Conductas de riesgo para la salud en adolescentes escolarizados del municipio de Tabio, Colombia / Health-risk behaviors in school-based adolescents in Tabio, Colombia

RESUMEN Objetivos Identificar los comportamientos de riesgo para la salud y describir su relación con las características sociodemográficas en los adolescentes de un colegio del municipio de Tabio, provincia de Sabana Centro, Cundinamarca, Colombia. Metodología Estudio descriptivo y de corte transversal en población adolescente escolar de 14 a 19 años, durante el año 2018, elegidos por medio de muestreo por conveniencia. Se obtuvo información mediante el cuestionario en español de la herramienta RAAPS (Rapid Assessment for Adolescent Preventive Services), que evaluó los comportamientos de riesgo, previa firma de consentimiento y asentimiento informado. Se realizó análisis estadístico en el programa STATA versión 14.0. Resultados Se incluyó una muestra de 217 estudiantes, con edad promedio de 15,8 años (53% mujeres y 47% hombres). La mayoría de zona rural y estrato 2. Dentro de los comportamientos de riesgo detectados se destacan la falta de uso de cinturón de seguridad y casco en casi la mitad de los participantes, síntomas de tristeza en 37,3% (que afecta más a las mujeres), consumo de alcohol en el 45,2% y actividad sexual en el 30,9% (son más frecuentes en el grupo de 17 a 19 años y en el sexo masculino). Conclusión Los hallazgos confirman la presencia de comportamientos de riesgo para la salud en los adolescentes de la población estudiada, que deben ser intervenidos a través de estrategias preventivas efectivas y que alertan sobre la necesidad de implementar un sistema periódico de vigilancia.

ABSTRACT Objective to identify health-risk behavior and describe their correlation with sociodemo-graphic characteristics in a group of adolescents from a school located in Tabio, Sabana Centro, Cundinamarca. Methodology A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in school adoles-cents from 14 to 19 years of age during 2018; chosen by convenience sampling. The information was collected using the Spanish version of the RAAPS questionnaire (Rapid assessment for preventive services for adolescents) that assesses risk behaviors, signing of informed consent and assent prior. The statistical analysis was performed in the STATA program, version 14.0. Results A sample of 217 students was included, the average age was 15.8 years, 53% were women and 47% were men, most of them from the rural area and socioeconomic status 2. Among the main risk behaviors were never wearing a belt of safety or helmet in almost half of the adolescents, symptoms of sadness in 37.3% with higher prevalence in women, alcohol consumption in 45.2% and sexual activity in 30.9%, both being more fre-quent in the group of 17 to 19 years old and male. Conclusion The results confirmed the presence of health risk behaviors in the adolescents of studied population, who must be intervened through effective preventive strategies and warn about the need to implement a periodic surveillance system.

The Factor Associated with Suicide Risk of High School Students Using the Adolescent Mental Health and Problem Behavior Screening Questionnaire-II

BACKGROUND: The rate of suicide of adolescents is recently significantly increasing in South Korea. Suicide is the first leading cause of death of adolescents aged 15 to 19 years in South Korea and the mortality rate due to suicide of adolescents is 8.9 per 100,000. The aims of this study is to investigate factors that affect suicidal ideation through inventory and scale. METHODS: A questionnaire was conducted to 820 high school students in a city, and 776 subjects who finished questionare were included in this study. Suicidal ideation, school bullying, excessive sexual thought and family conflict were checked by adolescent mental health and problem behavior screening questionnaire-II (AMPQ-II). Internet addiction degrees and depression was evaluated by internet addiction scale (IAS) and Beck's depression inventory (BDI), respectively. RESULTS: AMPQ-II, IAS, BDI, school bullying, suicidal ideation, and family conflict were closely related to each other. Binary logistic analysis showed that victims of school bullying (odds ratio [OR], 2.3; 95% confidence Interval [CI], 1.439-3.816), AMPQ-II high risk (OR 4.9; CI 2.546-9.433) and depression of all grade (OR 1.8 [mild], 2.2 [moderate], 6.4 [severe]) were related to suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of school bullying, depression, and AMPQ-II high risk were closely related to suicidal ideation of high school students. Thus, AMPQ-II and BDI score can use as a screening tool for adolescent suicide ideation.