Practice of cerebrocardiac health advisors training / 中华医院管理杂志

To enhance primary and secondary stroke prevention, the Stroke Prevention and Control Project committee of the National Health Commission launched since October 2017 a nationwide training program for cerebrocardiac health advisors in the country. The authors introduced the standardized training system for such advisors, and the health management plan for stroke patients, in an effort to provide full-course health management scheme for stroke patients, and explore a stroke management model led by cerebrocardiac health advisors. Such efforts were designed to promote effective implementation of integrated prevention and control strategies for stroke, and provide a reference for the clinical practice of cerebrocardiac health advisors in a comprehensive and in-depth manner.

Especialistas graduados en el Instituto Nacional de Higiene "Rafael Rangel", tutoría y trabajos especiales de grado en el área de vigilancia sanitaria de medicamentos durante el periodo 2007 ­ 2014 / Specialists graduated in the National Institute of Hygiene "Rafael Rangel", tutorship and degree theses in the area of drug sanitary vigilance, period 2007 ­ 2014

El Instituto Nacional de Higiene "Rafael Rangel" (INHRR) inició las actividades académicas de la Especialización en Vigilancia Sanitaria de Medicamentos en septiembre de 2007. En los primeros ocho años de actividad, el Instituto ha concluido tres cohortes de especialistas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue presentar una descripción de los especialistas graduados en el INHRR, los tutores y los trabajos especiales de grado (TEG) en el área de vigilancia sanitaria de medicamentos durante el periodo 2007 ­ 2014. Para ello, se realizó una investigación documental y de tipo descriptiva, revisando los expedientes resguardados en los archivos de la Coordinación de Postgrado de la Gerencia de Docencia e Investigación del INHRR. Con este programa de postgrado, el Instituto graduó a 27 especialistas en vigilancia sanitaria de medicamentos con un elevado índice académico (17,1 puntos). La mayoría de los egresados de la especialización fueron mujeres farmacéuticas egresadas de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, quienes laboraban en entes públicos al momento de iniciar el programa. El 70% de los TEG defendidos se realizaron dentro de dos de las líneas de investigación que lleva adelante la Gerencia Sectorial de Registro y Control del INHRR, a saber: las buenas prácticas regulatorias y la farmacovigilancia. Catorce profesionales fueron los encargados de dirigir los TEG, bajo la figura de tutor: dos se destacaron por haber dirigido el 44% de los TEG y otros dos por ser egresados de la especialización. Solo el 29% de los tutores fueron externos al Instituto

The National Institute of Hygiene "Rafael Rangel" (INHRR) began the academic activities of the Drug Sanitary Vigilance Specialization in September 2007. In the first eight years, the Institute has graduated three cohorts of specialists. The aim of this work was to present a description of the specialists graduated in the INHRR, their advisors and degree theses (DT) in the field of drug sanitary vigilance, during the period 2007 ­ 2014. Documentary and descriptive research were carried out; reviewing the records kept in the Postgraduate Coordination archives of the Management for Teaching and Research, INHRR. With this program, the Institute graduated 27 specialists in drug sanitary vigilance with a high academic score (17.1 points). Most of the specialists were female pharmacists graduated from the Central University of Venezuela, who worked in public entities when the program began. Seventy percent of the PT was conducted in two of the research lines carried out by the Management of Control and Registry, INHRR, namely: good regulatory practices and pharmacovigilance. Fourteen professionals supervised the PT, under the figure of tutor. Two tutors excelled for supervising 44% of the PT and another two tutors for being graduates of the specialization. Only 29% of the tutors were external to the Institute

El asesor de tesis como Coach: una alternativa para impulsar la producción científica estudiantil / The Thesis Supervisor as a Coach: an alternative to foster student scientific production

