS: Recurrence of the pterygium treated with surgery and postoperative 90Sr β-irradiation was observed in 7 of 93 (7.5%) cases. Recurrence-related factors analysis revealed that younger age (<40 years), relapse cases were risk factors for local recurrence. Complications noted were few: including moderate conjunctivitis, postoperative pain, photophobia and an increase in tear flow. However, no long-term serious side effects were observed in this study, such as scleral necrosis or radiation cataract.·CONCLUSION: Bare sclera technique of pterygium excision followed by fractioned 90Sr β-irradiation is a safe and effective therapy to prevent a relapse and can be performed without serious side effects. The study also showed several factors might influence the therapy efficacy, such as age and previous surgical treatment.