RESUMO
Abstract Avoidable hospitalizations for primary care-sensitive conditions have been used as indicators of access to timely and appropriate care because hospital admissions for many conditions could be prevented by interventions in primary care. Physical therapists play an important role in health promotion, disease prevention, and the pursuit of fairness and improvements in the effectiveness of health care services, which are the goals of the public policies proposed by the Brazilian unified health care system. We used MEDLINE and SciELO to search the literature for articles concerning the association between physical therapy and the reduction of avoidable hospitalizations for primary care-sensitive conditions. The literature on the topic is still in its infancy and confined to relatively few studies. Although the available literature associates access to quality primary care with reduced hospitalizations for primary care-sensitive conditions, there is a need for original studies investigating whether there is an association between physical therapy and decreased hospital admissions for primary care-sensitive conditions.
Resumo As hospitalizações evitáveis por condições sensíveis à atenção primária têm sido utilizadas como indicadores de acesso à atenção oportuna e adequada, fundamentada na elevada capacidade de resolução por parte da atenção primária de determinados problemas de saúde. Nesse contexto, a atuação do fisioterapeuta faz parte deste processo, pois a promoção da saúde e a prevenção de doenças, assim como a busca de equidade e maior resolutividade dos atendimentos prestados - objetivos das políticas públicas preconizadas pelo sistema único de saúde no Brasil que definem as ações propostas para o acolhimento dos usuários - também estão compreendidas nas ações de fisioterapia. O objetivo desta revisão foi verificar a associação da fisioterapia à redução de hospitalizações evitáveis por condições sensíveis à atenção primária, por meio de pesquisa e análise de artigos indexados na base de dados MEDLINE e na biblioteca virtual SciELO. Foi constatada escassa produção bibliográfica relacionada ao tema, ainda muito incipiente. Embora a revisão da literatura disponível associe o acesso à atenção primária de qualidade à redução de hospitalizações por condições sensíveis a essa modalidade de atenção, há a necessidade de estudos originais que verifiquem se existe ou não associação entre a atuação fisioterapêutica e a redução de hospitalizações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária.
RESUMO
Primary care lays the foundation of national healthcare systems, but it has been weak in playing its role correctly because of legal and environmental attributes surrounding the healthcare industry in Korea. This study is conducted to concretize the definition and scope of primary care and to deduce its standard functions to contribute to establishing the healthcare delivery system and appropriate healthcare systems embracing socio-environmental leverage. The term primary healthcare institution was adopted based on literature review to achieve the research goal. The principle diseases appropriate for the primary healthcare institution based on ambulatory care sensitive conditions were analyzed, and the standard functions were deduced by matching these diseases with current procedural terminologies using CrossCoder package. Based on the analysis, the primary healthcare institution-specific diseases were 53 specific diseases under 23 broad disease groups. The standard functions were deduced in three categories of the standard functions of the entire primary healthcare institutions with 100% frequency, common standard functions with 70% frequency, and peculiar standard functions specific to diseases or body systems. These functions included outpatient evaluation and measurement, various factor tests through blood collection, and X-ray. Establishing the standard functions for the primary healthcare institution can promote patient reliability on primary care, alleviate health demand congestion toward large-sized advanced healthcare institutions. Furthermore, it contributes to establishing and reinforcing other healthcare policies related to the healthcare reimbursement system and referral system, and fosters primary care physician education. Most importantly, it reduces the national health expenditures by realizing efficient and effective healthcare delivery.