La producción científica estudiantil en Latinoamérica evidencia serias limitaciones. Esta situación estaría obedeciendo a diversos factores, principalmente una escasa publicación de tesis de pregrado seria el principal desencadenante, donde también, la calidad de la asesoría brindada por el tutor es otro factor relevante para su prevalencia. Frente a este escenario surge la necesidad de cambiar el enfoque en cuanto a la labor del asesor de tesis, por ello, el objetivo de la presente es sustentar la posibilidad y discutir los beneficios en cuanto el asesor asuma el rol de Coach para impulsar la producción científica estudiantil. La literatura científica revela la existencia de estrategias innovadoras que responden a las necesidades educativas actuales para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje; y es en este contexto, que hace su aparición el Coaching educativo como una estrategia de formación de competencias en el ámbito universitario. Asumiendo que el proceso de asesoría de tesis corresponde también a un proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, entonces la figura del Coach-Asesor es indispensable no solo para mejorar la calidad de los trabajos de investigación sino también la formación de futuros investigadores desde el pregrado, utilizando el factor motivacional para desarrollar sus competencias investigativas. Se concluye que, ante el escenario de las limitaciones de la producción científica en el pregrado, la figura del Coach-asesor es una alternativa factible para mejorar el proceso de tutoría de tesis e impulsar la producción científica estudiantil en el pregrado.

Student scientific production in Latin America shows serious limitations. This situation would be due to several factors, mainly the scarce publication of diploma papers would be the main trigger, whereas the quality of the counseling provided by the supervisor is also another relevant factor for its prevalence. Within this scenario, the need arises to change the approach to the work of the thesis supervisor; therefore, the purpose of this research is to sustain the possibility and discuss the benefits of the supervisor assuming a coach role to foster student scientist production. The scientific literature reveals the existence of innovative strategies that respond to current educational needs, in order to improve the teaching-learning process; and it is in this context where educational coaching appears as a strategy for training competencies in the university scenario. Assuming that the thesis counseling process also corresponds to a teaching-learning process, then the figure of the coach-supervisor is indispensable not only to improve the quality of the research work, but also the training of future researchers from the undergraduate level, using the motivational factor to develop their research skills. It is concluded that, given the scenario of the limitations of scientific production in the undergraduate programs, the figure of the coach-supervisor is a feasible alternative to improve the process of thesis counseling and to promote student scientific production in the undergraduate programs.

Assessoria pedagógica ao docente universitário: uma carreira em construção / Pedagogical advice to university professors: a career under construction / Asesoría pedagógica al docente universitario: una carrera en construcción

Esse artigo empreende estudo teórico sobre o profissional que trabalha com a formação pedagógica do professor universitário aqui denominado assessor pedagógico universitário. Busca tornar a reflexão pedagógica na universidade uma prática, desenvolvendo o olhar sobre a docência como um exercício profissional. Neste sentido, este estudo objetiva, também, abrir a possibilidade de reflexão e discussão acerca da formação pedagógica do docente universitário, sob a ótica do profissional responsável por desencadear os processos formativos junto aos docentes, ou seja, sob a ótica do assessor pedagógico. Aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre este profissional pode ser um caminho para se rever uma enraizada cultura institucional, pautada em um ensino instrumentalizado e de transmissão que ainda resiste no interior da universidade.

This article undertakes a theoretical study about the professional that works with the pedagogical training of the university professor here called university pedagogical advisor. Search to make a reflection in the university a practice, developing the look on teaching as a professional exercise. In this sense, this study also aims to open the possibility of reflection and discussion about the university professor's pedagogical formation, from the view of the professional responsible for initiating the formative processes with the professors, that is, from the view of pedagogical advisor. Deepening the knowledge about this professional can be a way to review a rooted institutional culture, based on an instrumentalized and transmission teaching that still resists inside the university.

Este artículo emprende estudio teórico sobre el profesional que trabaja con la formación pedagógica del profesor universitario aquí denominado asesor pedagógico universitario. Búsqueda de una reflexión pedagógica en la universidad una práctica, desarrollando la mirada sobre la docencia como un ejercicio profesional. En este sentido, este estudio objetiva, también, abrir la posibilidad de reflexión y discusión acerca de la formación pedagógica del docente universitario, bajo la óptica del profesional responsable por desencadenar los procesos formativos junto a los docentes, o sea, bajo la óptica del asesor pedagógico. La profundización de los conocimientos sobre este profesional puede ser un camino para revisar una enraizada cultura institucional, pautada en una enseñanza instrumentalizada y de transmisión que aún resiste en el interior de la universidad.

