Research on the antioxidant activity of metabolites from a sponge-derived fungus Alternaria sp. F49 / 药学学报

To study the chemical constituents from the the deep-sea fungus Alternaria sp. F49. Seven compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extract by using silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS and HPLC methods. Based on the spectroscopic analysis, their structures were identified as (8R)-5-O-methyl-orcinotriol (1), orcinotriol (2), α-acetylorcinol (3), 3'-hydroxyalternariol 5-O-methyl ether (4), altenusiol (5), altenusin (6), and 5'-methoxy-6-methyl-biphenyl-3,4,3'-triol (7). (8R)-5-O-Methyl-orcinotriol (1) is a new phenolic compound which has never been reported in the literature. Compounds 4-7 showed strong DPPH free radical scavenging activity; whereas compounds 1-7 showed strong ABTS free radical scavenging activity.

Secondary metabolites of endophyte Alternaria sp. W-1 from Laminaria japonica / 药学学报

Six compounds were isolated from the crude extract of the liquid culture of Alternaria sp. W-1 by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and HPLC. They were identified as 6-iso-tricycloalternarene 6a (1), tricycloalternarene 6a (2), tricycloalternarene B (3), uracil (4), 5-methyluracil (5), and lumichrome (6) through HR-MS, NMR and literature comparison. 6-iso-Tricycloalternarene 6a (1) is a new compound which has never been reported in the literature. In cytotoxicity assay, compounds 1-3 showed weak inhibition activity to human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 and human gastric cell line SGC-7901.

A new polyketide from a sponge-derived fungus / 药学学报

A new polyketide:3R, 5R-(-)-talaroflavone (2), along with 15 known compounds were isolated from a EtOAc extract of a sponge-derived fungus Alternaria sp. F49. Compounds 1-2 and 3-4 were separated as two pairs of enantiomers by chiral HPLC from Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The structures of compounds 1-16 were elucidated by means of NMR and MS. Furthermore, the absolute configurations of compounds 1-2 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction experiment and CD analyses. Compounds 6, 8-10 were isolated from this genus (Alternaria sp.) for the first time. Compound 16 showed moderate COX-2 enzyme inhibitory activity with IC50of 7.3 μmol·L-1.

Alternariol 9-methyl ether from the endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. Samif01 and its bioactivities

Abstract One bioactive compound, identified as alternariol 9-methyl ether, was isolated from the crude extract of the endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. Samif01 residing in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Alternariol 9-methyl ether was active against bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 25 to 75 µg/mL and median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 16.00 to 38.27 µg/mL. The IC50 value of alternariol 9-methyl ether against spore germination of Magnaporthe oryzae was 87.18 µg/mL. Alternariol 9-methyl ether also showed antinematodal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Caenorhabditis elegans with IC50 values of 98.17 µg/mL and 74.62 µg/mL, respectively. This work is the first report on alternariol 9-methyl ether and its biological activities from the endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. Samif01 derived from S. miltiorrhiza Bunge. The results indicate the potential of Alternaria sp. Samif01 as a source of alternariol 9-methyl ether and also support that alternariol 9-methyl ether is a natural compound with high potential bioactivity against microorganisms.

Mixed terpenoids from an endophyte Alternaria sp. Ly81 cultivated on Maytenus hookeri / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the secondary metabolites and their cytotoxic activities of an endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. Ly81 cultivated on Maytenus hookeri. METHODS: Column chromatography by RP-18, Sephadex LH - 20 and silica gel was used to isolate and purify the chemical constituents, and their structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis. Cytotoxic activities were evaluated by MTT method. RESULTS: Nine compounds were isolated and identified as tricycloalternarene 2a(1), tricycloalternarene 1a(2), tricycloalternarene 1b(3), tricycloalternarene 2b(4), tricycloalternarene 3b(5), tricycloalternarene 4b(6), tricycloalternarene 5b(7), tricycloalternarene-H(8) and tricycloalternarene F(9). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1 - 9 were isolated from the Alternaria sp. Ly81 for the first time. The absolute configuration of compound 1 is elucidated by Mosher's method. Compound 3 shows strong inhibitory activity against Lewis lung carcinoma cells 3LL.

Phaeohyphomycosis: a clinical-epidemiological and diagnostic study of eighteen cases in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

The goal of this study was to review 18 cases of phaeohyphomycosis in Rio Grande do Sul. The records of all of the patients with a diagnosis of phaeohyphomycosis between 1995-2010 were reviewed. Twelve of the 18 patients (66.6%) were male. The average age of the patients was 50 years old (range: 16-74 years). Eleven patients (61%) presented with subcutaneous lesions. Seven patients (38.8%) had received a solid organ transplant. In all of the cases, the presence of melanin in the fungal cells was determined by Fontana-Masson staining of tissue sections and documented. Among the 18 patients, a total of 11 different fungal species were isolated. The causative organisms included Exophiala jeanselmei, Alternaria, Curvularia, Cladophialophora and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. To our knowledge, this review reports the first case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by C. gloeosporioides in a lung transplant patient. The number of reported cases of phaeohyphomycosis has increased in the last decade. In a number of cases, this increased incidence may be primarily attributed to iatrogenic immunodeficiency.

Qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de erva-doce (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. ) armazenadas / Physiological and sanitary quality of fennel seeds stored

A incidência de fungos em sementes interfere negativamente o seu potencial fisiológico, podendo ter início no campo, durante o armazenamento ou na pós-colheita. Desta forma o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de erva-doce armazenadas em diferentes embalagens. O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de análise de sementes da UFPB, em Areia-PB. As sementes foram colhidas em plantas tratadas e não tratadas com inseticida Actara, beneficiadas e acondicionadas nas embalagens papel alumínio, saco plástico e vidro. Em seguida, armazenadas em câmara fria durante 315 dias. Inicialmente e a cada 45 dias foram realizados as seguintes determinações e testes: teor de água, emergência de plântulas, primeira contagem de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento e massa seca das plântulas e sanidade das sementes pelo método "blotter-test". Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, os tratamentos foram distribuídos em fatorial 2 x 3 x 8 (com e sem inseticida, 3 embalagens e 8 períodos de avaliação). Os resultados indicam que a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de erva-doce foi principalmente afetada pelo fungo Alternaria sp., ocorrendo a manutenção da viabilidade das sementes por aproximadamente 95 dias na embalagem de saco plástico; a aplicação do inseticida Actara mantém a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de Foeniculum vulgare no armazenamento.

The fungi incidence in seeds affect negatively their physiological potential may begin in the field, during storage or in post-harvest. The objective was to evaluate the sanitary quality of fennel seeds stored in packagings differents. The study was conducted in laboratory analysis of seeds of UFPB, in Areia-PB. Seeds were harvested in experimental field with plants treated and untreated with insecticide Actara, processed and packed in aluminum foil, plastic bag and glass and stored in cold chamber during 315 days. Initially and every 45 days were performed the following tests and determinations: water content, seedling emergence, first count of emergency, emergency speed index, length and seedling dry mass and seed health by the "blotter-test." We used a completely randomized design with four replications, the treatments were distributed in a factorial 2 x 3 x 8. The results indicated that the physiological quality of fennel seeds was negatively affected by the fungus Alternaria sp., occurring at maintaining the viability of seeds for about 95 days in the plastic bag packaging; the application of the insecticide Actara keeps the physiological quality of seeds of Foeniculum vulgare in storage.