Discapacidad mental y ciudadanía activa: el desafío de una nueva legislación de salud mental para Chile / Mental disability and active citizenship: the challenge of a new legislation ofmental health for Chile

El enfoque de la discapacidad constituye actualmente una perspectiva que pretende hacerse cargo de la incorporación de la dimensión social en la comprensión de la salud mental, y su hegemonía en Chile es visible en el diseño de las legislaciones y políticas públicas sobre salud mental durante los últimos 20 años. Sin embargo, tanto este enfoque de la salud mental como las respectivas legislaciones y políticas desarrolladas, presentan importantes dificultades para hacerse cargo de la situación de justicia y ciudadanía de este grupo de personas. Estas dificultades del enfoque se hacen particularmente evidentes cuando se requiere garantizar el ejercicio de una ciudadanía activa, ya que los aspectos relativos a la ciudadanía han demostrado tener un efecto terapéutico sobre las deficiencias o trastornos mentales. La urgente necesidad de una ley de salud mental para Chile demanda el desafío de diseñar una legislación que se haga cargo de las particularidades de la discapacidad mental, pero además la posibilidad histórica de incluir efectivamente la perspectiva de las personas con discapacidad mental y sus familias en la discusión de una nueva ley.

Nowadays, the disability approach is a perspective that proposes a way to deal with the incorporation of social dimension in mental health understanding. Its hegemony in Chile turns visible considering the design of mental health laws and public policies over the past 20 years. However, this approach to mental health as well as the legislations and policies developed and related to it, hardly take over the situation of justice and citizenship of this group of people. These difficulties are particularly relevant when the exercise of active citizenship is required, since citizenship has been proved to show a therapeutic effect on the deficiencies or mental disorders. The urgent need of a mental health law for Chile demands the challenge of designing a law which recognizes the particularities of mental disability, but it also offers the historical possibility to effectively include the perspective of people with mental disabilities and their families in the discussion for a new law.

Trípode en el que se sustenta una sociedad civilizada: ciudadanía activa, estado democrático y economía ética / Trípode na qual se sustenta uma sociedade civilizada: cidadania ativa, estado democrático e economia ética / A tripod on which civic ethics rests: a participatory democracy, an economy exerted from ethical companies and an active citizenship

The work produced is a thematic review that aims to reflect on civic ethics, from the look of Adela Cortina, who offers a clear exposition, allowing conceptual understanding of it, as well as the urgency of their quest. The approach is performed in relation to the role of three key elements, which are useful at time to trying to build a better society. Those three elements constitute a tripod on which civic ethics rests: a participatory democracy, an economy exerted from ethical companies and active citizenship...

O trabalho elaborado constitui uma revisão temática que pretende a reflexão em torno da ética cívica a partir da visão de Adela Cortina, que com sua claridade expositiva permite a compreensão conceitual da mesma e também a urgência de sua busca. O enfoque é dado ao papel que exercem três elementos fundamentais na hora de se tentar construir uma sociedade melhor, constituídos em uma trípode sobre a qual esta repousa: uma democracia participativa, uma economia exercida por empresas éticas e uma cidadania ativa...