Especialistas graduados en el Instituto Nacional de Higiene "Rafael Rangel", tutoría y trabajos especiales de grado en el área de micología médica durante el periodo 2007 ­ 2014 / Specialists graduated in the National Institute of Hygiene "Rafael Rangel", tutorship and degree theses in the area of medical mycology, period 2007 ­ 2014

El Instituto Nacional de Higiene "Rafael Rangel" (INHRR) inició las actividades académicas de la Especialización en Micología Médica en septiembre de 2007. En los primeros ocho años de actividad, el Instituto ha concluido cuatro cohortes de especialistas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue presentar una descripción de los especialistas graduados en el INHRR, los tutores y los trabajos especiales de grado (TEG) en el área de micología médica durante el periodo 2007 ­ 2014. Para ello, se realizó una investigación documental y de tipo descriptiva, revisando los expedientes resguardados en los archivos de la Coordinación de Postgrado de la Gerencia de Docencia e Investigación del INHRR. Con este programa de postgrado, el Instituto graduó a 23 especialistas en micología médica con un elevado índice académico (17,5 puntos). La mayoría de los egresados de la especialización fueron mujeres bioanalistas egresadas de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, quienes laboraban en entes públicos al momento de iniciar el programa. El 61% de los TEG defendidos se realizaron dentro de dos de las líneas de investigación que lleva adelante el Departamento de Micología Médica del INHRR, a saber: las micosis en pacientes inmunocompetentes e inmunocomprometidos utilizando el diagnóstico convencional y la resistencia antifúngica de hongos levaduriformes. Ocho profesionales fueron los encargados de dirigir los TEG, bajo la figura de tutor: dos se destacaron por haber dirigido el 52% de los TEG y tres por ser egresados de la especialización. Solo el 38% de los tutores fueron externos al Instituto

The National Institute of Hygiene "Rafael Rangel" (INHRR) began the academic activities of the Medical Mycology Specialization in September 2007. In the first eight years, the Institute has graduated four cohorts of specialists. The aim of this work was to present a description of the specialists graduated in the INHRR, their advisors and degree theses (DT) in the field of medical mycology, during the period 2007 ­ 2014. Documentary and descriptive research were carried out; reviewing the records kept in the Postgraduate Coordination archives of the Management for Teaching and Research, INHRR. With this program, the Institute graduated 23 specialists in medical mycology with a high academic score (17.5 points). Most of the specialists were bioanalyst women graduated from the Central University of Venezuela, who worked in public entities at the beginning of the program. Sixty-one percent of the DT was conducted in two of the research lines carried out by the Department of Medical Mycology, INHRR, namely: mycoses in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients using conventional diagnosis and antifungal resistance of yeast infections. Eight professionals supervised the DT, under the figure of tutor. Two tutors excelled for supervising 52% of the DT and three tutors for being graduates of the specialization. Only 38% of the tutors were external to the Institute

Transtornos mentais comuns em educadores sociais / Common mental disorders in social educators

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a presença de transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) em Educadores Sociais de albergues e abrigos do município de São Paulo. Métodos A amostra foi composta por 104 orientadores socioeducativos, entre 18 e 60 anos (masculino e feminino), que prestam serviço para a Secretaria Municipal de Assistência e Desenvolvimento Social (SMADS). Utilizou-se um Questionário Sociodemográfico, além do Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Resultados Os dados demonstraram que há maior prevalência de mulheres nessa função, a maioria dos profissionais já passou por situações de risco no trabalho, 68,3% (71 sujeitos) apresentaram índices que caracterizam a presença de TMC, e 40,4% das mulheres apresentam sintomas de TMC, enquanto o índice de TMC nos homens foi de 27,9%. Conclusões Neste cenário, observou-se que o público feminino é mais vulnerável à presença de TMC em relação ao público masculino.

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the presence of common mental disorders (CMDs) in Social Educator of hostels and housings in the city of Sao Paulo. Methods The sample was composed by 104 Guiding Youth between 18 and 60 years (male and female), who worked at the Municipal Assistance and Social Development in São Paulo. We used a demographic data questionnaire in addition to the Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Results The main results demonstrated a higher prevalence of women in this function; most professionals have experienced risk situations at work; 68.3% (71 individuals) presented indices that characterize the presence of CMDs; 40.4% of women presented CMDs symptoms, whereas the CMDs rate in men was 27.9%. Conclusions In this scenario, we can conclude that the female audience is more vulnerable to the presence of CMDs in comparison to the male audience.

