Pérdida no orgánica de la visión de colores / Nonorganic loss of color vision

La pérdida no orgánica de la visión o pérdida funcional, es un trastorno en el cual se presenta cierta sintomatología visual, sin que haya causa alguna que pueda justificarlo. Se presenta un caso de una paciente adolescente femenina de 16 años de edad, color de piel blanca, con antecedentes oculares de ptosis palpebral derecha congénita y malos hábitos alimentarios. Su motivo de consulta fue pérdida de la visión de colores no constatada inicialmente; luego, debido a su insistencia, comenzamos a notar una disminución progresiva e incongruente de la visión cromática, con parámetros funcionales visuales normales, defectos en campos visuales computarizados no reproducibles y exámenes de electrofisiología visual normales, con recuperación total de este defecto sin tomarse ninguna conducta terapéutica específica. La pérdida no orgánica de la visión se refiere a cualquier defecto visual en la que no se demuestra alteración de las estructuras que se encuentran entre la córnea y la corteza cerebral occipital. Los trastornos de la vía aferente constituyen la manifestación más frecuente. Puede existir disminución, unilateral o bilateral, de la visión, afectación del campo visual o ambos. La visión de colores es usualmente anormal, pero rara vez, es el motivo de consulta. El origen psicógeno es corriente en niños y es más frecuente en mujeres que en hombres. El déficit adquirido de la visión de colores ocurre a consecuencia de una patología ocular, lesión intracraneal o uso excesivo de algún medicamento y, por lo general, se acompaña de pérdida variable de la agudeza visual(AU)

Non-organic loss of vision or functional loss is a disorder in which certain visual symptomatology is present, without any cause that could justify it. We present a case of a 16-year-old female adolescent patient, white skin color, with ocular history of congenital right palpebral ptosis and bad eating habits. Her reason for consultation was loss of color vision not initially detected; then, due to her insistence, we began to notice a progressive and incongruent decrease in color vision, with normal visual functional parameters, defects in non-reproducible computerized visual fields and normal visual electrophysiology tests, with total recovery of this defect without any specific therapeutic behavior. Non-organic vision loss refers to any visual defect in which no alteration of the structures between the cornea and the occipital cerebral cortex is demonstrated. Disorders of the afferent pathway constitute the most frequent manifestation. There may be unilateral or bilateral decreased vision, visual field impairment, or both. Color vision is usually abnormal, but rarely, it is the reason for consultation. Psychogenic origin is common in children and is more frequent in women than in men. Acquired color vision deficits occur as a consequence of an ocular pathology, intracranial injury or excessive use of medication and are usually accompanied by variable loss of visual acuity(AU)

Acquired Dyschromatopsia among Workers Exposed to Acetone and Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between exposure to acetone and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and the acquisition dyschromatopsia. METHODS: A study was performed on exposure group of 116 people exposed to and a group of 36 people not exposed to organic solvents were selected and examined. Their smoking and alcohol habits, symptoms, and exposure history were surveyed through questionnaires and interviews. Then dyschromatopsia was evaluated with the Lanthony D-15 d test in a room with standardized intensity of illumination. RESULTS: The statistical prevalence of dyschromatopsia was significantly higher in the exposed group (30.2%) compared to that found in the control group (19.4%). Out of the 116 subjects in the exposed group, 30 people had acquired dyschromatopsia (25.86%). The variables affecting the color confusion index, such as age, exposure, and the duration of exposure, were statistically significant variables. CONCLUSIONS: He prevalence of dyschromatopsia was found to be not significantly higher in the group with exposure to organic solvents compared to that found in the control group. In addition, a statistically significant correlation was found between exposure to organic solvents and the color confusion index.