Effects of ambroxol hydrochloride injection combined with pulmonary surfactant on the improvement of arterial blood gas index and the time of mechanical ventilation in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the effects of ambroxol hydrochloride injection combined with pulmonary surfactant(PS) on the improvement of arterial blood gas index and the time of mechanical ventilation in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).Methods 82 children with NRDS were selected,and they were randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table ,41 cases in each group.The control group received 100mg/kg PS inhalation,and the study group received intravenous injection of 7.5mg/kg ambroxol hydrochloride +100mg/kg PS inhalation.The changes of arterial blood gas index [PaO2 ,arterial carbon dioxide pressure ( PaCO2 ),pH value], mechanical ventilation time,oxygen supply time and hospitalization time were statistically compared between the two groups.Results The PaO2 [(89.38 ±4.72)mmHg]and pH value (7.40 ±0.02) of the study group were higher than those of the control group [(66.42 ±5.58) mmHg,(7.32 ±0.04)] at 12h after treatment,while PaCO2 [(29.04 ±4.63)mmHg]was lower than that in the control group [(35.38 ±5.67)mmHg],and the differences were statistically significant(t =20.115,11.454,5.545,all P =0.000).The hospitalization time,oxygen supply time and mechanical ventilation time of the study group were lower than those of the control group [(11.10 ±3.47) d vs. (18.61 ±8.72)d,(7.49 ±5.31) d vs.(14.32 ±11.61) d,(56.21 ±11.78)h vs.(78.22 ±18.31)h],and the differences were statistically significant (t =5.123,3.425,6.473,all P =0.000).Conclusion Ambroxol hydrochlo-ride injection combined with PS can improve the arterial blood gas index in children with NRDS and shorten the time of mechanical ventilation,hospitalization and oxygen supply .

Effect of ambroxol hydrochloride combined with phentolamine in adjuvant treatment of severe pneumonia in children / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the effect of ambroxol hydrochloride combined with phentolamine in adju-vant treatment of severe pneumonia in children.Methods According to the digital table,93 children with severe pneumonia were selected and randomly divided into A group,B group and C group with 31 cases in each group.Agroup with conventional measures for treatment of severe pneumonia in children for treatment,B group based on treatment scheme of A group,with ambroxol hydrochloride injection intravenous infusion in group B,group C foundationtreatment scheme,combined with phentolamine intravenous infusion.After 7d treatment in three groups were comparedthe clinical symptoms,signs and hospitalization days disappear,at the same time,the clinical effect between threegroups of children and to observe the adverse reaction.Results In C group,the cooling time for(1.98 ±1.25)d,heart failure free period of (1.71 ±0.92)d,cough disappeared time of (2.90 ±1.08)d,rales disappearing for(6.22 ±1.13)d,the time of hospitalization for (6.42 ±1.57)d,were significantly lower than those of A group(t =4.55,4.72,4.38,4.59,5.12,all P <0.05)and B group(t =3.98,3.76,4.12,4.08,4.14,all P <0.05),B groupof children with heart failure disappeared,antipyretic,cough disappeared,rales disappearing time was significantlylower than that in A group(t =3.97,4.01,3.88,3.56,all P <0.05);After treatment,in C group,the markedly effective rate was 41.94%,effective rate was 54.84%,total effective rate was 96.77%,which were significantly higherthan those in A group and B group(χ2 =10.33,5.165,all P <0.05);The three groups of children in the course oftreatment were not serious adverse reactions.Conclusion Ambroxol hydrochloride injection combined with phentolamine injection can quickly control of children with severe pneumonia disease,improve the clinical efficacy in children with severe pneumonia,and less adverse reactions,which is worthy of popularization and application.

Current clinical application of ambroxol hydrochloride injection and consideration on the rational drug use / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the current clinical application of ambroxol hydrochloride injection and promote its rational use. METHODS: Based on the Hospital Prescription Analysis Cooperation Project, 160-day prescription data about ambroxol hydrochloride injection from 2010 to 2013 was sampled randomly from the database of 82 general hospitals in six cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Chengdu, and Tianjin. According to the drug instruction, relevant guidelines, expert consensus, and literature, the clinical use of ambroxol hydrochloride injection was analyzed. RESULTS: Within the scope of sampling time, there were 2.67 million prescriptions of ambroxol hydrochloride injection, and 14.01 million ampoules(15 mg per ampoule) were used clinically. According to the percentage of prescription complying with the drug instruction, the six cities were ranked in descending order as follows: Hangzhou(28.03%) > Chengdu(26.25%) > Shanghai(14.66%) > Guangzhou(9.38%) > Beijing(7.72%) > Tianjin(3.98%). However, various off-label uses were found in administration route, dosage, and indications. CONCLUSION: Off-label use of ambroxol hydrochloride injection is common in clinic, which needs to be paid great attention to and to be standardized.

Effect of Ambroxol inhalation on prevention and cure of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rats caused by cigarette smoking exposure / 中国实用内科杂志

Objective To observe interference effect of Ambroxol (AMB) hydrochloride injection on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rats caused by cigarette smoking exposure.Methods Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rat models were established by simple cigarette smoking exposure,interfered with AMB inhalation.Rats were divided into three groups.Cell counts were examined routinely in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).The concentrations of Matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)、interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) in BALF were measured.Quantitative analysis of pulmonary mean linear intercept (MLI),mean alveolar numbers (MAN),pulmonary alveolar area (PAA) and the relative area of elastic fibers were measured.Results Concentrations of MMP-9,IL-8 and TNF-? in BALF of COPD rats were positively correlated with total counts of white blood cell (WBC),percentage of neutrophil and absolute counts of neutrophil in BALF.Pulmonary elastic fibers were severely damaged in COPD rats;MLI,PAA were higher than those in control group (P0.05).Conclusion Simple cigarette smoking can cause COPD in rats.MMP-9,IL-8 and TNF-? in airway and alveoli pulmonum probably participate in the destruction of elastic fibers and forming of COPD.AMB inhalation can inhibit release of IL-8 and TNF-? in airway and alveoli pulmonum of COPD rats,alleviate the inflammation of local airway caused by cigarette smoking,playing a role in preventing and curing experimental COPD of rats.