La superación pedagógica y didáctica, necesidad impostergable para los profesores y tutores del proceso de especialización / The pedagogical and educational self-improvement, an imperative need for teachers and advisors under the specialization process

Introducción: la superación pedagógica y didáctica está dirigida a mejorar el desempeño profesional de los profesores y al perfeccionamiento continuo del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. Objetivo: caracterizar el estado actual de la preparación pedagógica y didáctica de los profesores y tutores de la especialidad Medicina General Integral, en el Policlínico "Hermanos Cruz" de Pinar del Río, en el primer trimestre del 2015. Métodos: se realizó una investigación descriptiva transversal, que incluyó a los 59 profesores, tutores y directivos de la especialidad de Medicina General Integral, en el Policlínico "Hermanos Cruz", a los que se les aplicó el instrumento diseñado para la caracterización del estado de superación pedagógica y didáctica. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos para fundamentar la investigación. Resultados: se reconoce por el claustro la necesidad prioritaria de superación pedagógica y didáctica, para garantizar la calidad del proceso docente educativo que desarrollan, teniéndose en cuenta la baja categorización y el insuficiente número aún de investigaciones pedagógicas. Conclusiones: resulta trascendental sustentar un proceso de formación pedagógica y didáctica de profesores y tutores, adecuado a los retos de la Educación Médica actual, que permita la preparación para enfrentar de manera adecuada los saltos cualitativos que se producen en la formación de especialistas de la salud(AU)

Introduction: the pedagogical and educational self-improvement is aimed at improving the professional performance of teachers and continuous self- improvement of the teaching-learning process. Objective: to characterize the current state of pedagogical and didactic improvement of professors and advisors of the specialty Family Medicine, at Hermanos Cruz Polyclinic of Pinar del Rio, in the first trimester of 2015. Methods: a descriptive research was carried out, which included 59 professors, advisors and directives specializing in Family Medicine, at Hermanos Cruz Polyclinic, who were applied the instrument designed to characterize the state of pedagogical and didactic self-improvement. Theoretical methods were used to support the research. Results: the faculty staff recognizes as a priority the need for pedagogical and didactic self-improvement, in order to ensure the quality of the teaching-learning process that they develop, taking into account the low categorization and yet insufficient number of pedagogical investigations. Conclusions: it is vital to sustain a pedagogic and didactic improvement process for professors and advisors, appropriate to the challenges of the current medical education, which allows the training to face adequately the qualitative leaps that take place in the training of health specialists(AU)

Os sentidos do trabalho para o orientador pedagógico: contribuições da psicologia escolar / The meaning of pedagogical coordinator's work: contributions of educational psychology / Los significados de lo trabajo de lo orientador pedagógico: contribuciones de la psicología escolar

Este artigo apresenta parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa de Mestrado, que investigou os sentidos do trabalho para o orientador pedagógico e sua influência no papel de mediador das relações intra e extraescolares. Consoante aos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da psicologia histórico-cultural utilizaram-se como instrumentos entrevistas semiestruturadas e registros de encontros realizados com a equipe gestora. Os resultados revelam que o trabalho de orientação pedagógica, configurado como missão, impede o estabelecimento de parcerias com os diversos agentes escolares, resultando em isolamento que provoca sofrimento e adoecimento desse profissional. Tal constatação reforça a importância do trabalho do psicólogo na escola, como um dos agentes que podem promover ações que viabilizem relações mais saudáveis neste espaço.

This article presents the results of a research which investigated the senses of work for the pedagogical advisor and its influence on the role of mediator in relations in the school. Assuming the theoretical-methodological assumptions of cultural-historical psychology, we used as semi structured interviews instruments and records of meetings held with the team manager. The results show that the tutoring job configured as mission prevents the establishment of partnerships with the various school officials, resulting in isolation that causes suffering and illness of this professional. This finding reinforces the importance of the work of psychologist in the school as one of the agents that can promote actions for healthier relationships in this space.

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una encuesta de maestros, que investigó los sentidos de trabajo para el asesor pedagógico y su influencia sobre el papel de mediador en las relaciones intra y extra escolar. Suponiendo que los supuestos teóricos metodológicos de la psicología histórico-cultural, utilizado como instrumentos semiestructuradas entrevistas y registros de las reuniones celebradas con el administradores del equipo. Los resultados muestran que el trabajo de tutoría configurado como misión impide el establecimiento de alianzas con los diversos funcionarios de la escuela, resultando en aislamiento que provoca sufrimiento y enfermedad de este profesional. Este hallazgo refuerza la importancia de la labor del psicólogo en la escuela como uno de los agentes que pueden promover acciones para relaciones saludables en este espacio.

A Recommendation for the Acquisition of Knowledge of Natural Health Products (NHP) for Physicians and Paramedical Staff / 日本補完代替医療学会誌

The number of people that use Natural Health Products (NHP), not only as a complementary medical treatment, but also for disease prevention and health maintenance, has increased considerably in recent years. Although classified as a food, NHPs can have various pharmacological effects, leading to situations that cannot be ignored by healthcare administrators. However, the level of knowledge and awareness of NHPs are inadequate among healthcare professionals. The Medical Supplement Advisor (MSA) Certification Course that is introduced here is an advanced level course intended for medical professionals only, which examine NHPs, categorized by specific diseases, based on EBM. The contents and arrangement of this course allow clinical physicians and pharmacists to learn and acquire more effectively the knowledge and tools of NHPs and has also been designed with special attention to the clinical application of that knowledge. In order to maximize convenience, the entire course is offered on-line and a CBT system is utilized for the qualification exam. It is essential for healthcare administrators in the future to be able to critically assess information about NHPs and to play a guiding role in health management programs and comprehensive medical care that incorporate Natural Health Products.<br>

The exploration of advisor cultivation model to medical clinical education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

To adapt to the new medical enviroment and aiming at the problems existing in clinical teaching,the author explores the value and feasibility of new cultivation mode and its concrete methods to make clininal educatinon play more inportont role in medical education and medical elite cultivation

Strategic Planning of International Health Cooperation / 国際保健医療

The eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) have galvanized unprecedented efforts to meet the needs of the worlds poorest. Japan, in line with MDGs, puts priority to the following three health related goals, "reduce child mortality", "improve maternal health", and "combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases. So called "vertical approach" is not an answer. Key to success is the establishment of the clear strategy which stress the importance of public health system development. Human resource from donor side, especially the role of health policy advisor to the Government of developing countries, is an essential factor led to success.

Role of the Health Policy Advisor in the context of Partnership: / 国際保健医療

In Lao PDR, while most of the projects used to be implemented as so-called "vertical programs", the Public-Private Partnership, such as Global Alliance for Vaccine Initiative(GAVI) and Global Fund(GF), has recently been introduced in the health sector. As a condition for their introduction, a coordination mechanism was established. In reality, however, the function of its mechanism is limited within its program only. In the centralized country, like Lao PDR, with limited management ability and nontransparent finance, the implementation of this mechanism is actually far from easy. While Japan has been the top donor country of Lao PDR, the cooperation strategy of Japan, mainly project-scheme, were not always appropriate for the coordination mechanism.<br>In 2002, the Health Sector Master Plan (MP) was developed by the JICA Development Study and the National Growth and Poverty Eradication Strategy (NGPES) was also launched in 2003. In addition to these two policies, Lao PDR also has Health Strategy 2020 and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The contents of these policies are apparently very similar, though attempts have never been made to consolidate these overlapping policies and none of them has been implemented yet.<br>In order to solve the above problems, it is essential to establish the coordination within the Ministry of Health as well as among donor agencies. For which, the Donor Coordinating Meeting and the Technical Working Group Meeting started in 2004. Now, the role of Japan is to assist the Lao government to implement the policies/strategies. In the context of Partnership, it is important to clarify the prioritized Japanese aid strategy and to enhance the coordination mechanism, which should be the main role of health policy advisor. For the effective implementation, some activities of the health policy advisor are incorporated into the newly proposed project of the capacity building for the sector wide coordination.